Correction: Associations of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis with abnormal cervical cytology: A cross-sectional survey with 9090 community women in China.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Associations of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis with abnormal cervical cytology: A cross-sectional survey with 9090 community women in China.

Background: Although it is well acknowledged that persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus types in genital sites plays a crucial role in the development of squamous cell cervical carcinoma, there is no unanimous consensus on the association between non-HPV sexually transmitted infections and abnormal cervical cytology.

Methods: In the present study, we evaluated cervical cytology status, sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis status, and collected social-demographic information among recruited participants to explore the association of STIs and bacterial vaginosis with abnormal cervical cytology.

Results: 9,090 women's specimens were successfully tested, with a total of 8,733 (96.

Chlamydia trachomatis infection among patients attending sexual and reproductive health clinics: A cross-sectional study in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, China.

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of chlamydial trachomatis (CT) infection and explore its risk factors among patients attending sexual and reproductive health clinics in Shenzhen, China. We collected demographic and clinical information from attendees (aged 18-49). CT and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infection was determined by nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) on self-collected urine specimens.

Childhood Abuse Experiences and the COMT and MTHFR Genetic Variants Associated With Male Sexual Orientation in the Han Chinese Populations: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Although it is widely acknowledged that genetic and environmental factors are involved in the development of male homosexuality, the causes are not fully understood.

Aim: To explore the association and interaction of childhood abuse experiences and genetic variants of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genes with the development of male homosexuality.

Methods: A case-control study of 537 exclusively homosexual men and 583 exclusively heterosexual men was conducted, with data collected from March 2013 to August 2015.

A preliminary validation of the Brief COPE instrument for assessing coping strategies among people living with HIV in China.

Background: The Brief COPE instrument has been utilized to conduct research on various populations, including people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the questionnaire constructs when applied to PLWH have not been subjected to thorough factor validation.

Methods: A total of 258 PLWH were recruited from two provinces of China.

HPV infections among MSM in Shenzhen, China.

Background: An increasing incidence of anal cancer among men, especially men who have sex with men (MSM) suggests a need to better understand anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among this group.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM in Shenzhen, China. Blood was collected for HIV serological testing and syphilis serological screening, and anal swabs were collected for HPV genotyping.

Reduction in mother-to-child transmission of syphilis for 10 years in Shenzhen, China.

Background: Untreated maternal syphilis can result in the fetuses being infected. Severe adverse pregnancy outcomes include stillbirth, perinatal death, low birth weight, and congenital syphilis (CS). The World Health Organization has already classified global elimination of CS as a priority.

Risk factors for congenital syphilis and adverse pregnancy outcomes in offspring of women with syphilis in Shenzhen, China: a prospective nested case-control study.

Background: Despite existence of a highly effective intervention, maternal syphilis still causes substantial perinatal morbidity and mortality, even in China, where antenatal health services are strong. This study sought to address personal, programmatic, and other risk factors for congenital syphilis (CS) and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) among pregnant women in Shenzhen, China.

Methods: Pregnant women attending antenatal services were offered serologic tests, and those diagnosed as having syphilis were recruited from April 2007 to October 2012.

[Primary drug resistance of HIV-1 infected men who have sex with men in Shenzhen, China].

Objective: To evaluate the status of drug resistance among treat-naive HIV-1 infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shenzhen during the period of 2008 - 2010.

Methods: Plasma samples of 227 treatment-naive HIV-1 infected MSM were collected in Shenzhen. HIV-1 pol genes (RT and PR) were amplified by nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from RNA.

[Study on the molecular-epidemiological characteristics of HIV-1 in Shenzhen, 1992-2008].

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of HIV-1 subtype in Shenzhen from 1992 to 2008.

Methods: 489 HIV-1 positive plasma samples were collected from 1992 to 2008 in Shenzhen. HIV-1 env genes were amplified by nested-PCR from RNA.

[Progress in research on the biological reason of male homosexuality].

Male homosexuality is a complex phenomenon which is universal and with unknown causes. Researchers believe that both biological and environmental factors have played a role in its pathogenesis. Researches focusing on genetics, neurobiology, development and endocrinology have made certain progress.

[Epidemic trend and evolution of HIV-1 CRF01_AE strains isolated from 1992 through 2008 in Shenzhen district].

