Neural correlates of deductive reasoning: An ERP study with the Wason Selection Task.

The Wason Selection Task (WST) is a well-known test of reasoning in which one turns over cards to test a rule about the two faces. Modifications were made to the WST to enable more direct and analytical investigation of reasoning processes. The modifications included extensive training to reduce variations in task interpretation, isolation of working memory in the decision phase, a separate rule for each card and variations in the form of the rule (number-letter as well as letter-number), separate scoring for each card, and inclusion of control cards that could be recognized by features without relational processing.

Effects of cue frequency and repetition on prospective memory: an ERP investigation.

Prospective memory involves the formation and completion of delayed intentions and is essential for independent living. In this study (n = 33), event-related potentials (ERPs) were used to systematically evaluate the effects of PM cue frequency (10% versus 30%) and PM cue repetition (high versus low) on ERP modulations. PM cues elicited prospective positivity and frontal positivity but not N300, perhaps due to the semantic nature of the task.

Wavelet coherence of EEG signals for a visual oddball task.

Neural co-activation in frontal and central cortex was examined during a visual oddball task using wavelet coherence. EEG was recorded during a visual oddball task, presented to 12 participants with a random mix of 15% oddball targets and 85% frequent non-target letters over 265 trials. Wavelet coherence of individual trials was shown to distinguish frequent and oddball trials.

Estimating left atrial enlargement parameters from the electrocardiogram using wavelets.

Background: The aim of this article was to examine the utility of using the P wave of the electrocardiogram to indicate left atrial enlargement measures determined from the echocardiogram and cardiac magnetic resonance.

Method: Wavelet-based features extracted from the beat-averaged P wave were correlated to the left atrial diameter, left atrial area, and left atrial volume index measures from echocardiogram and cardiac magnetic resonance.

Results: Significant correlations were found between several of the wavelet features and the left atrial enlargement size measures (r > 0.

Neurophysiological indices of perceptual object priming in the absence of explicit recognition memory.

The aim of this study was to identify ERP correlates of perceptual object priming that are insensitive to factors affecting explicit, episodic memory. EEG was recorded from 21 participants while they performed a visual object recognition test on a combination of unstudied items and old items that were previously encountered during either a 'deep' or 'shallow' levels-of-processing (LOP) study task. The results demonstrated a midline P150 old/new effect which was sensitive only to objects' old/new status and not to the accuracy of recognition responses to old items, or to the LOP manipulation.

An object cue is more effective than a word in ERP-based detection of deception.

Recent studies of deception have used a form of the guilty knowledge test along with the oddball P300 event-related potential (ERP) to uncover hidden memories. These studies typically have used words as the cuing stimuli. In the present study, a mock crime was enacted by participants to prime their episodic memory and different memory cue types (Words, Pictures of Objects and Faces) were created to investigate their relative efficacy in identifying guilt.