Effect of a Perioperative Hypotension-Avoidance Strategy Versus a Hypertension-Avoidance Strategy on the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury: A Clinical Research Protocol for a Substudy of the POISE-3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Most patients who take antihypertensive medications continue taking them on the morning of surgery and during the perioperative period. However, growing evidence suggests this practice may contribute to perioperative hypotension and a higher risk of complications. This protocol describes an acute kidney injury substudy of the Perioperative Ischemic Evaluation-3 (POISE-3) trial, which is testing the effect of a perioperative hypotension-avoidance strategy versus a hypertension-avoidance strategy in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.

A prospective randomized comparison of ultrasound and neurostimulation as needle end points for interscalene catheter placement.

Background: In this prospective, randomized study, we tested the hypothesis that interscalene catheters placed for shoulder surgery using an ultrasound needle end point provide postoperative analgesia similar in quality to those placed using a neurostimulation needle end point. Secondary end points included needle time under the skin, procedure-related pain, and the incidence of early neurological complications.

Methods: Patients presenting for shoulder surgery were recruited.

Dosing ketamine for pediatric procedural sedation in the emergency department.

Objective: To describe intravenous ketamine dosing regimens for children requiring brief procedural sedation.

Methods: Time-concentration and sedation profiles were simulated in children (2, 6, and 12 years old) using published pediatric pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameter estimates. Single-dose, repeat-dosing, and infusion regimens to achieve sedation level of less than 2 (arouses slowly to consciousness, with sustained painful stimulus) for 15 minutes were investigated.

The state of health hardware in Aboriginal communities in rural and remote Australia.

Introduction: Many of the health problems faced by rural and remote Aboriginal people have been attributed to a poor living environment. In the mid 1980s we began a process of defining problems with the immediate living environment that would affect health. These related particularly to safety, washing and hygiene practice.

A comparison of 4 common methods of hand-measured techniques with a computerized technique to measure the first intermetatarsal angle.

Measurement of the intermetatarsal (IM) angle on plain dorsoplantar radiographs is considered a standard in the surgical evaluation of hallux valgus. The angle formed in this measurement helps determine the selection of surgical procedure. A study was performed to determine the most consistent method to radiographically measure the first IM angle.