The composition of the stent microbiome is associated with morbidity and adverse events during endoscopic drainage therapy of pancreatic necroses and pseudocysts.

Background: Development of pancreatic necroses or pseudocysts are typical complications of pancreatitis and may require endoscopic drainage therapy using metal or plastic stents. Microbial infection of these lesions poses a major challenge. So far, the composition and significance of the microbial colonization on drainage stents are largely unknown although it may impact outcomes during endoscopic drainage therapy.

Over-the-scope-clips versus standard treatment in high-risk patients with acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a randomised controlled trial (STING-2).

Objective: Acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) is managed by standard endoscopic combination therapy, but a few cases remain difficult and carry a high risk of persistent or recurrent bleeding. The aim of our study was to compare first-line over-the-scope-clips (OTSC) therapy with standard endoscopic treatment in these selected patients.

Design: We conducted a prospective, randomised, controlled, multicentre study (NCT03331224).

Metachronous carcinoma of the gastric tube following tumour-associated oesophagectomy.

Introduction: The prognosis of oesophageal carcinoma has improved during the last years. Thereby, the increasing survival has led to increasing occurrence of secondary gastric tube carcinoma (gastric conduit cancer, GTC) following oesophageal tumour resection.

Material And Patients: A literature review (EMBASE, PubMed), spanning the years 2000 to 2020, identified 342 patients worldwide with a GTC following tumour-related oesophagectomy, of which 306 patients could be included for further analysis.

Endoscopic management of complications of acute pancreatitis: an update on the field.

Acute pancreatitis is a frequent, nonmalignant gastrointestinal disorder leading to hospital admission. For its severe form and subsequent complications, minimally invasive and endoscopic procedures are being used increasingly, and are subject to rapid technical advances. Areas covered: Based on a systematic literature search in PubMed, medline, and Web-of-Science, we discuss the currently available treatment strategies for endoscopic therapy of pancreatic pseudocysts, walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WON), and disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome (DPDS), and compare the efficacy and safety of plastic and metal stents.

Effective treatment of benign biliary strictures with a removable, fully covered, self-expandable metal stent: A prospective, multicenter European study.

Background: Temporary placement of removable, fully covered, self-expandable metal stents (fcSEMS) for treatment of benign biliary strictures (BBS) has been reported to be effective. However, the optimal extraction time point remains unclear and stent migration has been a major concern.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this treatment modality using an fcSEMS with a special antimigration design and prolonged stent indwell time.

Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR guidance in thermal ablation of liver malignancies.

Objective: To evaluate the potency of Gd-EOB-DTPA to support hepatic catheter placement in laser ablation procedures by quantifying time-dependent delineation effects for instrumentation and target tumor within liver parenchyma. Monitoring potential influence on online MR thermometry during the ablation procedure is a secondary aim.

Materials And Methods: 30 cases of MR-guided laser ablation were performed after i.

PRFS-based MR thermometry versus an alternative T1 magnitude method--comparative performance predicting thermally induced necrosis in hepatic tumor ablation.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of a semi-quantitative proton resonance frequency shift (PRFS) thermal mapping interface and an alternative qualitative T1 thermometry model in predicting tissue necrosis in an established routine setting of MRI-guided laser ablation in the human liver.

Materials And Methods: 34 cases of PRFS-guided (GRE) laser ablation were retrospectively matched with 34 cases from an earlier patient population of 73 individuals being monitored through T1 magnitude image evaluation (FLASH 2D). The model-specific real-time estimation of necrotizing thermal impact (above 54 °C zone and T1 signal loss, respectively) was correlated in size with the resulting necrosis as shown by lack of enhancement on the first-day contrast exam (T1).

Pre-study protocol MagPEP: a multicentre randomized controlled trial of magnesium sulphate in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis is the most common complication of diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In spite of continuing research, no pharmacologic agent capable of effectively reducing the incidence of ERCP-induced pancreatitis has found its way into clinical practise. A number of experimental studies suggest that intrapancreatic calcium concentrations play an important role in the initiation of intracellular protease activation, an initiating step in the course of acute pancreatitis.

Clinical profile of autoimmune pancreatitis and its histological subtypes: an international multicenter survey.

Objective: The objective of this study was to clarify the clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and its subtypes (lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis [LPSP] and idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis [IDCP]) seen around the world.

Methods: An international multicenter survey of AIP was conducted in 15 institutes from 8 countries. We compared clinical and pathologic profiles of AIP (n = 731) and the clinical profiles of LPSP (n = 204) and IDCP (n = 64) patients.

[Chronic pancreatitis as a risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer--diagnostic challenges].

Patients with chronic pancreatitis are burdened with an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Strategies or guidelines for the surveillance and early detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in patients with chronic pancreatitis are not established, because available clinical, serologic or imaging techniques are still of limited sensitivity and specificity. Despite these limitations do patients with chronic pancreatitis and suspected pancreatic cancer need a careful and sometimes repeated diagnostic work-up.

Autoimmune pancreatitis.

Autoimmune pancreatitis is a rare systemic fibrotic inflammatory disorder that can affect organs such as the bile ducts, salivary glands, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes, in addition to the pancreas. Morphological characteristics of autoimmune pancreatitis include a diffusely enlarged 'sausage-shaped' pancreas and an irregularly narrowed duct of Wirsung. According to the revised Japan Pancreas Society criteria, the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis requires that one or more secondary serologic or histologic criteria are also met: the presence of autoantibodies, elevated levels of gamma-globulins, IgG or IgG(4), a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, or pancreatic fibrosis.

Overlap syndrome of autoimmune pancreatitis and cholangitis associated with secondary Sjögren's syndrome.

In approximately 25% of patients with acute or chronic pancreatitis the cause remains unclear. Despite progress in understanding so-called idiopathic pancreatitis, more diagnostic criteria are needed. We report on a patient who presented with jaundice, but without pain or fever.

Clinical relevance of CD95 (Fas/Apo-1) on T cells of patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Objective: Apoptosis mediated via CD95 (Fas/Apo-1) is a key regulator for the biology of normal and malignant lymphocytes. Although the function of CD95 on B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (B-CLL cells) has been studied intensively, the clinical importance of CD95 expression on normal T cells in B-CLL has not been clarified. This study aimed to investigate whether expression of CD95 on peripheral blood T cells correlates with clinically relevant parameters of B-CLL disease.