Why do family dementia caregivers reject caregiver support services? Analyzing types of rejection and associated health-impairments in a cluster-randomized controlled intervention trial.

Background: Although there are a number of support services accessible for most family dementia caregivers, many caregivers reject available and affordable support. Previous research suggests that rejections of support services may result from insufficient fit of available services with caregivers' unmet needs and a lack of acknowledgement of caregivers' unmet needs and associated support services. The present study investigates (a) the number, proportion and types of caregivers' rejection on recommended tailored support, (b) socio-demographic and clinical determinants of caregiver's rejection of both people with dementia (PwD) and caregivers, and (c) caregivers' health-related variables related to caregivers' rejection.

Who Benefits Most from Collaborative Dementia Care from a Patient and Payer Perspective? A Subgroup Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

Background: Dementia care management (DCM) aims to provide optimal treatment for people with dementia (PwD). Treatment and care needs are dependent on patients' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and thus, economic outcomes could depend on such characteristics.

Objective: To detect important subgroups that benefit most from DCM and for which a significant effect on cost, QALY, and the individual cost-effectiveness could be achieved.

Drug-Related Problems Increase Healthcare Costs for People Living with Dementia.

Background: Drug-related problems (DRP) are common in the elderly population, especially in people living with dementia (PwD). DRP are associated with adverse outcomes that could result in increased costs.

Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze the association between DRP and healthcare costs in PwD.

Cost-effectiveness of a collaborative dementia care management-Results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of collaborative dementia care management (DCM).

Methods: The cost-effectiveness analysis was based on the data of 444 patients of a cluster-randomized, controlled trial, conceptualized to evaluate a collaborative DCM that aimed to optimize treatment and care in dementia. Health-care resource use, costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and incremental cost per QALY gained were measured over a 24-month time horizon.

Comorbidity in Dementia Diseases and Associated Health Care Resources Utilization and Cost.

Background: People with dementia (PwD) suffer from coexisting medical conditions, creating complex clinical challenges and increasing the risk of poor outcomes, which could be associated with high healthcare cost.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of comorbidity in PwD and to analyze the association between comorbidity in dementia diseases and healthcare costs from a payer's perspective.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis was based on n = 362 PwD of the DelpHi-MV trial (Dementia: Life-and person-centered help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania).

Identifying Unmet Needs of Family Dementia Caregivers: Results of the Baseline Assessment of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Intervention Trial.

Background: Caregivers providing informal care for people with dementia (PwD) often report unmet needs, burden, and health impairments. Optimal support for family dementia caregivers will likely benefit from better understanding and assessment of the prevalence and types of caregivers' unmet needs and associated socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.

Objective: The present study investigates 1) the number and types of caregivers' unmet needs, 2) socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of both PwD and caregivers, and 3) caregivers' burden and health-related outcomes that are related to caregivers' unmet needs.

The Clock Drawing Test: A Reasonable Instrument to Assess Probable Dementia in Primary Care?

Objective: The primary aim of the study was to determine accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in detecting probable dementia as compared to the multi-domain dementia screening test DemTect.

Methods: The sample was derived from the general practitioner (GP)-based, cluster-randomized controlled intervention trial DelpHi-MV (Dementia: life- and person-centered help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania). Selected from 6.

Patient Variables Associated with the Assignment of a Formal Dementia Diagnosis to Positively Screened Primary Care Patients.

Background: Main objective was to analyze the associations of patient variables (depression, quality of life, anti-dementia drug treatment, knowledge about dementia) with the assignment of a formal diagnosis of dementia to community-dwelling primary care patients who have screened positive for dementia.

Methods: DelpHi-MV (Dementia: life- and person-centered help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) is a general practitioner based randomized controlled intervention trial. Present analyses are based on cross-sectional data of 319 positively screened patients (age 70+, living at home) who had not been formally diagnosed with dementia before the screening.

Effectiveness and Safety of Dementia Care Management in Primary Care: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Dementia care management (DCM) can increase the quality of care for people with dementia. Methodologically rigorous clinical trials on DCM are lacking.

Objective: To test the effectiveness and safety of DCM in the treatment and care of people with dementia living at home and caregiver burden (when available).

Healthcare utilization and costs in primary care patients with dementia: baseline results of the DelpHi-trial.

The objectives of this cross-sectional analysis were to determine healthcare resource utilization and cost for community-dwelling patients with dementia (PWD) from a payer's and societal perspective, and to analyze the associations between costs and sociodemographic and clinical variables. Analysis of healthcare costs from a payer's perspective was based on a sample of 425 PWD, analysis of healthcare costs from societal perspective on a subsample of 254 PWD and their informal caregivers. Frequency of healthcare resource utilization was assessed by means of questionnaires.

Potentially Inappropriate Medication in Community-Dwelling Primary Care Patients who were Screened Positive for Dementia.

Background: Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) in older people is a risk factor for adverse drug effects. This risk is even higher in older people with dementia (PWD).

Objective: Our study aimed to determine (1) the prevalence of PIM among primary care patients who were screened positive for dementia and (2) the sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with the use of PIM.

Relatives' burden of caring for people screened positive for dementia in primary care : Results of the DelpHi study.

Background: There is a lack of data describing caregiver burden in primary care where most (informal) caregiving is provided.

Objective: The aims of the paper are to describe the burden of people caring for persons with dementia (PWD) in primary care in multiple dimensions and to analyze factors associated with specific dimensions of caregiver burden.

Material And Methods: Analyses are based on cross-sectional data of the general physician-based, cluster-randomized, controlled intervention trial DelpHi-MV (Dementia: life and person-centered help).

Subjective memory impairment: No suitable criteria for case-finding of dementia in primary care.

