Microbiome-Mediated Strategies to Manage Major Soil-Borne Diseases of Tomato.

The tomato ( L.) is consumed globally as a fresh vegetable due to its high nutritional value and antioxidant properties. However, soil-borne diseases can severely limit tomato production.

Genotyping-by-Sequencing Reveals Population Differentiation and Linkage Disequilibrium in from Tomato.

is an economically important foliar pathogen that causes early blight disease in tomatoes. Understanding genetic diversity, population genetic structure, and evolutionary potential is crucial to contemplating effective disease management strategies. We leveraged genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology to compare genome-wide variation in 124 isolates of spp.

Molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci for resistance to early blight in tomatoes.

Early blight (EB), caused by (Neerg.) (syn. ) Simmons, is a disease that affects tomatoes ( L.

RNA-Seq and Gene Regulatory Network Analyses Uncover Candidate Genes in the Early Defense to Two Hemibiotrophic spp. in Strawberry.

Two hemibiotrophic pathogens, (Ca) and . (Cg), cause anthracnose fruit rot and anthracnose crown rot in strawberry ( × Duchesne), respectively. Both Ca and Cg can initially infect through a brief biotrophic phase, which is associated with the production of intracellular primary hyphae that can infect host cells without causing cell death and establishing hemibiotrophic infection (HBI) or quiescent (latent infections) in leaf tissues.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Alternaria species from tomato and potato in North Carolina and Wisconsin.

Early blight (EB) caused by Alternaria linariae or Alternaria solani and leaf blight (LB) caused by A. alternata are economically important diseases of tomato and potato. Little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure of these pathogens in the United States.

Comparative Genome Analyses of 18 Tomato Isolates Reveals Phylogenetic and Race Specific Signatures.

Host resistance is one of the few strategies available to combat the soil borne pathogenic fungus Understanding pathogen diversity in populations is key to successfully deploying host resistance. In this study the genomes of 18 isolates of races 1 ( = 2), 2 ( = 4), and 3 ( = 12) from Japan, California, and North Carolina were sequenced and mapped to the reference genome of JR2 (from tomato). The genomes were analyzed for phylogenetic and pathogen specific signatures to classify specific strains or genes for future research.

, a Major Threat to Tomato Production: Current Status and Future Prospects for Its Management.

The guava root-knot nematode, (Syn. ), is an emerging pathogen to many crops in the world. This nematode can cause chlorosis, stunting, and reduce yields associated with the induction of many root galls on host plants.

Opportunities and Challenges in Studies of Host-Pathogen Interactions and Management of in Tomatoes.

Tomatoes ( L.) are a valuable horticultural crop that are grown and consumed worldwide. Optimal production is hindered by several factors, among which , the cause of Verticillium wilt, is considered a major biological constraint in temperate production regions.

Pathogenomics Characterization of an Emerging Fungal Pathogen, f. sp. in Greenhouse Tomato Production Systems.

In recent years, greenhouse-grown tomato () plants showing vascular wilt and yellowing symptoms have been observed between 2015 and 2018 in North Carolina (NC) and considered as an emerging threat to profitability. In total, 38 putative isolates were collected from symptomatic tomatoes in 12 grower greenhouses and characterized to infer pathogenic and genomic diversity, and mating-type () idiomorphs distribution. Morphology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) markers confirmed that all isolates were f.

Gene Genealogies Reveal High Nucleotide Diversity and Admixture Haplotypes Within Three Species Associated with Tomato and Potato.

Early blight (EB) and leaf blight are two destructive diseases of tomato in North Carolina (NC), caused by and , respectively. During the last decade, EB caused by has increased in potato-producing areas in Wisconsin (WI). We collected 152 isolates of three spp.

Advances and Challenges in Bacterial Spot Resistance Breeding in Tomato ( L.).

Bacterial spot is a serious disease of tomato caused by at least four species of . These include (race T1), (race T2), (races T3 and T4), and with the distinct geographical distribution of each group. Currently, and are two major bacterial pathogens of tomato in North America, with (race T4) dominating in east-coast while dominating in the Midwest.

Assessing Rate-Reducing Foliar Resistance to Anthracnose Crown Rot and Fruit Rot in Strawberry.

