Publications by authors named "Tim Kendall"
Introduction: Aggregate data meta-analyses have shown heterogeneous treatment effects for cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for patients with schizophrenia spectrum diagnoses. This heterogeneity could stem from specific intervention or patient characteristics that could influence the clinical effectiveness of CBT, termed treatment effect modifiers. This individual participant data meta-analysis will investigate a range of potential treatment effect modifiers of the efficacy of CBT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Over 600 RCTs have demonstrated the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for children and young people's mental health, but little is known about the long-term outcomes. This systematic review sought to establish whether the effects of selective and indicated interventions were sustained at 12 months.
Method: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on studies reporting medium term outcomes (12 months after end of intervention).
Outcomes help map out evidence in an uncertain terrain, but they are relative.
World Psychiatry
October 2019
Objective: The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the current provision and policy focus on Individual Placement and Support (IPS) in England.
Method: This report reviews current and future national developments shaping the future direction of IPS in England.
Results: Recent government policy announcements have led to an increased interest and focus on IPS nationally throughout England, leading to an expected growth in the numbers of people with a serious mental illness able to access employment support.
Background: Self-management is intended to empower individuals in their recovery by providing the skills and confidence they need to take active steps in recognising and managing their own health problems. Evidence supports such interventions in a range of long-term physical health conditions, but a recent systematic synthesis is not available for people with severe mental health problems.AimsTo evaluate the effectiveness of self-management interventions for adults with severe mental illness (SMI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is first choice of treatment for depressive symptoms and disorders in adolescents, however improvements are necessary because overall efficacy is low. Insights on CBT components and contextual and structural characteristics might increase the efficacy. The aim of our approach is to evaluate the efficacy of CBT for youth with depression and investigate the influence of specific components, contextual and structural factors that could improve effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Borderline personality disorder affects up to 2% of the population and is associated with poor functioning, low quality of life and increased mortality. Psychotherapy is the treatment of choice, but it is unclear whether specialized psychotherapies (dialectical behavior therapy, mentalization-based treatment, transference-focused therapy and schema therapy) are more effective than non-specialized approaches (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Bulimia nervosa (BN) is a severe eating disorder that can be managed using a variety of treatments including pharmacological, psychological, and combination treatments. We aimed to compare their effectiveness and to identify the most effective for the treatment of BN in adults.
Methods: A search was conducted in Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, and Central from their inception to July 2016.
Cellular senescence is a mechanism that provides an irreversible barrier to cell cycle progression to prevent undesired proliferation. However, under pathological circumstances, senescence can adversely affect organ function, viability and regeneration. We have developed a mouse model of biliary senescence, based on the conditional deletion of Mdm2 in bile ducts under the control of the Krt19 promoter, that exhibits features of biliary disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPractitioner Review: Treatments for Tourette syndrome in children and young people - a systematic review.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry
September 2016
Article Synopsis
- Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic tic disorder (CTD) affect 1-2% of youth, but the best treatment methods remain uncertain, prompting a systematic review of available interventions.
- A total of 40 trials were evaluated, showing that α2-adrenergic receptor agonists (like clonidine and guanfacine) and behavioral therapies (such as habit reversal training) offer moderate success in reducing tic severity.
- The study concludes that α2-adrenergic receptor agonists should be the first choice for medication due to their balance of benefits and risks, while antipsychotic medications may be useful but should be reserved for cases where other treatments fail.
A recent editorial claimed that the 2014 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline on psychosis and schizophrenia, unlike its equivalent 2013 Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) guideline, is biased towards psychosocial treatments and against drug treatments. In this paper we underline that the NICE and SIGN guidelines recommend similar interventions, but that the NICE guideline has more rigorous methodology. Our analysis suggests that the authors of the editorial appear to have succumbed to bias themselves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Psychological interventions may be beneficial in bipolar disorder.
Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of psychological interventions for adults with bipolar disorder.
Method: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials was conducted.
Article Synopsis
- Tourette syndrome (TS) affects around 1% of school-age children and is marked by chronic motor and vocal tics, which can lead to significant distress and impact social functioning.
- This study aims to systematically review the effectiveness and risks of various treatments for tics in children and adolescents with TS, including both medication and behavioral therapies, while also gathering insights from young individuals with TS and their parents about their treatment experiences.
- The methodology involved reviewing randomized controlled trials and qualitative studies, assessing the quality of evidence and potential biases, and engaging parents through a national survey to gather broader perspectives on treatment satisfaction and challenges.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how young people with Tourette syndrome (TS) and their parents view treatment options for tics, revealing a common perception that health professionals often lack sufficient knowledge about TS.
- - Although medication is a typical treatment choice, both groups acknowledge its benefits and side effects, leading to many young people discontinuing its use; Aripiprazole is highlighted as a particularly favorable option.
- - Access to behavioral therapies is limited, with 76% of parents advocating for their availability; both parents and young individuals express a desire to manage tics more effectively while also reducing associated anxiety symptoms.
Background: Informal caregiving is an integral part of the care of people with severe mental illness, but the support needs of those providing such care are not often met.
Aims: To determine whether interventions provided to people caring for those with severe mental illness improve the experience of caring and reduce caregiver burden.
Method: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions delivered by health and social care services to informal carers (i.
Article Synopsis
- A lot of kids and teens, about 1 in 4, deal with anxiety or depression before they become adults, but they don't always get the help they need.
- A study looked at how online programs, called computerised CBT, can help treat these feelings in young people aged 5 to 25 and found it worked well for teenagers and young adults.
- While computerised CBT showed promise for older kids, there wasn’t enough information to know if it helped younger children, and more research is needed to understand how it can be used better.
Background: Studies report contrasting results regarding the efficacy and safety of pharmacological, psychological, and combined interventions in psychosis and schizophrenia in children, adolescents and young adults.
Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Embase, Medline, PreMedline, PsycINFO, and CENTRAL were searched to July 2013 without restriction to publication status.
The widespread availability of the Internet and mobile-device applications (apps) is changing the treatment of mental health problems. The aim of the present study was to review the research on the effectiveness of e-therapy for eating disorders, using the methodology employed by the UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Electronic databases were searched for published randomised controlled trials of e-therapies, designed to prevent or treat any eating disorder in all age groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Little is known about whether peer support improves outcomes for people with severe mental illness.
Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Cochrane CENTRAL Register, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were searched to July 2013 without restriction by publication status.