Background: Currently, there are limited means for high-resolution monitoring of tissue injury during radiofrequency ablation procedures.
Objective: To develop the next generation of visualization catheters that can reveal irreversible atrial muscle damage caused by ablation and identify viability gaps between the lesions.
Methods: Radiofrequency lesions were placed on the endocardial surfaces of excised human and bovine atria and left ventricles of blood perfused rat hearts.