Tuberculosis and diabetes: increased hospitalisations and mortality associated with renal impairment.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) triples a person's risk of active tuberculosis (TB) and is associated with increased mortality. It is unclear whether diabetes status and/or the associated renal dysfunction is associated with poor TB outcomes in New Zealand, which has high diabetes screening.

Aim: To characterise the population of TB-DM and TB-alone to assess the effect of diabetes status and renal function on hospitalisation and mortality.

Surgical treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer in octogenarians: a single-centre retrospective study.

Lung resection in patients aged ≥80 years is considered high risk and contributes to the low rates of resection in this population. This review of 79 octogenarians who underwent curative surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer demonstrated no intraoperative mortality, 30-day mortality of 1.3% and 12-month mortality of 10%.

Patients' and doctors' preferences for adjuvant chemotherapy in resected non-small-cell lung cancer: What makes it worthwhile?

Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) improves overall survival, but the benefits must be weighed against its harms. We sought to determine the survival benefits that patients and their doctors judged sufficient to make ACT in NSCLC worthwhile.

Methods: 122 patients completed a self-administered questionnaire at baseline and 6 months (before & after ACT, if they had it); 82 doctors completed the questionnaire once only.

Destruction of the bladder by single dose Mitomycin C for low-stage transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)--avoidance, recognition, management and consent.

Objectives: To identify a cohort of patients under our care who have had significant and in some cases irreparable damage to their bladders after Mitomycin C (MMC) instillation. To highlight the importance of avoidance and recognition of bladder perforations during transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) and explore the issue of consent regarding MMC given the serious complications that may occur after its instillation.

Patients And Methods: Patients referred to our tertiary centre for a second opinion to manage their complications after a suspected MMC leak was identified from the departmental database between January 2000 and December 2010.

Seven prostate cancer susceptibility loci identified by a multi-stage genome-wide association study.

Prostate cancer (PrCa) is the most frequently diagnosed male cancer in developed countries. We conducted a multi-stage genome-wide association study for PrCa and previously reported the results of the first two stages, which identified 16 PrCa susceptibility loci. We report here the results of stage 3, in which we evaluated 1,536 SNPs in 4,574 individuals with prostate cancer (cases) and 4,164 controls.

Identification of seven new prostate cancer susceptibility loci through a genome-wide association study.

Prostate cancer (PrCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in males in developed countries. To identify common PrCa susceptibility alleles, we previously conducted a genome-wide association study in which 541,129 SNPs were genotyped in 1,854 PrCa cases with clinically detected disease and in 1,894 controls. We have now extended the study to evaluate promising associations in a second stage in which we genotyped 43,671 SNPs in 3,650 PrCa cases and 3,940 controls and in a third stage involving an additional 16,229 cases and 14,821 controls from 21 studies.

Multiple loci on 8q24 associated with prostate cancer susceptibility.

Previous studies have identified multiple loci on 8q24 associated with prostate cancer risk. We performed a comprehensive analysis of SNP associations across 8q24 by genotyping tag SNPs in 5,504 prostate cancer cases and 5,834 controls. We confirmed associations at three previously reported loci and identified additional loci in two other linkage disequilibrium blocks (rs1006908: per-allele OR = 0.

Identification of new genetic risk factors for prostate cancer.

There is evidence that a substantial part of genetic predisposition to prostate cancer (PCa) may be due to lower penetrance genes which are found by genome-wide association studies. We have recently conducted such a study and seven new regions of the genome linked to PCa risk have been identified. Three of these loci contain candidate susceptibility genes: MSMB, LMTK2 and KLK2/3.

Multiple newly identified loci associated with prostate cancer susceptibility.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer affecting males in developed countries. It shows consistent evidence of familial aggregation, but the causes of this aggregation are mostly unknown. To identify common alleles associated with prostate cancer risk, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using blood DNA samples from 1,854 individuals with clinically detected prostate cancer diagnosed at View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Primary uretero-iliac fistula: the unusual source of haematuria.

Uretero-iliac fistula is a rare cause of frank haematuria. The aetiology of such fistula is commonly iatrogenic. We present a unique case of a primary aorto-iliac fistula in the absence of an aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation.

Lung cancer treatment in New Zealand: physician's attitudes.

Aims: To determine treatment practices of New Zealand physicians who manage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: A questionnaire on the treatment of NSCLC was emailed to all respiratory physicians, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists in New Zealand. Respondents were asked to select the treatment they would offer in six lung cancer case scenarios.