Orthostatic hypotension, falls and in-hospital mortality among elderly patients with and without type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: To evaluate the association of falls and in-hospital mortality with the presence of orthostatic hypotension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The study also aims to identify whether the orthostatic hypotension assessed at 1 min or at 3 min can predict falls and mortality, as a secondary objective to identify the predictors of fall during hospitalization.

Methods: We performed a prospective study with patients admitted to a university hospital.

Oral condition as a predictor of risk for malnutrition during hospitalization: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Malnutrition and poor oral health are common conditions in patients in the hospital. Both conditions are associated with poor systemic health. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between the oral condition and the nutrition status of individuals admitted to a large tertiary hospital.

Newest Diabetes-Related Technologies for Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes and Its Impact on Routine Care: a Narrative Synthesis of the Literature.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to address the actual state of the most advanced diabetes devices, as follows: continuous subcutaneous insulin infusions (CSII), continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGM), hybrid-closed loop (HCL) systems, and "Do-it-yourself" Artificial Pancreas Systems (DIYAPS) in children, adolescents, and young adults. This review has also the objective to assess the use of telemedicine for diabetes care across three different areas: education, social media, and daily care.

Recent Findings: Recent advances in diabetes technology after integration of CSII with CGM have increased the popularity of this treatment modality in pediatric age and shifted the standard diabetes management in many countries.

Pens versus syringes to deliver insulin among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent disease among elderly population. As the disease progresses, insulin may become necessary. The use of pens application seems to be more practical.

Patient-centered Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Specific Clinical Scenarios: Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis.

Introduction: New antihyperglycemic medications have been proven to have cardiovascular (CV) and renal benefits in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, an evidence-based decision tree in specific clinical scenarios is lacking.

Materials And Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with trial sequential analysis (TSA). Randomized controlled trial inclusion criteria were patients with T2DM from 1 of these subgroups: elderly, obese, previous atherosclerotic CV disease (ASCVD), previous coronary heart disease (CHD), previous heart failure (HF), or previous chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Sarcopenia and Type 2 diabetes mellitus as predictors of 2-year mortality after hospital discharge in a cohort of hospitalized older adults.

Introduction: Sarcopenia has been discussed as a possible predictor of mortality in the older people, but there are few studies evaluating the relationship between mortality and sarcopenia in the population of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), especially after hospital discharge.

Objective: To evaluate whether coexistence of sarcopenia and T2D predicts mortality after two years of hospital discharge in older patients compared to a control group without diabetes.

Methodology: A prospective study that included patients hospitalized between July 2015 and December 2017.

Self-monitoring blood glucose improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetes without intensive treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) on glycemic control in patients with type 2 Diabetes (T2D).

Methods: We searched the Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases up to 20 July 2017.

Higher fiber intake is associated with lower blood pressure levels in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Objective The present investigation sought to evaluate the potential association between dietary fiber intake and blood pressure (BP) in adult patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Subjects and methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in 111 outpatients with T1D from Porto Alegre, Brazil. Patients were predominantly male (56%) and white (88%), with a mean age of 40 ± 10 years, diabetes duration of 18 ± 9 years, BMI 24.

Saturated fatty acid intake decreases serum adiponectin levels in subjects with type 1 diabetes.

Background: Adiponectin is a protein secreted by adipose tissue. It plays a key role in insulin resistance and has anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic functions. Changes in diet can influence adiponectin levels.

Role of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in patients with acromegaly.

Background: Hypertension is associated with increased cardiovascular deaths in patients with acromegaly.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of blood pressure (BP) by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and office BP measurements to represent the real BP status in acromegalic patients and its relationship with acromegalic activity and echocardiogram parameters.

Patients And Methods: Cohort of 37 patients with acromegaly in a tertiary endocrine outpatient service.

Exercise on Progenitor Cells in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.

Purpose: To evaluate the acute effect of aerobic exercise (AE) and resistance exercise (RE) on the release of endothelial progenitor cell (EPCs, CD34+/KDR+/CD45 dim) and vascular function in type 1 diabetes (T1DM).

Methods: Fourteen men with T1DM and 5 nondiabetic controls were randomly assigned to 40-min AE (60% VO 2peak) and RE sessions (60% 1-RM). The study had a crossover design, and interventions were 1 wk apart.

Shift work and its association with metabolic disorders.

Although the health burden of shift work has not been extensively studied, evidence suggests that it may affect the metabolic balance and cause obesity and other metabolic disorders. Sleep deprivation, circadian desynchronization and behavioral changes in diet and physical activity are among the most commonly mentioned factors in studies of the association between night work and metabolic disorders. Individual adaptation to night work depends greatly on personal factors such as family and social life, but occupational interventions may also make a positive contribution to the transition to shift work, such as exposure to bright lights during the night shift, melatonin use, shift regularity and clockwise rotation, and dietary adaptations for the metabolic needs of night workers.

A successful case of Cushing's disease pregnancy treated with ketoconazole.

Purpose: The association of pregnancy and Cushing's disease (CD) is rare. Treatment of Cushing's syndrome (CS) is imperative to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity. Ketoconazole is a widely used drug for CS control when the woman is not pregnant but concerns about its teratogenicity and embryotoxicity restricted its use during pregnancy.

Fields of muscular and anhidrotic effects of 2 botulinum toxin-A commercial preparations: a prospective, double-blind, randomized, multicenter study.

