The impact of diurnal variations on emergence delirium following general anesthesia and surgery in children.

Background: Emergence delirium (ED) is a widely recognized issue that prolongs mechanical ventilation and post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) resuscitation time, consequently increasing hospital costs and mortality. Postoperative disturbance in circadian rhythms, commonly leading to sleep disorders, has been identified as a significant risk factor for ED. However, the influence of surgery timing (morning vs.

Local-Peak Scale-Invariant Feature Transform for Fast and Random Image Stitching.

Image stitching aims to construct a wide field of view with high spatial resolution, which cannot be achieved in a single exposure. Typically, conventional image stitching techniques, other than deep learning, require complex computation and are thus computationally expensive, especially for stitching large raw images. In this study, inspired by the multiscale feature of fluid turbulence, we developed a fast feature point detection algorithm named local-peak scale-invariant feature transform (LP-SIFT), based on the multiscale local peaks and scale-invariant feature transform method.

Metabolic and protein expression responses of Shewanella baltica in golden pomfret broths to slightly acidic electrolysed water.

Shewanella baltica is a specific spoilage organism of golden pomfret. This study aims to explore the antibacterial mechanism of slightly acidic electrolysed water (SAEW) against S. baltica (strains ABa4, ABe2 and BBe1) in golden pomfret broths by metabolomics, proteomics and bioinformatics analyses.

Advances in understanding the graft healing mechanism: a review of factors and regulatory pathways.

Grafting is a widely used technique for asexual plant reproduction, especially in agriculture and forestry. This procedure is used to shorten the seedling period, improve the structure of scion branches, and help plants adapt to difficult environments. Although grafting has numerous benefits, several obstacles remain to be overcome.

Plant YABBY transcription factors: a review of gene expression, biological functions, and prospects.

Transcription factors often contain several different functional regions, including DNA-binding domains, and play an important regulatory role in plant growth, development, and the response to external stimuli. YABYY transcription factors are plant-specific and contain two special domains (N-terminal CC zinc-finger and C-terminal helix-loop-helix domains) that are indispensable. Specifically, YABBY transcription factors play key roles in maintaining the polarity of the adaxial-abaxial axis of leaves, as well as in regulating: vegetative and reproductive growth, hormone response, stress resistance, and secondary metabolite synthesis in plants.

PHF2 regulates genome topology and DNA replication in neural stem cells via cohesin.

Cohesin plays a crucial role in the organization of topologically-associated domains (TADs), which influence gene expression and DNA replication timing. Whether epigenetic regulators may affect TADs via cohesin to mediate DNA replication remains elusive. Here, we discover that the histone demethylase PHF2 associates with RAD21, a core subunit of cohesin, to regulate DNA replication in mouse neural stem cells (NSC).

METTL8 links mt-tRNA mC modification to the HIF1α/RTK/Akt axis to sustain GBM stemness and tumorigenicity.

Epitranscriptomic RNA modifications are crucial for the maintenance of glioma stem cells (GSCs), the most malignant cells in glioblastoma (GBM). 3-methylcytosine (mC) is a new epitranscriptomic mark on RNAs and METTL8 represents an mC writer that is dysregulated in cancer. Although METTL8 has an established function in mitochondrial tRNA (mt-tRNA) mC modification, alternative splicing of METTL8 can also generate isoforms that localize to the nucleolus where they may regulate R-loop formation.

Hepatocyte-intrinsic SMN deficiency drives metabolic dysfunction and liver steatosis in spinal muscular atrophy.

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is typically characterized as a motor neuron disease, but extra-neuronal phenotypes are present in almost every organ in severely affected patients and animal models. Extra-neuronal phenotypes were previously underappreciated as patients with severe SMA phenotypes usually died in infancy; however, with current treatments for motor neurons increasing patient lifespan, impaired function of peripheral organs may develop into significant future comorbidities and lead to new treatment-modified phenotypes. Fatty liver is seen in SMA animal models , but generalizability to patients and whether this is due to hepatocyte-intrinsic Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) protein deficiency and/or subsequent to skeletal muscle denervation is unknown.

Associating Knee Osteoarthritis Progression with Temporal-Regional Graph Convolutional Network Analysis on MR Images.

Background: Artificial intelligence shows promise in assessing knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression on MR images, but faces challenges in accuracy and interpretability.

Purpose: To introduce a temporal-regional graph convolutional network (TRGCN) on MR images to study the association between knee OA progression status and network outcome.

Study Type: Retrospective.

[Discussion on internal fixation of Hoffa fractures].

Hoffa fracture is an unstable intra-articular fracture with significant redisplacement tendency. It is easy to be missed diagnosis when accompanied by distal intercondylar or supracondylar fracture of femur. CT scan is the gold standard for the diagnosis of Hoffa fracture.

Prophylactic Epidural Blood Patch or Prophylactic Epidural Infusion of Hydroxyethyl Starch in Preventing Post-Dural Puncture Headache - A Retrospective Study.

