Effects of ssp. SA-03 Supplementation on Reversing Phthalate-Induced Asthma in Mice.

Probiotics may protect against asthma. We want to investigate whether probiotics can reverse the adverse effects of phthalate exposure on asthma. We selected the female offspring of BALB/c mice, born from pregnant female mice fed with diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP).

Toll-like receptor 4 prevents AOM/DSS-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer in Bacteroides fragilis gnotobiotic mice.

(BF) plays a critical role in developing and maintaining the mammalian immune system. We previously found that BF colonization could prevent inflammation and tumor formation in a germ-free (GF) colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) mouse model. The role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in CAC development has not been clearly elucidated in BF mono-colonized gnotobiotic mice.

Ubiquinol Supplementation Alters Exercise Induced Fatigue by Increasing Lipid Utilization in Mice.

Ubiquinol (QH), a reduced form of coenzyme Q10, is a lipid antioxidant that is hydro-soluble and is commonly formulated in commercial supplements. Ubiquinol has been increasingly reported to exert antioxidant functions, in addition to its role in the cell energy-producing system of mitochondria and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. The aim of this study was to assess the potential beneficial effects of QH on anti-fatigue and ergogenic functions following physiological challenge.

The germ-free mice monocolonization with improves azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is generally considered as a major risk factor in the progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Previous studies have indicated that the composition of gut microflora may be involved in CAC induction and progress. () is a Gram-negative anaerobe belonging to colonic symbiotic bacteria of the host.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals a controlling mechanism for NLRP3 and IL-17A in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has markedly increased. Our research findings during the past showed that medicinal plant extracts and the derived phytochemical components from Wedelia chinensis (WC) can have strong anti-colitis activities. Here, we further identified the key component phytochemicals from active fractions of different WC preparations (WCHA) that are responsible for the protective effect of WCHA in colitis mice.

2-Naphthol Levels and Allergic Disorders in Children.

Background: The measurement of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in ambient air is quite difficult to perform. Using urine biomarkers of PAH such as 2-naphthol is one approach to this problem. This study explored the association between urine 2-naphthol levels and allergic diseases.

Interactions Between Bisphenol A Exposure and GSTP1 Polymorphisms in Childhood Asthma.

Purpose: Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure may increase the risk of asthma. Genetic polymorphisms of oxidative stress-related genes, glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1, GSTP1), manganese superoxide dismutase, catalase, myeloperoxidase, and microsomal epoxide hydrolase may be related to BPA exposure. The aim is to evaluate whether oxidative stress genes modulates associations of BPA exposure with asthma.

Phytochemicals Approach for Developing Cancer Immunotherapeutics.

Phytochemicals or their derived compounds are being increasingly recognized as potentially potent complementary treatments for cancer. Among them, some phytochemicals are being actively evaluated for use as adjuvants in anticancer therapies. For instance, shikonin and hypericin were found to induce immunogenic cell death of specific cancer cells, and this effect was able to further activate the recognition activity of tumor cells by the host immune system.

Rapamycin Promotes Mouse 4T1 Tumor Metastasis that Can Be Reversed by a Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine.

Suppression of tumor metastasis is a key strategy for successful cancer interventions. Previous studies indicated that rapamycin (sirolimus) may promote tumor regression activity or enhance immune response against tumor targets. However, rapamycin also exhibits immunosuppressant effects and is hence used clinically as an organ transplantation drug.

Shikonin-enhanced cell immunogenicity of tumor vaccine is mediated by the differential effects of DAMP components.

Background: The tumor cell lysate-pulsed, dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine approaches are being actively evaluated for application to cancer immunotherapy, hopefully at a personalized medicine base. There is apparently an emerging technical problem however, the lack of highly efficacious potency in activation of patient's DCs for T-cell priming and the associated process for presenting tumor immunogenicity.

Methods: One strategy to address this is to consider the manipulation of the tumor immunogenic cells death (ICD) complex ex-vivo for maximal activation of DC efficacy.

Heatstroke Effect on Brain Heme Oxygenase-1 in Rats.

Exposure to high environmental temperature leading to increased core body temperature above 40°C and central nervous system abnormalities such as convulsions, delirium, or coma is defined as heat stroke. Studies in humans and animals indicate that the heat shock responses of the host contribute to multiple organ injury and death during heat stroke. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)-a stress-responsive enzyme that catabolizes heme into iron, carbon monoxide, and biliverdin-has an important role in the neuroprotective mechanism against ischemic stroke.

Comparison of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy and open lumbar surgery for adjacent segment degeneration and recurrent disc herniation.

Objective. The goal of the present study was to examine the clinical results of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) and open lumbar surgery for patients with adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) and recurrence of disc herniation. Methods.

FLG P478S polymorphisms and environmental risk factors for the atopic march in Taiwanese children: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Little is known about the role of genetic and environmental modifiers in atopic march.

Objective: To investigate the effects of filaggrin (FLG) P478S polymorphisms and environmental factors on the risk of asthma in a cohort of children with atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods: In 2010, 3,246 children from Childhood Environment and Allergic Diseases Cohort Study cohort were recruited.

Low dose of valproate improves motor function after traumatic brain injury.