Background: Longevity of effects and dose equivalence of different botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) preparations need to be better clarified because BoNT-A units are manufacturer-specific. These points are of particular importance for new brands emerging in the market.

Objective: To assess the field of muscular and anhidrotic effects of 2 commercial preparations of BoNT-A (incobotulinumtoxinA: Xeomin [XEO]; abobotulinumtoxinA: Dysport [DYS]) administered to the upper third of the face.

Evaluation of the DDAVP test in the diagnosis of Cushing's Disease.

Objective: To analyse the performance of the desmopressin (DDAVP) test in the diagnosis of Cushing's disease (CD).

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 124 patients with suspected hypercortisolism who were recruited from an outpatient endocrinology clinic and investigated for Cushing's syndrome (CS). The ACTH and cortisol responses to the DDAVP test were assessed to determine patient diagnosis and test the procedure's diagnostic accuracy.

Fiber intake and inflammation in type 1 diabetes.

Background: Higher intake of dietary fiber is associated with lower risk of coronary heart disease, the leading cause of mortality among people with type 1 diabetes. The protective effect includes the anti-inflammatory properties of some foods. Population-based studies have shown an inverse association between some nutritional habits and high sensitive -C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).

Quality of life and satisfaction of patients after full-face injections of abobotulinum toxin type A: A randomized, phase IV clinical trial.

Background: Although botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has been used effectively and safely to reduce facial dynamic wrinkles, few studies assessed patients' quality of life and satisfaction after treatment.

Objective: To assess the quality of life and satisfaction of patients treated with full-face injections of variable doses of abobotulinum toxin A (ABO).

Methods: Ninety subjects were randomized into 3 different groups, receiving 120-165 U, 166-205 U and 206-250 U, respectively.

Full-face injections of variable total doses of abobotulinum toxin type A: A randomized, phase IV clinical trial of safety and efficacy.

Background: Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has been used for almost 20 years in cosmetic dermatology to reduce dynamic wrinkles on single or multiple facial areas.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of full-face treatments with various total doses of abobotulinum toxin A (ABO).

Methods: A total of 90 participants were enrolled.

A comparative study of the anatomy of adipose tissue in areas with and without raised lesions of cellulite using magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Cellulite is considered a noninflammatory phenomenon characterized by alterations to the skin surface, with depressed and raised lesions. Few studies have evaluated subcutaneous fat in patients with cellulite, and there is no information about the anatomy of raised lesions.

Methods: Sixty women with raised cellulite lesions were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Fields of effects of 2 commercial preparations of botulinum toxin type A at equal labeled unit doses: a double-blind randomized trial.

Importance: This article provides new data on a controversial issue, the influence of doses on the diffusion characteristics of 2 botulinum toxins type A. OBJECTIVE To assess the fields of effect of abobotulinumtoxinA and onabotulinumtoxinA at the same labeled unit dose (1:1 U) comparing sweat gland and muscle activity.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A prospective, single-center, randomized, double-blind study was conducted at the Brazilian Center for Studies in Dermatology in Porto Alegre, Brazil.

[Dietary fiber--adequate intake and effects on metabolism health].

The positive effects of dietary fiber are related, in part, to the fact that a portion of the fermentation of components takes place in the large intestine, which has an impact on the speed of digestion, pH of the colon, and production of by-products with important physiological functions. Individuals with high fiber intake seem to have lower risk of developing coronary artery disease, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and colon cancer. The increase in fiber intake reduces serum cholesterol, improves blood glucose in patients with diabetes, reduces body weight, and is associated with lower serum ultrasensitive C-reactive protein.

Evaluation of Cushing's disease remission after transsphenoidal surgery based on early serum cortisol dynamics.

Objective: To evaluate the ability of post-transsphenoidal pituitary surgery (TSS) serum cortisol levels (s-cortisol) to predict surgical remission and recurrence of Cushing's disease (CD).

Design: One hundred and three patients with CD from a tertiary referral centre were prospectively analysed over 6·0 ± 4·8 years of follow-up. Twenty patients received perioperative glucocorticoids as routine care and had s-cortisol measured 10-12 days after TSS (Protocol I).

Coronary artery calcium score prediction of all cause mortality and cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To investigate the association of coronary artery calcium score with all cause mortality and cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Data Sources: Studies were identified from Embase, PubMed, and abstracts from the 2011 and 2012 annual meetings of the American Diabetes Association, European Association for the Study of Diabetes, American College of Cardiology, and American Heart Association (2011).

Evaluation of self-esteem and depression symptoms in depressed and nondepressed subjects treated with onabotulinumtoxinA for glabellar lines.

Background: Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injection has become the most popular cosmetic nonsurgical procedure, and it has been suggested that BoNT-A injections may improve emotional states when frown lines are treated.

Objectives: To evaluate symptoms of depression and self-esteem before and after onabotulinumtoxinA (ONA) injections in the glabella in subjects with and without depression.

Methods: Twenty-five subjects with depression were allocated into one group and 25 subjects without depression were matched to those according to demographic characteristics.

[Assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in Cushing's disease diagnosis and remission].

Cushing's disease (CD) remains a medical challenge, with many questions still unanswered. Successful treatment of CD patients is closely related to correct approach to syndromic and etiological diagnosis, besides the experience and talent of the neurosurgeon. Pituitary transsphenoidal adenomectomy is the treatment of choice for DC.