Severe neonatal enterovirus infection in twins with different outcomes: A case report.

Enteroviruses are among the most common causes of acute viral illness worldwide, and in neonates, the clinical course of these infections is heterogeneous. Severe complications, such as myocarditis, are associated with high mortality rates. In this case report, we present the clinical course of premature twins born at 35 weeks of gestational age, suffering from a severe neonatal enterovirus infection with cardiac involvement, which proved fatal in one of the twins.

Expectant Management or Early Ibuprofen for Patent Ductus Arteriosus.

Background: Cyclooxygenase inhibitors are commonly used in infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), but the benefit of these drugs is uncertain.

Methods: In this multicenter, noninferiority trial, we randomly assigned infants with echocardiographically confirmed PDA (diameter, >1.5 mm, with left-to-right shunting) who were extremely preterm (<28 weeks' gestational age) to receive either expectant management or early ibuprofen treatment.

Survey highlighting the lack of consensus on diagnosis and treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in prematurity.

To gain insight in the availability of guidelines, diagnostic criteria, and treatment strategies and whether clinical equipoise regarding optimal treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in prematurity is present. We hypothesized that (co-)authors of PDA-related papers were more likely to screen for a PDA and would treat earlier and more aggressively. An international internet-based survey between September 2019 and March 2020 in which we collected (1) baseline characteristics; (2) availability of guidelines; (3) screening strategy for PDA; (4) diagnostic criteria for hemodynamic significance; (5) treatment strategy; and (6) metrics of treatment efficacy.

Multi-centre, randomised non-inferiority trial of early treatment versus expectant management of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants (the BeNeDuctus trial): statistical analysis plan.

Background: Controversy exists about the optimal management of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. A persistent PDA is associated with neonatal mortality and morbidity, but causality remains unproven. Although both pharmacological and/or surgical treatment are effective in PDA closure, this has not resulted in an improved neonatal outcome.

Conservative Management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Assessing Differences in Outcome Measures Between Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies.

This study aims to evaluate outcome after conservative management (no pharmacological/surgical intervention other than fluid restriction, diuretics, or ventilator adjustments) compared with active (pharmacological and/or surgical) treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants and analyze differences in outcome between randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies. This is a systematic literature review using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library. RCTs and cohort studies comparing conservative management with active treatment were included.

Factors Associated With Benefit of Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

There is an ongoing debate on the optimal management of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. Identifying subgroup of infants who would benefit from pharmacological treatment might help. To investigate the modulating effect of the differences in methodological quality, the rate of open-label treatment, and patient characteristics on relevant outcome measures in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Performing newborn life support in advance of neonatal advanced life support course-back to basics?

In this retrospective analysis, the Newborn Life Support (NLS) test scenario performance of participants of the Dutch Neonatal Advanced Life Support (NALS) course was assessed. Characteristics of participants and total amount of failures were collected. Failures were subdivided in (1) errors of omission; (2) errors of commission; and (3) unspecified if data was missing.

Understanding the pathobiology in patent ductus arteriosus in prematurity-beyond prostaglandins and oxygen.

The ductus arteriosus (DA) is probably the most intriguing vessel in postnatal hemodynamic transition. DA patency in utero is an active state, in which prostaglandin E (PGE) and nitric monoxide (NO), play an important role. Since the DA gets programmed for postnatal closure as gestation advances, in preterm infants the DA frequently remains patent (PDA).

Early treatment versus expectative management of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority trial in Europe (BeNeDuctus trial).

Background: Much controversy exists about the optimal management of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants, especially in those born at a gestational age (GA) less than 28 weeks. No causal relationship has been proven between a (haemodynamically significant) PDA and neonatal complications related to pulmonary hyperperfusion and/or systemic hypoperfusion. Although studies show conflicting results, a common understanding is that medical or surgical treatment of a PDA does not seem to reduce the risk of major neonatal morbidities and mortality.

[An infant with a suspicious lesion on her abdomen].

A six-month-old female girl presented with a lesion on her right hemi-abdomen. The lesion occurred after she visited her father, who just came out of prison. Therefore, child abuse was suspected.

Dutch paediatrician's opinions about acute care for critically ill children in general hospitals.

Unlabelled: Paediatricians in general hospitals have limited experience with critically ill children, due to the low incidence and their diversity in age, pathology and presentation. Consequently, adequate organization, training and materials and medication are of major importance. This voluntary and anonymous survey-based study was conducted to gain insight in the current status of these aspects.