Robotic Dispersal Technique for 35 GBq of 140La in an L-polygon Pattern.

In 2018, Defence Research and Development Canada, in partnership with Natural Resources Canada, led a field trial of survey and mapping of a large dispersion of radioactivity using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The intent was to disperse La material in a 3,200 m L-polygon with an approximate activity level of 10 MBq m and to measure the radioactive material using sensors carried by UAVs. Due to the potential radiological hazard to personnel, the activity was approved only if Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) were able to completely handle and disperse the material remotely.

Optical spectroscopy shows that the normal state of URu2Si2 is an anomalous Fermi liquid.

Fermi showed that, as a result of their quantum nature, electrons form a gas of particles whose temperature and density follow the so-called Fermi distribution. As shown by Landau, in a metal the electrons continue to act like free quantum mechanical particles with enhanced masses, despite their strong Coulomb interaction with each other and the positive background ions. This state of matter, the Landau-Fermi liquid, is recognized experimentally by an electrical resistivity that is proportional to the square of the absolute temperature plus a term proportional to the square of the frequency of the applied field.