Understanding older adults' acceptance of Chatbots in healthcare delivery: an extended UTAUT model.

Background: Chatbots are increasingly integrated into the lives of older adults to assist with health and wellness tasks. This study aimed to understand the factors that enhance older adults' acceptance of chatbots in healthcare delivery.

Methods: This study proposed an extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model (UTAUT), including aging factors of perceived physical condition, self-actualization needs, and technology anxiety.

Electrical Control of Magnetic Resonance in Phase Change Materials.

Metal-insulator transitions (MITs) in resistive switching materials can be triggered by an electric stimulus that produces significant changes in the electrical response. When these phases have distinct magnetic characteristics, dramatic changes in the spin excitations are also expected. The transition metal oxide LaSrMnO (LSMO) is a ferromagnetic metal at low temperatures and a paramagnetic insulator above room temperature.

Efficient Spin-Orbit Torque Generation in Semiconducting WTe with Hopping Transport.

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) from transition metal dichalcogenide systems (TMDs) in conjunction with ferromagnetic materials are recently found to be attractive in spintronics for their versatile features. However, most of the previously studied crystalline TMDs are prepared by mechanical exfoliation, which limits their potentials for industrial applications. Here, we show that amorphous WTe heterostructures deposited by magnetron sputtering possess a sizable damping-like SOT efficiency of ξ ≈ 0.

IL-21 arming potentiates the anti-tumor activity of an oncolytic vaccinia virus in monotherapy and combination therapy.

Background: Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have shown promise in containing cancer progression in both animal models and clinical trials. How to further improve the efficacy of OVs are intensively explored. Arming OVs with immunoregulatory molecules has emerged as an important means to enhance their oncolytic activities majorly based on the mechanism of reverting the immunosuppressive nature of tumor environment.

Freeze-Drying Formulations Increased the Adenovirus and Poxvirus Vaccine Storage Times and Antigen Stabilities.

Successful vaccines induce specific immune responses and protect against various viral and bacterial infections. Noninactivated vaccines, especially viral vector vaccines such as adenovirus and poxvirus vaccines, dominate the vaccine market because their viral particles are able to replicate and proliferate in vivo and produce lasting immunity in a manner similar to natural infection. One challenge of human and livestock vaccination is vaccine stability related to the antigenicity and infectivity.

Reveal a hidden highly toxic substance in biochar to support its effective elimination strategy.

With the aim to develop optimized biochar with minimal contaminants, it is important significance to broaden the understanding of biochar. Here, we disclose for the first time, a highly toxic substance (metal cyanide, MCN, such as KCN or NaCN) in biochar. The cyanide ion (CN) content in biochar can be up to 85,870 mg/kg, which is determined by the inherent metal content and type in the biomass with K and Na increasing and Ca, Mg and Fe decreasing its formation.

IFN-κ suppresses the replication of influenza A viruses through the IFNAR-MAPK-Fos-CHD6 axis.

Type I interferons (IFNs) are the first line of defense against viral infection. Using a mouse model of influenza A virus infection, we found that IFN-κ was one of the earliest responding type I IFNs after infection with H9N2, a low-pathogenic avian influenza A virus, whereas this early induction did not occur upon infection with the epidemic-causing H7N9 virus. IFN-κ efficiently suppressed the replication of various influenza viruses in cultured human lung cells, and chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 6 (CHD6) was the major effector for the antiviral activity of IFN-κ, but not for that of IFN-α or IFN-β.

Efficient Spin-Orbit Torque Switching with Nonepitaxial Chalcogenide Heterostructures.

The spin-orbit torques (SOTs) generated from topological insulators (TIs) have gained increasing attention in recent years. These TIs, which are typically formed by epitaxially grown chalcogenides, possess extremely high SOT efficiencies and have great potential to be employed in next-generation spintronics devices. However, epitaxy of these chalcogenides is required to ensure the existence of the topologically protected surface state (TSS), which limits the feasibility of using these materials in industry.

Spin-orbit torque magnetometry by wide-field magneto-optical Kerr effect.

Magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) is an efficient approach to probe surface magnetization in thin film samples. Here we present a wide-field MOKE technique that adopts a Köhler illumination scheme to characterize the current-induced damping-like spin-orbit torque (DL-SOT) in micron-sized and unpatterned magnetic heterostructures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Through a current-induced hysteresis loop shift analysis, we quantify the DL-SOT efficiency of a Ta-based heterostructure with bar-shaped geometry, Hall-cross geometry, and unpatterned geometry to be |ξ | ≈ 0.

Clonally diverse CD38HLA-DRCD8 T cells persist during fatal H7N9 disease.

Severe influenza A virus (IAV) infection is associated with immune dysfunction. Here, we show circulating CD8 T-cell profiles from patients hospitalized with avian H7N9, seasonal IAV, and influenza vaccinees. Patient survival reflects an early, transient prevalence of highly activated CD38HLA-DRPD-1 CD8 T cells, whereas the prolonged persistence of this set is found in ultimately fatal cases.

Zika virus infects renal proximal tubular epithelial cells with prolonged persistency and cytopathic effects.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection can cause fetal developmental abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Although progress has been made in understanding the link between ZIKV infection and microcephaly, the pathology of ZIKV, particularly the viral reservoirs in human, remains poorly understood. Several studies have shown that compared to serum samples, patients' urine samples often have a longer duration of ZIKV persistency and higher viral load.

Evaluation of landscape coverings to reduce soil lead hazards in urban residential yards: The Safer Yards Project.

This study was designed primarily to evaluate the effectiveness of landscape coverings to reduce the potential for exposure to lead-contaminated soil in an urban neighborhood. Residential properties were randomized in to three groups: application of ground coverings/barriers plus placement of a raised garden bed (RB), application of ground coverings/barriers only (no raised bed, NRB), and control. Outcomes evaluated soil lead concentration (employing a weighting method to assess acute hazard soil lead [areas not fully covered] and potential hazard soil lead [all soil surfaces regardless of covering status]), density of landscape coverings (6 = heavy, > 90% covered; 1 = bare, < 10% covered), lead tracked onto carpeted entryway floor mats, and entryway floor dust lead loadings.

Persistence and emergence of anemia in children during participation in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children.

Context: The prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia in children has decreased owing to the provision of iron-containing infant formula and cereal and food vouchers to children enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).

Objective: To determine the prevalence of anemia and changes in anemia status in children receiving WIC supplementation.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of information on WIC participants.