Longdan Xiegan Tang attenuates liver injury and hepatic insulin resistance by regulating the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/Ang (1-7)/Mas axis-mediated anti-inflammatory pathway in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The ancient Chinese herbal formula Longdan Xiegan Tang (LXT, also called Gentiana Longdancao Decoction to Drain the Liver) treats insulin resistance- and inflammation-associated liver injuries in clinical practice.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying LXT-elicited improvement of the liver injuries.

Materials And Methods: Male rats were co-treated with olanzapine (5 mg/kg) and LXT extract (50 and 500 mg/kg) for eight weeks.

A mixture of apple pomace and rosemary extract improves fructose consumption-induced insulin resistance in rats: modulation of sarcolemmal CD36 and glucose transporter-4.

Apple pomace is a by-product of the processing of apple for juice, cider or wine preparation. Rosemary is a herb commonly used as spice and flavoring agent in food processing. Evidence suggests that both apple pomace and rosemary have rich bioactive molecules with numerous metabolic effects.

Critical Review of Data Evaluation in Teaching Clinics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Outside China: Implications for Education.

Objectives: The increasing acceptance of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) worldwide has highlighted the importance of ensuring the provision of high-quality TCM clinical education. This clinical training should be partly guided by a robust assessment of patient data outcomes in TCM teaching clinics. We undertook a comprehensive literature review to examine the data evaluation in TCM teaching clinics outside China and its implications for TCM education.

Oleanolic acid supplement attenuates liquid fructose-induced adipose tissue insulin resistance through the insulin receptor substrate-1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway in rats.

Oleanolic acid, a triterpenoid contained in more than 1620 plants including various fruits and foodstuffs, has numerous metabolic effects, such as hepatoprotection. However, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Adipose tissue insulin resistance (Adipo-IR) may contribute to the development and progress of metabolic abnormalities through release of excessive free fatty acids from adipose tissue.