Dietary supplementation use for outpatient treatment in children: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: Dietary supplements (DSs) are commonly used supplements among children to support disease treatment, however, overuse and inappropriate prescription of outpatient DS can negatively affect health and treatment costs. This study aimed to evaluate DS use in outpatient treatment in children.

Methods: The present study used a cross-sectional descriptive retrospective method based on data from 188,579 outpatient prescriptions of children for 1 year.

Lithiophilic Multichannel Layer to Simultaneously Control the Li-Ion Flux and Li Nucleation for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries.

Although the Li metal has been gaining attention as a promising anode material for the next-generation high-energy-density rechargeable batteries owing to its high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh g), its practical use remains challenging owing to inherent issues related to Li nucleation and growth. This paper reports the fabrication of a lithiophilic multichannel layer (LML) that enables the simultaneous control of Li nucleation and growth in Li-metal batteries. The LML, composed of lithiophilic ceramic composite nanoparticles (Ag-plated AlO particles), is fabricated using the electroless plating method.

Long-term follow-up of convalescent pigs and their offspring after an outbreak of acute African swine fever in Vietnam.

African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious haemorrhagic disease in pigs and has become endemic in several Vietnam provinces since the first outbreak in 2019. The presence of carriers and the recurrence of disease in the surviving swine herd after an ASF outbreak has not previously been properly evaluated. In this study, pigs naturally infected with an acute form of ASF were allowed to recover from the disease.

Enantioselective counter-anions in photoredox catalysis: the asymmetric cation radical Diels-Alder reaction.

Control of absolute stereochemistry in radical and ion radical transformations is a major challenge in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we report the design of a photoredox catalyst system comprised of an oxidizing pyrilium salt bearing a chiral triflyl phosphoramide anion. This class of chiral organic photoredox catalysts is able to catalyze the formation of cation radical-mediated Diels-Alder transformations in up to 75:25 e.

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children who died from hand, foot and mouth disease in Vietnam, 2011.

Background: In 2011, a large outbreak of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Vietnam resulted in 113,121 children seeking medical attention, of whom170 died. Understanding the epidemiology of fatal HFMD may improve treatment and help targeting prevention activities for vulnerable populations. We describe epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children who died from HFMD in Vietnam in 2011.

anti-Markovnikov hydroamination of alkenes catalyzed by a two-component organic photoredox system: direct access to phenethylamine derivatives.

Disclosed herein is a general catalytic system for the intermolecular anti-Markovnikov hydroamination of alkenes. By using an organocatalytic photoredox system, α- and β-substituted styrenes as well as aliphatic alkenes undergo anti-Markovnikov hydroamination. Heterocyclic amines were also successfully employed as nitrogen nucleophiles, thus providing a direct route to heterocyclic motifs common in medicinal agents.

Prevalence and correlates of zinc deficiency in pregnant Vietnamese women in Ho Chi Minh City.

Background: Although Vietnam is a region with a plant-based diet that has a high zinc deficiency, epidemiological data showing how this affects pregnant women are limited. This study explores the prevalence of zinc deficiency and possible correlates in pregnant Vietnamese women in Ho Chi Minh City.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a general hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Anti-Markovnikov hydroamination of alkenes catalyzed by an organic photoredox system.

Herein we report a metal-free method for the direct anti-Markovnikov hydroamination of unsaturated amines. Irradiation of the amine substrates with visible light in the presence of catalytic quantities of easily synthesized 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium tetrafluoroborate and thiophenol as a hydrogen-atom donor furnished the nitrogen-containing heterocycles with complete regiocontrol. Two examples of intermolecular anti-Markovnikov alkene hydroamination are also disclosed.

Store-operated calcium entry is present in HL-1 cardiomyocytes and contributes to resting calcium.

Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) has recently been shown to be of physiological and pathological importance in the heart, particularly during cardiac hypertrophy. However, measuring changes in intracellular Ca(2+) during SOCE is very difficult to study in adult primary cardiomyocytes. As a result there is a need for a stable and reliable in vitro model of SOCE which can be used to test cardiac drugs and investigate the role of SOCE in cardiac pathology.

SAR of 2-amino and 2,4-diamino pyrimidines with in vivo efficacy against Trypanosoma brucei.

A series of 2,4-diaminopyrimidines was investigated and compounds were found to have in vivo efficacy against Trypanosoma brucei in an acute mouse model. However, in vitro permeability data suggested the 2,4-diaminopyrimidenes would have poor permeability through the blood brain barrier. Consequently a series of 4-desamino analogs were synthesized and found to have improved in vitro permeability.

Two complementary routes to 7-substituted chlorins. Partial mimics of chlorophyll B.

Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b exhibit distinct spectra yet differ only in the nature of a single substituent (7-methyl versus 7-formyl, respectively). Two complementary approaches have been developed for the synthesis of 7-substituted chlorins. The first approach is a de novo route wherein 2,9-dibromo-5-p-tolyldipyrromethane (Eastern half) and 9-formyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,3,3-trimethyldipyrrin (Western half) undergo acid-catalyzed condensation followed by metal-mediated oxidative cyclization.