Anthracnose fruit rot and anthracnose crown rot (ACR) caused by two species complexes of the fungus referred to as and , respectively, are major pathogens of strawberry in North Carolina. Anthracnose epidemics are common when susceptible cultivars and asymptomatic planting stocks carrying quiescent infection or hemibiotrophic infection (HBI) are planted. The main objective of this study was to assess resistance to HBI and ACR in strawberry.

Phenotypic and Genetic Diversity of Populations from Tomato in North Carolina.

Bacterial spot caused by spp. is one of the most devastating diseases of tomato in North Carolina (NC). In total, 290 strains of spp.

Inheritance of Resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. acutatum in Strawberry.

Information on the inheritance of resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. acutatum hemibiotrophic infections (HBI) in strawberry leaf tissue and the genetic control of anthracnose crown rot (ACR) in crown tissue are relatively unknown. Six parental genotypes were crossed in a half-diallel mating design to generate 15 full-sib families.

A New Map Location of Gene for Resistance to Septoria Tritici Blotch in Wheat.

Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by (synonym: ; asexual stage: ), is an important disease of wheat worldwide. Management of the disease usually is by host resistance or fungicides. However, has developed insensitivity to most commonly applied fungicides so there is a continuing need for well-characterized sources of host resistance to accelerate the development of improved wheat cultivars.

Genome-wide association study reveals novel quantitative trait Loci associated with resistance to multiple leaf spot diseases of spring wheat.

Accelerated wheat development and deployment of high-yielding, climate resilient, and disease resistant cultivars can contribute to enhanced food security and sustainable intensification. To facilitate gene discovery, we assembled an association mapping panel of 528 spring wheat landraces of diverse geographic origin for a genome-wide association study (GWAS). All accessions were genotyped using an Illumina Infinium 9K wheat single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip and 4781 polymorphic SNPs were used for analysis.

Phenotypic and Molecular Diversity of Cochliobolus sativus Populations from Wheat.

Spot blotch, caused by Cochliobolus sativus, is a devastating foliar disease of wheat in Nepal and in the Northern Great Plains of the United States. However, limited information on variation in virulence and genetic structure of C. sativus from wheat is available.

Pathogenic and genetic diversity of Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa in North Dakota.

Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa, has become more prevalent recently in North Dakota and neighboring states. From five locations in North Dakota, 226 strains of X.

A Two-Step Molecular Detection Method for Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Isolates Insensitive to QoI Fungicides.

Tan spot, caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is an important disease of wheat worldwide. To manage tan spot, quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides such as azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin have been applied in many countries. QoI fungicides target the cytochrome b (cyt b) site in complex III of mitochondria and, thus, pose a serious risk for resistance development.

Genetic differentiation at microsatellite loci among populations of Mycosphaerella graminicola from California, Indiana, Kansas, and North Dakota.

Mycosphaerella graminicola causes Septoria tritici blotch (STB) in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and is considered one of the most devastating pathogens of that crop in the United States. Although the genetic structures of M. graminicola populations from different countries have been analyzed using various molecular markers, relatively little is known about M.

Trichothecene profiling and population genetic analysis of Gibberella zeae from barley in North Dakota and Minnesota.

Gibberella zeae, the principal cause of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of barley, contaminates grains with several mycotoxins, which creates a serious problem for the malting barley industry in the United States, China, and Europe. However, limited studies have been conducted on the trichothecene profiles and population genetic structure of G. zeae isolates collected from barley in the United States.

Identification and Characterization of Novel Isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis from Arkansas.

Tan spot, caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is an important foliar disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) worldwide. In a preliminary study, P. tritici-repentis isolates from Arkansas were shown to vary in virulence relative to isolates from other regions of the United States.

Tsn1-mediated host responses to ToxA from Pyrenophora tritici-repentis.

The toxin sensitivity gene Tsn1 interacts with Ptr ToxA (ToxA), a host-selective toxin produced by the necrotrophic fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. The molecular mechanisms associated with cell death in sensitive wheat cultivars following ToxA application are not well understood. To address this question, we used the Affymetrix GeneChip Wheat Genome Array to compare gene expression in a sensitive wheat cultivar possessing the Tsn1 gene with the insensitive wheat cv.

Molecular Mapping of the Stb4 Gene for Resistance to Septoria tritici Blotch in Wheat.

ABSTRACT Breeding wheat for resistance is the most effective means to control Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the ascomycete Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph Septoria tritici). At least eight genes that confer resistance to STB in wheat have been identified. Among them, the Stb4 locus from the wheat cv.