First-in-Human Evaluation of Oral Denatonium Acetate (ARD-101), a Potential Bitter Taste Receptor Agonist: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 1 Trial in Healthy Adults.

Preclinical studies in animal models of obesity and inflammation have shown that oral administration of ARD-101, a potential TAS2R agonist, reduced food intake and body weight and downregulated inflammatory cytokines. We present results from a first-in-human phase 1 randomized, placebo-controlled trial that evaluated safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single or multiple ascending doses of oral ARD-101 (40, 100, and 240 mg) in healthy adults. A total of 43 subjects were randomly assigned and dosed to ARD-101 or placebo with 42 subjects completing the study treatment.

Two-site adsorption model for the (square root 3 x square root 3)-R30 degrees dodecanethiolate lattice on Au(111) surfaces.

The surface structure of dodecanethiolate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au(111) surfaces, formed from the liquid phase, have been studied by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and electrochemical techniques. STM images show that the surface structure consists of (square root 3 x square root 3)-R30 degrees domains with only a few domains of the c(4 x 2) lattice. The best fitting of GIXRD data for the (square root 3 x square root 3)-R30 degrees lattice is obtained with alkanethiolate adsorption at the top sites, although good fittings are also obtained for the fcc and hcp hollow sites.