Initial Weight Change and Long-Term Changes in Weight and Compensation during Supervised Exercise Training.

Introduction: Our primary aim was to investigate the association between initial weight change and longer-term changes in weight and compensation (predicted weight loss-observed weight loss) during exercise. As secondary aims, we investigated if initial weight change was related to change in cardiometabolic risk markers and energy balance modulators.

Methods: Two 6-month randomized controlled exercise trials conducted in individuals with overweight or obesity were analyzed (study 1, n = 312; study 2, n = 102).

What Should I Eat and Why? The Environmental, Genetic, and Behavioral Determinants of Food Choice: Summary from a Pennington Scientific Symposium.

This review details the proceedings of a Pennington Biomedical scientific symposium titled, "What Should I Eat and Why? The Environmental, Genetic, and Behavioral Determinants of Food Choice." The symposium was designed to review the literature about energy homeostasis, particularly related to food choice and feeding behaviors, from psychology to physiology. This review discusses the intrinsic determinants of food choice, including biological mechanisms (genetics), peripheral and central signals, brain correlates, and the potential role of the microbiome.

Effect of Statin Use on Mobility Disability and its Prevention in At-risk Older Adults: The LIFE Study.

Background: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are among the most commonly prescribed classes of medications. Although their cardiovascular benefits and myalgia risks are well documented, their effects on older adults initiating an exercise training program are less understood.

Methods: 1,635 sedentary men and women aged 70-89 years with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score of 9 or below and were able to walk 400 m were randomized to a structured, moderate-intensity physical activity (PA) program consisting of both center-based (twice/wk) and home-based (3-4 times/wk) aerobic, resistance, and flexibility training or to a health education (HE) program combined with upper extremity stretching.