Validation of genetic classifiers derived from mouse and human tumors to identify molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Standard treatment for advanced-stage CRC for decades has included 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. More recently, targeted therapies for metastatic CRC are being used based on the individual cancer's molecular profile.

Joint Associations of Prevalent Radiographic Vertebral Fracture and Abdominal Aortic Calcification With Incident Hip, Major Osteoporotic, and Clinical Vertebral Fractures.

Prevalent vertebral fractures (PVFx) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) are both associated with incident fractures and can be ascertained on the same lateral spine images, but their joint association with incident fractures is unclear. Our objective was to estimate the individual and joint associations of PVFx and AAC with incident major osteoporotic, hip, and clinical vertebral fractures in 5365 older men enrolled in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study, using Cox proportional hazards and Fine and Gray subdistribution hazards models to account for competing mortality. PVFx (Genant SQ grade 2 or 3) and 24-point AAC score were ascertained on baseline lateral spine radiographs.

Height Loss in Old Age and Fracture Risk Among Men in Late Life: A Prospective Cohort Study.

To assess the association of height loss in old age with subsequent risk of hip and any clinical fracture in men late in life while accounting for the competing risk of mortality, we used data from 3491 community-dwelling men (mean age 79.2 years). Height loss between baseline and follow-up (mean 7.

Implications of Frailty among Men with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators.

Objectives: Frailty is associated with adverse outcomes, but little is known of the impact of frailty on patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). This study sought to determine the prevalence of frailty, based on quantitative assessment, and assessed its potential impact on outcomes among community-dwelling men with ICDs.

Methods: A total of 124 ICD-treated men presenting for a routine device clinic appointment between May and October 2016 underwent frailty assessment consisting of three components: shrinking (weight loss ≥5% during the past year), weakness (inability to rise from a chair without using their arms), and self-reported poor energy level.

Frailty Phenotype and Healthcare Costs and Utilization in Older Men.

Objectives: To determine the association of the frailty phenotype with subsequent healthcare costs and utilization.

Design: Prospective cohort study (Osteoporotic Fracture in Men [MrOS]).

Setting: Six US sites.

Self-reported poor sleep on multiple dimensions is associated with higher total health care costs in older men.

Study Objectives: To estimate the association of self-reported poor sleep in multiple dimensions with health care costs in older men.

Methods: Participants were 1,413 men (mean [SD] age 76.5 [5.

Radical Prostatectomy or Observation for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer: Extended Follow-up of the Prostate Cancer Intervention Versus Observation Trial (PIVOT).

Background: Very long-term mortality in men with early prostate cancer treated with surgery versus observation is uncertain.

Objective: To determine long-term effects of surgery versus observation on all-cause mortality for men with early prostate cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study evaluated long-term follow-up of a randomized trial conducted at the US Department of Veterans Affairs and National Cancer Institute sites.

Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) predict health care costs and utilization in older men, independent of prevalent clinical cardiovascular disease and each other.

Background And Aims: Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and low ankle-brachial index (ABI) are markers of multisite atherosclerosis. We sought to estimate their associations in older men with health care costs and utilization adjusted for each other, and after accounting for CVD risk factors and prevalent CVD diagnoses.

Methods: This was an observational cohort study of 2393 community-dwelling men (mean age 73.

Multidimensional sleep health and subsequent health-care costs and utilization in older women.

Study Objectives: Determine the association of poor multidimensional sleep health with health-care costs and utilization.

Methods: We linked 1,459 community-dwelling women (mean age 83.6 years) participating in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Year 16 visit (2002-2004) with their Medicare claims.

Association of sleep-disordered breathing with total healthcare costs and utilization in older men: the Outcomes of Sleep Disorders in Older Men (MrOS Sleep) study.

Study Objectives: To determine the associations of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) with subsequent healthcare costs and utilization including inpatient and post-acute care facility stays among community-dwelling older men.

Methods: Participants were 1,316 men (mean age 76.1 [SD = 5.

Depressive Symptoms and Total Healthcare Costs: Roles of Functional Limitations and Multimorbidity.

Objectives: Depressive symptoms can be both a cause and a consequence of functional limitations and medical conditions. Our objectives were to determine the association of depressive symptoms with subsequent total healthcare costs in older women after accounting for functional limitations and multimorbidity.

Design: Prospective cohort study (Study of Osteoporotic Fractures [SOF]).

Hospitalization-Associated Change in Gait Speed and Risk of Functional Limitations for Older Adults.

Background: Hospitalization-associated functional decline is a common problem for older adults, but it is unclear how hospitalizations affect physical performance measures such as gait speed. We sought to determine hospitalization-associated change in gait speed and likelihood of new limitations in mobility and activities of daily living (ADLs).

Methods: We used longitudinal data over 5 years from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study, a prospective cohort of black and white community-dwelling men and women, aged 70-79 years, who had no limitations in mobility (difficulty walking 1/4 mile or climbing 10 steps) or ADLs (transferring, bathing, dressing, and eating) at baseline.