Introduction: Subjective memory impairment (SMI) might be used for the case-finding of dementia. Present analyses aim to determine the diagnostic value and the predictive ability of SMI and related worries for the discrimination of patients screened positive or negative for dementia.

Methods: The analyses are based on data derived from the ongoing German general practioner (GP)-based, randomized controlled trial DelpHi-MV.

Systematic, early identification of dementia and dementia care management are highly appreciated by general physicians in primary care - results within a cluster-randomized-controlled trial (DelpHi).

Background: There is evidence about the benefits of early detection of dementia and subsequent provision of adequate treatment and care. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the acceptance of detection and intervention procedures. These analyses describe the attitudes of general physicians [GPs] toward 1) dementia in general, 2) systematic detection of people with dementia, and 3) an intervention approach after they have experienced both.

Community-Dwelling People Screened Positive for Dementia in Primary Care: A Comprehensive, Multivariate Descriptive Analysis Using Data from the DelpHi-Study.

Background: Efficient help and care for people with dementia (PWD) is dependent on knowledge about PWD in primary care.

Objective: This analysis comprehensively describes community-dwelling PWD in primary care with respect to various dementia care specific variables.

Methods: The analyses are based on baseline data of the ongoing general practitioner-based, randomized, controlled intervention trial DelpHi-MV (Dementia: life- and person-centered help).

Living Alone with Dementia: Prevalence, Correlates and the Utilization of Health and Nursing Care Services.

Background: Little is known about the proportion and the characteristics of community-dwelling people with dementia (PWD) living alone in Germany.

Objectives: To analyze the prevalence of PWD living alone (with and without the support of an informal caregiver) and socio-demographical and clinical characteristics as well as health and nursing care utilization associated with living alone.

Methods: DelpHi-MV (Dementia: Life- and person-centered help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) is a general practitioner-based, randomized controlled intervention trial.

Unmet Needs of Community-Dwelling Primary Care Patients with Dementia in Germany: Prevalence and Correlates.

Background: To provide an optimal care for persons with dementia (PWD), their individual unmet needs have to be identified and comprehensively addressed.

Objectives: Present analyses aim to describe the number and types of unmet needs of German primary care patients screened positive for dementia and factors associated with the number of unmet needs.

Methods: DelpHi-MV (Dementia: life- and person-centered help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) is a general practitioner-based, cluster-randomized controlled intervention trial.

Depressive symptoms and depression in people screened positive for dementia in primary care - results of the DelpHi-study.

Background: Dementia and depression are common syndromes in the elderly. There is lack of knowledge concerning the frequency of depressive symptoms in people with dementia (PWD) and factors associated with depression. The aim of this analysis is to (a) describe the frequency of depressive symptoms in people screened positive for dementia, (b) describe differences between PWD with and without depressive symptoms, and (c) analyze associations between depressive symptoms and other dementia-related variables.

Economic Analysis of Formal Care, Informal Care, and Productivity Losses in Primary Care Patients who Screened Positive for Dementia in Germany.

Background: The majority of people with dementia (PwD) live at home and require professional formal care and informal care that is generally provided by close relatives.

Objective: To determine the utilization and costs of formal and informal care for PwD, indirect costs because of productivity losses of caregivers, and the associations between cost, socio-demographic and clinical variables.

Methods: The analysis includes the data of 262 community-dwelling PwD and their caregivers.

Healthcare resource utilization and cost in dementia: are there differences between patients screened positive for dementia with and those without a formal diagnosis of dementia in primary care in Germany? - ERRATUM.

In the above mentioned article by Michalowsky et al., Johannes Hertel was mistakenly omitted from the authorship list. This error has been corrected in the print, PDF and HTML versions of the original article.

Healthcare resource utilization and cost in dementia: are there differences between patients screened positive for dementia with and those without a formal diagnosis of dementia in primary care in Germany?

Background: It is well-known that dementia is undiagnosed, resulting in the exclusion of patients without a formal diagnosis of dementia in many studies. Objectives of the present analyses were (1) to determine healthcare resource utilization and (2) costs of patients screened positive for dementia with a formal diagnosis and those without a formal diagnosis of dementia, and (3) to analyze the association between having received a formal dementia diagnosis and healthcare costs.

Method: This analysis is based on 240 primary care patients who screened positive for dementia.

Qualifications for nurses for the care of patients with dementia and support to their caregivers: A pilot evaluation of the dementia care management curriculum.

Background: A substantial increase of people with dementia (PwD) is predicted for the future. Nurses are taking over important tasks to support PwD, which requires a specialized qualification.

Objectives: The aim was to identify points for revision and to further improve the Dementia Care Manager (DCM) curriculum as a basis for probable qualification of nurses caring for PwD.

Burden of Behavioral and Psychiatric Symptoms in People Screened Positive for Dementia in Primary Care: Results of the DelpHi-Study.

Background: There is limited knowledge about the range and effects of neuropsychiatric symptoms shown by persons with dementia (PWD) living in the community and their related caregiver burden.

Objective: To examine neuropsychiatric symptoms in PWD in primary care with regard to frequency, severity, and burden to caregiver; to compare PWD with and without symptoms with regard to sociodemographics, care-related, and disease-related variables; and to identify variables associated with symptoms.

Methods: A general physician-based epidemiological cohort of 248 people screened positive for dementia over the age of 70 (living at home) and their caregivers, was assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Interview (NPI), sociodemographics, and disease-related variables.

Rates of formal diagnosis of dementia in primary care: The effect of screening.

Background: Screening could improve recognition of dementia in primary care. We sought to determine the effect of screening for dementia in primary care practices on the formal diagnosis rate; the distribution of differential diagnoses; and the factors associated with receiving a formal diagnosis.

Methods: The "Dementia: life- and person-centered help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania" is an ongoing general practitioner (GP)-based, randomized, controlled intervention trial.