Surgical cannulation of the superior ophthalmic vein for the treatment of previously embolized cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas: serial studies and angiographic follow-up.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transorbital puncture for the retreatment of previously embolized cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) via a superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) approach.

Materials And Methods: During a 12-year period, 9 consecutive patients with previously embolized cavernous sinus DAVFs underwent retreatment via the transorbital SOV approach.

Results: All of the nine cases of previously embolized cavernous sinus DAVFs were successfully embolized.

[Morphological characteristics of internal carotid artery atherosclerotic lesions in digital subtracted angiography].

Objective: To illustrate the morphological characteristics of atherosclerotic lesions of the internal carotid artery.

Methods: The morphological characteristics of cervicocerebral atherosclerotic lesions in digital subtracted angiography were retrospectively reviewed in 120 cases.

Results: Totally 217 atherosclerotic lesions were detected.

[Expression of TGFbeta1 and its type I receptors ALK1 and ALK5 mRNA in brain arteriovenous malformation].

Objective: To explore the expression of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) and its type I receptors activin-like kinase 1 (ALK1) and ALK5 mRNA in the development of brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM).

Methods: The mRNA expressions of TGFbeta1, ALK1and ALK5 were detected with semiquantitative RT-PCR in patients with BAVM.

Results: The expressions of TGFbeta1 and ALK5 mRNA increased significantly in BAVM, and their relative expression quantity were 0.

[Evaluation of cerebral vasospasm resulting from subarachnoid hemorrhage with 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy].

Objective: To assess the value of (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) in evaluating cerebral vasospasm resulting from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: Six dogs were subjected to autologous non-heparinized blood injection via cisternal puncture twice at one-day interval to establish models of SAH, and another 6 received injections with normal saline in an identical manner. (1)H-MRS scan was performed on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days after the injections to measure the changes of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho).

[Mechanism of Ca2+ on the hyperthermia-induced apoptosis of rat hippocampal neurons in vitro].

Objective: To study the mechanism of Ca(2+) on the apoptosis induced by hyperthermia in neonate rat hippocampal neurons to provide the applicative evidence of dantrolene for preventing brain injuries.

Methods: Dantrolene, Ca(2+) specific blocking agent, was used in the hyperthermia-induced apoptosis of primary hippocampal neurons in vitro to observe its effect on the apoptosis, fluorescent intensity, and dynamic change of Ca(2+) by flowcytometry and laser confocal microscopy.

Results: The rate of apoptosis was decreased significantly after hyperthermia treatment by dantrolene sodium.

[Digital subtraction angiography and preoperative embolization for meningiomas].

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and the clinical efficacy of preoperative embolization for miningiomas.

Methods: Fifty-eight patients with meningioma were examined by DSA, and preoperative embolization was performed in patients whose miningiomas were supplied predominantly by the external carotid artery (ECA).

Results: In 43 patients, the meningiomas was exclusively or predominantly supplied by ECA, and the feeding arteries were embolized with particles of 250-350 microm through catherization of ECA.

[Clinical efficiency of interventional therapy on internal carotid-posterior communicating artery aneurysm].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of endovascular embolization of internal carotid-posterior communicating artery (IC-PC) aneurysm.

Methods: 145 patients with IC-PC aneurysms underwent endovascular embolization through the microcatheter under digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Of the 145 cases, 55 patients with 62 aneurysms were embolized by mechanical detachable spiral (MDS) and 90 patients with 106 aneurysms were embolized by Guglielmi detachable coil (GDC) or electrical detachable coil (EDC).

[Endovascular embolization for traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula].

Objective: To evaluate the choice of approaches, surgical techniques and clinical outcome of endovascular embolization for treating traumatic carotid cavernous fistula (TCCF).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 119 patients with TCCF was conducted, in whom totally 128 embolizations were performed. In these procedures, the femoral artery approach was adopted in 112 cases, femoral vein approach in 5 cases, and superior ophthalmic vein approach in 2 cases.

[Differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells in injured rat brain tissue].

Objective: To investigate the differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMDSCs) migrated from blood circulation and resided in the injured brain tissue.

Methods: Brain injury model was established by iridectomy in the right cerebral cortex of female SD rats. Twenty-four hours after brain injury, the female rats received the implantation of green fluorescence protein (GFP)-labeled BMDSCs from male SD rats and were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after the implantation.

[Changes in Ca2+ concentration mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in PO/AH neurons of anoxic SD rats].

Objective: To study the changes of Ca2+ concentration mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in the neurons in the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (PO/AH) of anoxic SD rats by investigating the properties of NMDA receptor.

Methods: The effects of NMDA receptor agonist NMDA and antagonist vaproic acid (VPA) on the [Ca2+]i in PO/AH neurons were observed in SD rats with anoxia.

Results: Under normal condition, the fluorescencet ratio was 0.

[Three-dimensional CT angiography with volume rendering for the detection of intracranial aneurysms].

Objective: To evaluate the value of three-dimensional CT angiography (3D-CTA) with volume rendering (VR) for the detection of intracranial aneurysm.

Methods: Axial CT images were obtained by helical CT scanning on 45 patients with intracranial aneurysms, 15 males and 30 females, aged 63.9 (33-79 years).

[Traumatic basilar-cavernous fistula complicated by basilar artery aneurysm: report of one case].

A 19-years-old boy was admitted after brain trauma with subarachnoid hemorrhage, left oculomotor nerve palsy, elevated pressure in the cavernous sinus and intracranial noise. The diagnosis of traumatic basilar-cavernous fistula complicated with basilar artery aneurysm was established by digital subtraction angiography. After endovascular occlusion of the vessels twice using detachable coils, the patient was cured without relapse during the 2-year follow-up.

[Recurrence of cerebral aneurysm after embolization by mechanical detachable spiral: report of one case].

A patient with cerebral aneurysm received embolism therapy using mechanical detachable spiral, but the aneurysm recurred because of absorption of the coil. Secondary embolism therapy was successfully implemented using Guglielmi detachable coil.

[Structural features of the smooth muscle cells in the medial layer of the bifurcation of fetal cerebral arteries].

Objective: To study the structural and histogenetic features of the smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the medial layer of the bifurcation of human cerebral arteries in fetus.

Method: Segments of the cerebral arteries from the circle of Willis including the bifurcations of normal human fetuses were sectioned in 1 of the 3 orthogonal planes, wherein the three- dimensional medial layer structure composed of SMCs was observed with light microscope.

Result: Microscopic observation identified 1.