Ultrasound-guided transuterine coil embolization of a Vein of Galen malformation.

Vein of Galen malformations (VOGMs) are rare and complex congenital vascular anomalies that can lead to severe morbidity and mortality. Management predominantly focuses on postnatal endovascular interventions. However, these may not be feasible for fetuses with hemodynamic instability and high-output cardiac failure and may fail to prevent irreversible brain damage induced by prolonged compression by the venous varix, hemodynamic alterations and resultant potential ischemic injury.

The learning curve and outcomes of 1038 endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal pituitary tumor surgeries - A single surgical team experience.

Background: Pituitary adenomas rank third among adult intracranial tumors, with an incidence of 3.9- 7.4 cases/per 100,000 annually.

Microsurgical Treatment of Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: A Collaborative Investigation From the Multicenter Consortium for Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Outcomes Research.

Background And Objectives: First-line therapy for most intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) is endovascular embolization, but some require microsurgical ligation due to limited endovascular accessibility, anticipated lower cure rates, or unacceptable risk profiles. We investigated the most common surgically treated dAVF locations and the approaches and outcomes of each.

Methods: The Consortium for Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Outcomes Research database was retrospectively reviewed.

Surgically treated brain metastases of gastric origin: a case series and systematic review.

Background: The incidence of brain metastases from gastric origin is less than 1% in those with primary gastric cancer. Given this exceedingly rare presentation, there is limited literature describing the outcomes of their neurosurgical treatment. We wish to identify the role of surgical intervention for brain lesions in metastatic gastric cancer via institutional case series and systematic review.

Recurrence of atypical and anaplastic intracranial Meningiomas: A meta-analysis of risk factors.

Background: The predictive role of multiple risk factors for intracranial atypical and anaplastic meningioma recurrence is convoluted. This meta-analysis assessed the predictive value of selected factors for recurrence in these Meningiomas.

Methods: Studies encompassing risk factor data including gross total resection (GTR), subtotal resection (STR), post-op radiotherapy, Ki-67 % index >3 %, and location were searched for in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, and thereafter analyzed using robust Bayesian meta-analysis.

Clinical Outcomes of Arteriovenous Fistula Treatment Using the Penumbra SMART COIL System: A Subgroup Analysis from the Multicenter SMART Registry.

Background: Endovascular embolization procedures are typically the primary treatment modality for arteriovenous fistula (AVF). The objective of this subset analysis was to evaluate the prospective long-term clinical outcomes of AVF patients treated with the SMART COIL System.

Methods: Patients who had AVFs and underwent endovascular coiling using the Penumbra SMART COIL system were part of a subset analysis within the SMART registry.

Thyroid storm triggered by thyroid nodule fine needle aspiration biopsy: a case report.

Background: Thyroid storm is a potentially fatal thyrotoxicosis triggered by an event, such as manipulation of the thyroid gland, acute iodine load, trauma, or infection. Prior to deciding on fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, patients who have been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism or low thyroid stimulating hormone and multinodular goiter (MNG) should be imaged via radionuclide thyroid scan.

Case Description: We present a case of a 62-year-old female patient with history of MNG, who had thyrotoxicosis on presentation due to medication noncompliance and was found to have Graves' disease.

Balloon-mounted covered stent as endovascular management of a traumatic cervical internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm in a 23-year-old: a case report.

Background: Distal cervical internal carotid artery (cICA) pseudoaneurysms are uncommon. They may lead to thromboembolic or hemorrhagic complications, especially in young adults. We report one of the first cases in the literature regarding the management via PK Papyrus (Biotronik, Lake Oswego, Oregon, USA) balloon-mounted covered stent of a 23-year-old male with an enlarging cervical carotid artery pseudoaneurysm and progressive internal carotid artery stenosis.

Neurological Surgery Residency Programs in the United States: A National Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background And Objectives: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has approved 117 neurological surgery residency programs which develop and educate neurosurgical trainees. We present the current landscape of neurosurgical training in the United States by examining multiple aspects of neurological surgery residencies in the 2022-2023 academic year and investigate the impact of program structure on resident academic productivity.

Methods: Demographic data were collected from publicly available websites and reports from the National Resident Match Program.

Thrombosed orbital varix of the inferior ophthalmic vein: A rare cause of acute unilateral proptosis.

Background: Orbital varices are rare, accounting for only 0-1.3% of orbital masses. They can be found incidentally or cause mild to serious sequelae, including hemorrhage and optic nerve compression.

Malignant Transformation of an Intracranial Epidermoid Cyst 25 Years After Initial Surgery: A Case Report and Systematic Review.

Objective: We report a unique case of a suspected recurrent intracranial epidermoid cyst (EDC) that was found on pathology to have undergone malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) approximately 25 years after initial resection. Additionally, we performed a systematic review including 94 studies reporting intracranial EDC to SCC transformation.

