Placental CpG methylation of infants born extremely preterm predicts cognitive impairment later in life.

Background: The placenta is the central regulator of maternal and fetal interactions. Perturbations of placental structure and function have been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes later in life. Placental CpG methylation represents an epigenetic modification with the potential to impact placental function, fetal development and child health later in life.

Effects of caffeine on intermittent hypoxia in infants born prematurely: a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Preterm infants have immature respiratory control and resulting intermittent hypoxia (IH). The extent of IH after stopping routine caffeine treatment and the potential for reducing IH with extended caffeine treatment are unknown.

Objectives: To determine (1) the frequency of IH in premature infants after discontinuation of routine caffeine treatment and (2) whether extending caffeine treatment to 40 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA) reduces IH.

Child food insecurity increases risks posed by household food insecurity to young children's health.

The US Food Security Scale (USFSS) measures household and child food insecurity (CFI) separately. Our goal was to determine whether CFI increases risks posed by household food insecurity (HFI) to child health and whether the Food Stamp Program (FSP) modifies these effects. From 1998 to 2004, 17,158 caregivers of children ages 36 mo were interviewed in six urban medical centers.

Use of self-report to predict ability to walk 400 meters in mobility-limited older adults.

Objectives: To determine whether the ability to walk 400 m could be predicted from self-reported walking habits and abilities in older adults and to develop an accurate self-report measure appropriate for observational trials of mobility when functional measures are impractical to collect.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: University-based human physiology laboratory.

Alcohol consumption and the prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in the US.: a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relations of alcohol consumption to the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its components in the U.S. population.

Validation of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument.

Objectives: To assess the concurrent and predictive validity of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI).

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: University-based human physiology laboratory.