Higher Cancer Mortality in Rural Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Patients.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate differences in the stage at presentation and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) between rural area (RA) and urban area (UA) residence status in nonmetastatic upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients.

Methods: Newly diagnosed T1-3N0M0 UTUC patients with available residence status were abstracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2016). Propensity score (PS) matching (1 RA vs.

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Tumor Characteristics and Treatments in Favorable and Unfavorable Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: We hypothesized that differences in active treatment rates may exist according to race/ethnicity in favorable as well as unfavorable intermediate risk prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: We relied on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database 2010-2015. We stratified according to 3 racial/ethnic groups (White vs Black vs Hispanic) and prostate cancer baseline characteristics (prostate specific antigen, clinical T stage, Gleason group grading, percentage of biopsy cores).

Tumor Stage and Substage Predict Cancer-specific Mortality After Nephrectomy for Nonmetastatic Renal Cancer: Histological Subtype-specific Validation.

Background: For patients with nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma (nmRCC) treated with nephrectomy, prediction of cancer-specific mortality (CSM) by T stage and substage has not been validated for the separate histological subtypes.

Objective: To investigate the ability of pathological T stage and substage to predict CSM for patients with clear-cell, papillary, or chromophobe nmRCC treated with nephrectomy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Using the SEER database for 2004-2016, we identified 87 149 patients with T1-4 N0/X M0 nmRCC treated with nephrectomy for the clear-cell (65 715; 75.

Race/Ethnicity Determines Life Expectancy in Surgically Treated T1aN0M0 Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients.

Background: Life expectancy (LE) is an important consideration in the clinical decision-making for T1aN0M0 renal cell cancer (RCC) patients.

Objective: To test the effect of race/ethnicity (Caucasian, African American, Hispanic/Latino, and Asian) on LE predictions from Social Security Administration (SSA) life tables in male and female T1aN0M0 RCC patients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We relied on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Sex- and Age-Related Differences in the Distribution of Metastases in Patients With Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: The distribution of metastatic sites in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is not well-known. Consequently, the effects of sex and age on the location of metastases is also unknown. This study sought to investigate age- and sex-related differences in the distribution of metastases in patients with UTUC.

Sex-Related Differences Include Stage, Histology, and Survival in Urethral Cancer Patients.

Purpose: To test the effect of sex on histologic subtype, stage at presentation, treatment, and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in urethral cancer.

Patients And Methods: We identified urethral cancer patients within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry (2004-2016). After matching for tumor and patient characteristics, cumulative incidence plots and multivariable competing risks regression models, adjusted for other-cause mortality, tested CSM according to sex.

Ga-PSMA-11 Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Primary Lymph Node Staging Before Radical Prostatectomy: Central Review of Imaging and Comparison with Histopathology of Extended Lymphadenectomy.

Background: Results from prospective trials have shown higher accuracy of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in detection of lymph node metastasis (LNM) compared to conventional imaging.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for LNM detection in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND).

Design, Setting, And Participants: Between June 2014 and November 2020, 96 patients with Ga-PSMA PET/CT for primary staging underwent RP and extended PLND.

[Quality criteria in urology : How to obtain comparable results?].

The standardization of procedural flow and medical documentation increasingly allows further possibilities. The best-known example of process standardization is the centralized treatment of complex clinical pictures, while patient-reported outcome measurements (PROMs) enable standardized documentation. Using the example of prostate cancer, existing literature on the topic of quality optimization in medicine is discussed.

Oncological outcomes of salvage radical prostatectomy for recurrent prostate cancer in the contemporary era: A multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Salvage radical prostatectomy (sRP) historically yields poor functional outcomes and high complication rates. However, recent reports on robotic sRP show improved results. Our objectives were to evaluate sRP oncological outcomes and predictors of positive margins and biochemical recurrence (BCR).

A Systematic Review of Focal Ablative Therapy for Clinically Localised Prostate Cancer in Comparison with Standard Management Options: Limitations of the Available Evidence and Recommendations for Clinical Practice and Further Research.

Context: The clinical effectiveness of focal therapy (FT) for localised prostate cancer (PCa) remains controversial.

Objective: To analyse the evidence base for primary FT for localised PCa via a systematic review (SR) to formulate clinical practice recommendations.

Evidence Acquisition: A protocol-driven, PRISMA-adhering SR comparing primary FT (sub-total, focal, hemi-gland, or partial ablation) versus standard options (active surveillance [AS], radical prostatectomy [RP], or external beam radiotherapy [EBRT]) was undertaken.