Background: Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is particularly likely to happen in patients under obstetric care due to an unintentional dural puncture (UDP). There is as yet no ideal strategy for preventing UDP-induced PDPH.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess whether a prophylactic epidural blood patch (EBP) or prophylactic epidural infusion of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is effective in preventing PDPH for parturients with UDP compared with conservative treatments.

Altered intestinal barrier contributes to cognitive impairment in old mice with constipation after sevoflurane anesthesia.

Background: Elderly patients have a high risk of developing postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Gastrointestinal disorders, such as constipation, in the elderly population may be involved in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders by promoting inflammatory responses due to a 'leaky gut'. General anesthetic sevoflurane may impair gastrointestinal function in elderly patients to trigger neurological complications following surgery.

CAMK2D serves as a molecular scaffold for RNF8-MAD2 complex to induce mitotic checkpoint in glioma.

MAD2 is a spindle assembly checkpoint protein that participates in the formation of mitotic checkpoint complex, which blocks mitotic progression. RNF8, an established DNA damage response protein, has been implicated in mitotic checkpoint regulation but its exact role remains poorly understood. Here, RNF8 proximity proteomics uncovered a role of RNF8-MAD2 in generating the mitotic checkpoint signal.

Morphology, sucrose metabolism and gene network reveal the molecular mechanism of seed fiber development in poplar.

Poplar is an important tree species for ecological protection, wood production, bioenergy and urban greening; it has been widely planted worldwide. However, the catkin fibers produced by female poplars can cause environmental pollution and safety hazards during spring. This study focused on Populus tomentosa, and revealed the sucrose metabolism regulatory mechanism of catkin fibers development from morphological, physiological and molecular aspects.

PTA-Det: Point Transformer Associating Point Cloud and Image for 3D Object Detection.

In autonomous driving, 3D object detection based on multi-modal data has become an indispensable perceptual approach when facing complex environments around the vehicle. During multi-modal detection, LiDAR and a camera are simultaneously applied for capturing and modeling. However, due to the intrinsic discrepancies between the LiDAR point and camera image, the fusion of the data for object detection encounters a series of problems, which results in most multi-modal detection methods performing worse than LiDAR-only methods.

Flow Cytometry with Anti-Diffraction Light Sheet (ADLS) by Spatial Light Modulation.

Flow cytometry is a widespread and powerful technique whose resolution is determined by its capacity to accurately distinguish fluorescently positive populations from negative ones. However, most informative results are discarded while performing the measurements of conventional flow cytometry, e.g.

Domain-specific p53 mutants activate EGFR by distinct mechanisms exposing tissue-independent therapeutic vulnerabilities.

Mis-sense mutations affecting TP53 promote carcinogenesis both by inactivating tumor suppression, and by conferring pro-carcinogenic activities. We report here that p53 DNA-binding domain (DBD) and transactivation domain (TAD) mis-sense mutants unexpectedly activate pro-carcinogenic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling via distinct, previously unrecognized molecular mechanisms. DBD- and TAD-specific TP53 mutants exhibited different cellular localization and induced distinct gene expression profiles.

Prediction model for knee osteoarthritis using magnetic resonance-based radiomic features from the infrapatellar fat pad: data from the osteoarthritis initiative.

Background: The infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) plays an important role in the incidence of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Magnetic resonance (MR) signal heterogeneity of the IPFP is related to pathologic changes. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the IPFP radiomic features have predictive value for incident radiographic knee OA (iROA) 1 year prior to iROA diagnosis.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Detection and Localization of Unobturated Second Mesial Buccal (MB2) Canals in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).

The aim of this study was to develop a deep learning model to automatically detect and segment unobturated mesial buccal 2 (MB2) canals on endodontically obturated maxillary molars depicted in CBCT studies. Fifty-seven deidentified CBCT studies of maxillary molars with clinically confirmed unobturated MB2 canals were retrieved from a dental institution radiology database. One-hundred and two maxillary molar roots with and without unobturated MB2 canals were segmented using ITK-SNAP.

Phosphosites of the yeast centrosome component Spc110 contribute to cell cycle progression and mitotic exit.

Spc110 is an essential component of the spindle pole body (SPB), the yeast equivalent of the centrosome, that recruits the γ-tubulin complex to the nuclear side of the SPB to produce the microtubules that form the mitotic spindle. Here, we identified phosphosites S11 and S36 in maternally originated Spc110 and explored their functions in vivo. Yeast expressing non-phosphorylatable Spc110S11A had a distinct spindle phenotype characterised by higher levels of α-tubulin, which was frequently asymmetrically distributed between the two SPBs.

Two fully automated data-driven 3D whole-breast segmentation strategies in MRI for MR-based breast density using image registration and U-Net with a focus on reproducibility.

Presence of higher breast density (BD) and persistence over time are risk factors for breast cancer. A quantitatively accurate and highly reproducible BD measure that relies on precise and reproducible whole-breast segmentation is desirable. In this study, we aimed to develop a highly reproducible and accurate whole-breast segmentation algorithm for the generation of reproducible BD measures.