Methods: Ninety-four studies were included in our systematic review.

Development of an enhanced recovery protocol after laser ablation surgery protocol: a preliminary analysis.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs are a model of care that aim to improve patient outcomes, reduce complications, and facilitate recovery while reducing healthcare-associated costs and admission length. While such programs have been developed in other surgical subspecialties, there have yet to be guidelines published specifically for laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT). Here we describe the first multidisciplinary ERAS preliminary protocol for LITT for the treatment of brain tumors.

The Role of Social Media in Strabismus Surgical Experience.

Purpose: To understand patients' strabismus surgery experience, including its impact on patients' appearance and psychosocial factors such as anxiety and depression, via trends on popular social media platforms.

Methods: TikTok and Instagram were searched for the following post hashtags: "#strabismus," "#strabismussurgery," "#crosseyed," and "#lazyeye." Data regarding date of post, username, gender, city, state, United States or international location, surgical status (preoperative, perioperative, or postoperative), tone (positive or negative), place of treatment, type of post (photo or video), number of likes/views, and number of followers were recorded for statistical analysis.

Intraocular Lens Exchange: Indications, Comparative Outcomes by Technique, and Complications.

Purpose: To describe the indications, outcomes, and complications associated with intraocular lens (IOL) exchange.

Patients And Methods: To determine the relative frequency of postoperative complications between techniques for all patients undergoing IOL exchange from May 1, 2014 through August 31, 2020.

Results: IOL exchange was performed in 511 eyes of 489 patients (59.

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome in the setting of COVID-19 infection.

To report a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) in a 27-year-old male 2 weeks proceeding COVID-19 infection onset. Severe complications of VKH can be avoided by early diagnosis and adequate treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. It is possible that COVID-19 was a potential immunological trigger of VKH in our patient.

Surgically Treated Brain Metastases from Uterine Origin: A Case Series and Systematic Review.

Objective: We aimed to describe our institutional case series of 9 surgically treated uterine brain metastases and perform a survival analysis through a systematic review and a pooled individual patient data study.

Methods: This study was divided into 2 sections: 1) a retrospective, single center patient series assessing outcomes of neurosurgical treatment modalities in patients with malignancy arising in the uterus with brain metastases and 2) a systematic review of the literature between 1980 and 2021 regarding treatment outcomes of individual patients with intracranial metastasis of uterine origin. Pooled cohort survival analysis was done via univariate and Cox regression multivariable analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves.

Frontal lobe low-grade tumors seizure outcome: a pooled analysis of clinical predictors.

Objective: Seizures present in 50-90 % of cases with low-grade brain tumors. Frontal lobe epilepsy is associated with dismal seizure outcomes compared to temporal lobe epilepsy. Our objective is to conduct a systematic review, report our case series, and perform a pooled analysis of clinical predictors of seizure outcomes in frontal lobe low-grade brain tumors.

Safety of the utilization of telemedicine for brain tumor neurosurgery follow-up.

Background: There is a need to evaluate the outcomes of patients who underwent brain tumor surgery with subsequent telemedicine or in-person follow-up during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We retrospectively included all patients who underwent surgery for brain tumor resection by a single neurosurgeon at our Institution from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions (March 2020) to August 2021. Outcomes were assessed by stratifying the patients using their preference for follow-up method (telemedicine or in-person).

Surgical Approaches to Thalamic Gliomas: A Systematic Review.

Background: Adult thalamic gliomas (ATGs) present a surgical challenge given their depth and proximity to eloquent brain regions. Choosing a surgical approach relies on different clinical variables such as anatomical location and size of the tumor. However, conclusive data regarding how these variables influence the balance between extent of resection and complications are lacking.

Intraoperative 5-ALA fluorescence-guided resection of high-grade glioma leads to greater extent of resection with better outcomes: a systematic review.

Importance: High-grade gliomas (HGG) are the most aggressive and common malignant brain tumors in adults. They have a dismally fatal prognosis. Even if gross total resection of the enhancing tumor is achieved, inevitably, invading tumor cells that are indistinguishable to the un-aided eye are left behind, which eventually leads to tumor recurrence.

Potential benefit of treatment with MEK inhibitors and chemotherapy in BRAF-mutated KRAS wild-type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients: a case report.

This is the first case report of a 60-yr-old female who underwent therapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer with fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX). Upon the progression of her disease, she was switched to gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. Per genomic sequencing, her tumor was found to be a KRAS wild-type and BRAF V600E mutation, which then warranted treatment with the MEK1 and MEK2 inhibitor, cobimetinib.

NIH funding trends for neurosurgeon-scientists from 1993-2017: Biomedical workforce implications for neurooncology.

Introduction: Neurosurgeons represent 0.5% of all physicians and currently face a high burden of disease. Physician-scientists are essential to advance the mission of National Academies of Science (NAS) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) through discovery and bench to bedside translation.