Regulates Infective Structural Differentiation Mediated by Physicochemical Signals from Pear Fruit Cuticular Wax, Stress Response, and Pathogenicity.

The high-osmolarity glycerol response kinase, , affects several cellular responses, but the precise regulatory role of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in the differentiation of the infective structure of induced by pear cuticular wax and hydrophobicity has not yet clarified. In this study, the in was identified and functionally characterized. has threonine-glycine-tyrosine (TGY) phosphorylation sites.

Regulates Differentiation of Infection Structures Induced by Physicochemical Signals From Pear Fruit Cuticular Wax, Secondary Metabolism, and Pathogenicity of .

, the casual agent of black rot of pear fruit, can sense and respond to the physicochemical cues from the host surface and form infection structures during infection. To evaluate the role of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (cAMP-PKA) signaling in surface sensing of , we isolated and functionally characterized the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase A catalytic subunit gene (). Gene expression results showed that was strongly expressed during the early stages of appressorium formation on hydrophobic surfaces.

Phospholipase C From Is Induced by Physiochemical Cues on the Pear Fruit Surface That Dictate Infection Structure Differentiation and Pathogenicity.

To investigate the mechanisms of phospholipase C (PLC)-mediated calcium (Ca) signaling in , the regulatory roles of PLC were elucidated using neomycin, a specific inhibitor of PLC activity. Three isotypes of PLC designated , , and were identified in through genome sequencing. qRT-PCR analysis showed that fruit wax extracts significantly upregulated the expression of all three PLC genes .

2-Phenylethyl Isothiocyanate Exerts Antifungal Activity against by Affecting Membrane Integrity and Mycotoxin Production.

Black spot caused by is one of the important diseases of pear fruit during storage. Isothiocyanates are known as being strong antifungal compounds in vitro against different fungi. The aim of this study was to assess the antifungal effects of the volatile compound 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate (2-PEITC) against in vitro and in pear fruit, and to explore the underlying inhibitory mechanisms.

Benzyl isothiocyanate fumigation inhibits growth, membrane integrity and mycotoxin production in .

The antifungal activity of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) against pear pathotype-, the causal agent of pear black spot, and its possible mechanisms were studied. The results indicated that both the spore germination and mycelial growth of were significantly inhibited by BITC in a dose-dependent manner. BITC concentrations at 1.