Central Obesity and Visceral Adipose Tissue Are Not Associated With Incident Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Events in Older Men.

Background Visceral adipose tissue ( VAT ) and other measures of central obesity predict incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ( ASCVD ) events in middle-aged individuals, but these associations are less certain in older individuals age 70 years and older. Our objective was to estimate the associations of VAT and the android-gynoid fat mass ratio, another measure of central obesity, with incident ASCVD events among a large cohort of older men. Methods and Results Two thousand eight hundred ninety-nine men (mean [ SD ] age 76.

The Association Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Subsequent Health Care Utilization in Older Men.

Background: To examine the associations between objective physical activity measures and subsequent health care utilization.

Methods: We studied 1,283 men (mean age 79.1 years, SD 5.

Association of High-resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (HR-pQCT) bone microarchitectural parameters with previous clinical fracture in older men: The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study.

High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) assesses both volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and trabecular and cortical microarchitecture. However, studies of the association of HR-pQCT parameters with fracture history have been small, predominantly limited to postmenopausal women, often performed limited adjustment for potential confounders including for BMD, and infrequently assessed strength or failure measures. We used data from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study, a prospective cohort study of community-dwelling men aged ≥65 years, to evaluate the association of distal radius, proximal (diaphyseal) tibia and distal tibia HR-pQCT parameters measured at the Year 14 (Y14) study visit with prior clinical fracture.

Impact of Competing Risk of Mortality on Association of Cognitive Impairment With Risk of Hip Fracture in Older Women.

Previous studies examining the association of cognitive impairment and dementia with fracture outcomes in older adults have usually used standard approaches that did not take into account the competing risk of mortality. However, ignoring mortality may not provide accurate estimates of risk of fracture because dementia in older adults strongly predicts death, making mortality a competing risk. A total of 1491 women (mean age 87.

Frailty as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Versus Noncardiovascular Mortality in Older Men: Results From the MrOS Sleep (Outcomes of Sleep Disorders in Older Men) Study.

Background: Frailty is associated with greater mortality; however, whether frail patients primarily die of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or non-CVD causes is unknown.

Methods And Results: We assessed the cause of death in relation to frailty status, measured at baseline, among 3135 community-dwelling older men in the MrOS Sleep (Outcomes of Sleep Disorders in Older Men) study. Absolute probability and risk of CVD mortality associated with frailty status were estimated with traditional methods that used censoring and newer methods that considered non-CVD mortality as a competing risk.

Associations of recent weight loss with health care costs and utilization among older women.

The association of weight loss with health care costs among older women is uncertain. Our study aim was to examine the association of objectively measured weight change with subsequent total health care (THC) costs and other health care utilization among older women. Our study population included 2,083 women (mean age 80.

Which Sleep Health Characteristics Predict All-Cause Mortality in Older Men? An Application of Flexible Multivariable Approaches.

Study Objectives: Sleep is multidimensional, with domains including duration, timing, continuity, regularity, rhythmicity, quality, and sleepiness/alertness. Individual sleep characteristics representing these domains are known to predict health outcomes. However, most studies consider sleep characteristics in isolation, resulting in an incomplete understanding of which sleep characteristics are the strongest predictors of health outcomes.

Effects of Mobility and Multimorbidity on Inpatient and Postacute Health Care Utilization.

Background: This study examines effects of mobility and multimorbidity on hospitalization and inpatient and postacute care (PAC) facility days among older men.

Methods: Prospective study of 1,701 men (mean age 79.3 years) participating in Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Year 7 (Y7) examination (2007-2008) linked with their Medicare claims.

Sleep Disturbances and Risk of Hospitalization and Inpatient Days Among Older Women.

Study Objectives: Determine the associations of sleep disturbances with hospitalization risk among older women.

Methods: One thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven women (mean age 83.6 years) participating in Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Year 16 (Y16) examination (2002-2004) linked with Medicare and/or HMO claims.

Association of Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) With Incident Clinical and Radiographic Vertebral Fractures Adjusted for Lumbar Spine BMD in Older Men: A Prospective Cohort Study.

The association of trabecular bone score (TBS) with incident clinical and radiographic vertebral fractures in older men is uncertain. TBS was estimated from baseline spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans for 5831 older men (mean age 73.7 years) enrolled in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study.

Comparison of Associations of DXA and CT Visceral Adipose Tissue Measures With Insulin Resistance, Lipid Levels, and Inflammatory Markers.

Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) measured by computed tomography (CT) is related to insulin resistance, lipids, and serum inflammatory markers. Our objective was to compare the strength of the associations of VAT measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA-VAT) and CT (CT-VAT) with insulin resistance, serum lipids, and serum markers of inflammation. For 1117 men aged 65 and older enrolled in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study, the cross-sectional associations of DXA-VAT and CT-VAT with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (homa2ir), C-reactive protein, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were estimated with regression models and compared using a Hausman test.