CHD1 loss negatively influences metastasis-free survival in R0-resected prostate cancer patients and promotes spontaneous metastasis in vivo.

The outcome of prostate cancer (PCa) patients is highly variable and depends on whether or not distant metastases occur. Multiple chromosomal deletions have been linked to early tumor marker PSA recurrence (biochemical relapse, BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP), but their potential role for distant metastasis formation is largely unknown. Here, we specifically analyzed whether deletion of the tumor suppressor CHD1 (5q21) influences the post-surgical risk of distant metastasis and whether CHD1 loss directly contributes to metastasis formation in vivo.

Circulating Vitamin D and Selenium Levels and Outcome in Prostate Cancer Patients: Lessons from the MARTINI-Lifestyle Cohort.

Background: Dietary agents, in particular vitamin D (Vit D) and selenium, are widely used by prostate cancer (PCa) patients to improve cancer outcomes.

Objective: To investigate whether plasma Vit D and selenium levels prior to radical prostatectomy (RP) are associated with worse pathologic tumor characteristics and increased risk of disease recurrence.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A total of 3849 men with PCa scheduled for RP in the Martini-Klinik at the University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, between January 2014 and December 2018 were included in this study.

Differential prognostic impact of different Gleason patterns in grade group 4 in radical prostatectomy specimens.

Introduction: There are questions regarding whether grade group (GG) 4 prostate cancer (PC) is heterogeneous in terms of prognosis. We assessed prognostic differences in PC patients within GG 4 treated with radical prostatectomy (RP).

Material And Methods: Biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival were analyzed in 787 PC patients with GG 4 based on RP pathology (Gleason score (GS) 3 + 5: 189, GS 4 + 4: 500, and GS 5 + 3: 98).

Improving the Stratification of Patients With Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer.

Background: Intermediate-risk prostate cancer (IR PCa) phenotypes may vary from favorable to unfavorable. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) criteria help distinguish between those groups. We studied and attempted to improve this stratification.

Upper Urinary Tract Tumors: Variant Histology Versus Urothelial Carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate stage at presentation and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in upper urinary tract tumors according to histologic subtype.

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry (SEER, 2004-2016), we identified patients with upper urinary tract tumors with pure variant histology (UTVH) and pure upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Cumulative incidence plots, after propensity score matching for tumor and patient characteristics, addressed CSM.

A Systematic Review of the Emerging Role of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: Will Combination Strategies Improve Efficacy?

Context: The role of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) in the treatment of prostate cancer (PC) still remains elusive. It has been proposed that combination of ICI with other molecules increases the efficacy of immunotherapy in PC.

Objective: To systematically review the literature to assess the potential role of ICI in combination with additional therapies for the management of metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC).

Bladder cancer stage and mortality: urban vs. rural residency.

Objective: Relative to urban populations, rural patients may have more limited access to care, which may undermine timely bladder cancer (BCa) diagnosis and even survival.

Methods: We tested the effect of residency status (rural areas [RA < 2500 inhabitants] vs. urban clusters [UC ≥ 2500 inhabitants] vs.

EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer-2020 Update. Part 1: Screening, Diagnosis, and Local Treatment with Curative Intent.

Objective: To present a summary of the 2020 version of the European Association of Urology (EAU)-European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)-European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO)-European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR)-International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) guidelines on screening, diagnosis, and local treatment of clinically localised prostate cancer (PCa).

Evidence Acquisition: The panel performed a literature review of new data, covering the time frame between 2016 and 2020. The guidelines were updated and a strength rating for each recommendation was added based on a systematic review of the evidence.

Differences between rural and urban prostate cancer patients.

Background: We hypothesized that the residency status (rural area [RA] vs urban clusters [UC] vs urban areas [UA]) affects stage and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in contemporary newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) patients of all stages, regardless of treatment.

Methods: Newly diagnosed PCa patients with available residency status were abstracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2016). Propensity-score (PS) matching, cumulative incidence plots, multivariate competing-risks regression (CRR) models were used.

Contemporary role of palliative cystoprostatectomy or pelvic exenteration in advanced symptomatic prostate cancer.

Objective: To access the feasibility of palliative cystoprostatectomy/pelvic exenteration in patients with bladder/rectal invasion due to prostate cancer (PC).

Patients And Methods: Twenty-five men with cT4 PC were retrospectively identified in the institutional databases of six tertiary referral centers in the last decade. Local invasion was documented by CT or MRI scans and was confirmed by urethrocystoscopy.