Objective: To study the prevalent status of CRF01_AE strains of recombinant HIV-1 in Shenzhen and their source of infection in order to predict the epidemic trend and evolution.

Methods: A total of 489 samples of HIV-1 positive plasma were collected from 1992 to 2008 in Shenzhen. HIV-1 Env genes were amplified by nested-PCR from RNA.

Molecular epidemiology of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Shenzhen, China.

Objective: To investigate molecular epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among patients recruited from different clinic settings in Shenzhen, China.

Methods: A total of 2534 patients from the sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics, obstetrics and gynaecology (OBGYN) clinics and genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics in 34 hospitals participated in the study. The C trachomatis infection was determined using COBAS Amplicor system.

Prevalence of anorectal Chlamydia trachomatis infection and its genotype distribution among men who have sex with men in Shenzhen, China.

To investigate the prevalence and genotype distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among men who have sex with men (MSM), 145 MSM from two sauna settings in Shenzhen, China were invited to participate in this study during September 2008 and May 2009. Anorectal swab and urine samples were collected and tested for chlamydial infection, and positive samples were genotyped. The prevalence of anorectal chlamydial infection was 24% in the study population and was significantly associated with proctitis symptoms.

[Spatial and temporal patterns of primary and secondary syphilis in Shenzhen, China].

Objective: To learn the spatial and temporal patterns of primary syphilis and secondary syphilis in Shenzhen and to provide evidence for carrying out further research on syphilis.

Methods: Primary syphilis and secondary syphilis cases among residents in Shenzhen between 2005 and 2009 (n = 11 303) were geocoded at street office level (n = 55) based on residence at the time of diagnosis. Both spatial and space-time scan statistics were used to identify clusters of street office by using SaTScan software.

Congenital syphilis: refining newborn evaluation and management in Shenzhen, southern China.

Introduction: Consistent definitions of congenital syphilis are critical for determining true incidences and setting up targets of elimination. This study aimed to assess the evaluation and management of infants at high risk of congenital syphilis with an antenatal syphilis-screening programme in the Shenzhen SEZ and to develop feasible definitions for the detection of congenital syphilis in China.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of all standardised records of pregnant women with positive syphilis between 2003 and 2007.

[Molecular epidemiological survey on HIV-1 among the injecting drug users population in Shenzhen].

Objective: To study the prevalent status of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) subtypes in IDU (injecting drug users) population in Shenzhen and to study their source of infection in order to predict the epidemic trend and evolution.

Methods: 166 HIV-1 positive plasma from the IDUs was collected from 1996 to 2008. HIV-1 env genes were amplified by nested-PCR from RNA.

Congenital syphilis: an economic evaluation of a prevention program in China.

Background: Until now there has been no data to show the effectiveness or benefits of screening for syphilis in gravidas in China. This study was to assess the effectiveness of a program preventing mother-to-child-transmission of syphilis and to reveal factors impacting the benefit.

Methods: A cohort of 159,017 gravidas were screened for syphilis by serologic methods and infected individuals were treated with 3 injections of 2.

[Analysis of the tandem-repeat polymorphisms in DC-SIGNR alleles among drug users population with or without HIV/HCV infection].

Objective: To study the distribution of DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR alleles among drug user (DUs) populations with or without HIV/HCV infection in Shenzhen, and to evaluate the role of these alleles in the construction of genetic resistance to HIV or HCV and screen out the anti-HIV/HCV gene in Shenzhen.

Methods: All 500 DU blood samples were collected from Shenzhen Detoxification Center, including 313 from injected drug users (IDUs). All samples were screened for HIV and HCV antibody by means of ELISA.

[Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains epidemic in Shenzhen].

Objective: To study the epidemic status of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes in Shenzhen and to study their transmission source and routes.

Methods: HIV-1 env and gag genes were amplified by nested PCR from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from 122 HIV-1 carriers confirmed in Shenzhen. The C2-V3 region (about 450 bp) of HIV-1 env and P17/ P24 region were sequenced.

Global human genetics of HIV-1 infection and China.

Genetic polymorphisms in human genes can influence the risk for HIV-1 infection and disease progression, although the reported effects of these alleles have been inconsistent. This review highlights the recent discoveries on global and Chinese genetic polymorphisms and their association with HIV-1 transmission and disease progression.