Background: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a major health care problem worldwide. Approximately 1.5 million new TBI cases occur annually in the United States, with mortality rates ranging between 35% and 40% in severe patients.

Seat belt syndrome with cauda equina syndrome: two unique cases in the same motor vehicle accident.

Study Design: Case report.

Objective: To describe the surgical technique and outcome of 2 cases of lap-shoulder belt injury involving burst fracture at L5 and cauda equina syndrome (CES).

Summary Of Background Data: Lap-shoulder belts have largely replaced lap belts in the front seats of cars, and therefore the concept of seat belt injury needs re-evaluation.

Haemophilus influenzae type b combination vaccines and atopic disorders: a prospective cohort study.

Background/purpose: Epidemiologic evidence for an association between vaccinations and atopy development is inconsistent. We evaluated the influence of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) combination vaccines in 6-month-old infants on the prevalence of atopic disorders in 18-month-old children.

Methods: We used multistage, stratified systematic sampling to recruit 24,200 mother-newborn pairs from the Taiwan national birth registration in 2005.

Congenital midline nasal mass: cases series and review of the literature.

Encephalocele, glioma and dermoid cyst are the most common midline nasal masses. Given their potential for intracranial extension, prompt treatment is necessary to prevent complications. Herein, we present two cases of midline nasal masses.

GSTM1, GSTP1, prenatal smoke exposure, and atopic dermatitis.

Background: The increase in the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) is likely to involve changes in specific environmental exposures among genetically susceptible individuals.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of glutathione S-transferase (GST) genotype polymorphisms and prenatal smoke exposure on pediatric AD on the basis of the cord blood cotinine levels.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study composed of 34 children with AD and 106 non-AD controls, all of whom were selected from 483 participants in the Taiwan Birth Panel cohort study.

Protective effects of L-arginine supplementation against exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress in young rat tissues.

Recently, we showed that L-arginine (L-Arg) supplementation could attenuate acute exercise-induced oxidative and inflammatory stress in aging rats. In this study, we investigate whether L-Arg supplementation protects cellular oxidative stress, inflammation, or the mitochondrial DNA 4834-bp large deletion (mtDNA4834 deletion) in 14-week-old young rats tissues during exhaustive exercise. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: sedentary control (SC); SC with L-Arg treatment (SC+Arg); exhaustive exercise (E); and exhaustive exercise with L-Arg treatment (E+Arg).

Gene transfer of IGF1 attenuates hepatocellular apoptosis after bile duct ligation.

Background: Cholestasis occurs in a wide variety of human liver diseases, and hepatocellular injury is an invariant feature of cholestasis, causing liver dysfunction and inflammation, promoting fibrogenesis, and ultimately leading to liver failure. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) acts in an autocrine and paracrine manner to promote glucose utilization, using phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3 K)/Akt, the downstream glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), and anti-apoptotic pathways. This study investigated whether gene transfer of IGF1 could attenuate hepatocellular injury after bile duct ligation in rats.

Endurance training accelerates exhaustive exercise-induced mitochondrial DNA deletion and apoptosis of left ventricle myocardium in rats.

Even though exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress increases the risk of tissue damage, regular endurance training is widely assumed to improve cardiac function and protects against heart disease. We tested the hypothesis that an endurance training program prevents exhaustive exercise-induced increases in cardiac dysfunction and apoptosis in left ventricle (LV). Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sedentary control (C), trained (T), exhaustively exercised (E), and trained plus exhaustively exercised (TE).

Effects of beta-carotene on antioxidant status in rats with chronic alcohol consumption.

This study examined the effects of beta-carotene on antioxidant status in rats with chronic alcohol consumption. At the beginning of experiment (week 0), according to both the plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities, rats (n = 24) were divided into 3 groups and fed with a standard diet (group C), a diet containing ethanol (group E), or a diet containing ethanol and beta-carotene (group E+B). After 10 weeks, plasma AST and ALT, fat accumulation in the liver, antioxidant enzyme activities in erythrocytes and the liver, malondialdehyde (MDA), and alpha-tocopherol and retinol in plasma and hepatic samples were analyzed.

The impact of time, legislation, and geography on the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury.

In 1991, a population-based epidemiologic traumatic brain injury (TBI) study was done in urban and rural areas of Taiwan; this was 5 years before the helmet use law was passed and 8 years before the drink driving law was passed. In order to evaluate the impact of three major determinants (time, geography, and legislation) on the epidemiology of TBI, we conducted a prospective study in 2001 and used the 1991 data to examine the differences in TBI distribution in urban and rural Taiwan a decade after these laws were passed. In 2001, 5754 TBI cases were collected from the urban area of Taipei City, and 1474 TBI cases were collected from the rural area of Hualien County.

Multicenter evaluation of propofol for head-injured patients in Taiwan.

Background: The present study was a multicenter, retrospective study which aimed to evaluate the efficacy of propofol, a new choice of pharmacotherapy in head-injured patients.

Methods: Head-injured patients admitted to 3 hospitals during the period from January 2003 to December 2004 were included in this clinical trial. Data on patients' demographics, laboratory data, GCS score, ICP, CPP, concurrent medications, and therapeutic outcomes were collected.