Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the deadliest malignant tumor, with a grim 5-year overall survival rate of about 12%. As its incidence and mortality rates rise, it is likely to become the second-leading cause of cancer-related death. The radiological assessment determined the stage and management of PDAC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWalnut (Juglans regia), an important contributor to oil production among woody plants, encounters research constraints due to difficulties in the subcellular localization and functional analysis of its proteins. These limitations arise from the protracted fruiting cycle and the absence of a reliable transient gene transformation system and organelle markers. In this study, we established a transient expression system using walnut protoplasts and generated fluorescent-tagged organelle markers, whose localization was validated against Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) organelle markers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTimely and precise identification of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) within 4.5 h is imperative for effective treatment decision-making. This study aims to construct a novel network that utilizes limited datasets to recognize AIS patients within this critical window.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstablishing reliable noninvasive tools to precisely diagnose clinically significant liver fibrosis (SF, ≥F2) remains an unmet need. We aimed to build a combined radiomics-clinic (CoRC) model for triaging SF and explore the additive value of the CoRC model to transient elastography-based liver stiffness measurement (FibroScan, TE-LSM). This retrospective study recruited 595 patients with biopsy-proven liver fibrosis at two centers between January 2015 and December 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) contributes to the development of degenerative skeletal conditions. To date, the molecular mechanism resulting in BMSC senescence has not been fully understood. In this study, we identified a small non-coding RNA, miR-203-3p, the expression of which was elevated in BMSCs from aged mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
July 2024
In the search for high-stiffness and damage-tolerant materials, Fe-based ABX carbide and nitride anti-perovskites were studied using first-principles calculations. These perovskites were found to be stable in cubic structures, as substantiated by the formation energy, elastic Born stability criterion, and phonon dispersion spectrum analysis. The GGA functional was applied for geometry optimization, and the lattice constants are found to be 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study aimed to investigate the value of a deep learning (DL) model based on greyscale ultrasound (US) images for precise assessment and accurate diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS).
Methods: This was a multicentre prospective analysis. All pSS patients were diagnosed according to 2016 ACR/EULAR criteria.
Probucol has been utilized as a cholesterol-lowering drug with antioxidative properties. However, the impact and fundamental mechanisms of probucol in obesity-related cognitive decline are unclear. In this study, male C57BL/6J mice were allocated to a normal chow diet (NCD) group or a high-fat diet (HFD) group, followed by administration of probucol to half of the mice on the HFD regimen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Large language models (LLMs) possess a range of capabilities which may be applied to the clinical domain, including text summarization. As ambient artificial intelligence scribes and other LLM-based tools begin to be deployed within healthcare settings, rigorous evaluations of the accuracy of these technologies are urgently needed.
Objective: To investigate the performance of GPT-4 and GPT-3.
Gastroenterology
September 2024
PCOS is a widespread disease that primarily caused in-pregnancy in pregnant-age women. Normoandrogen (NA) and Hyperandrogen (HA) PCOS are distinct subtypes of PCOS, while bio-markers and expression patterns for NA PCOS and HA PCOS have not been disclosed. We performed microarray analysis on granusola cells from NA PCOS, HA PCOS and normal tissue from 12 individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetal doping plays a key role in overcoming inefficient extracellular electron transfer between electrode interface and electricity-producing microorganisms. However, it is unknown whether different metals play distinctive roles in the doping process. Herein, three different metal ions (Fe, Ni and Cu) are added to the spinning precursor to obtain the corresponding electrospinning metal doped carbon nanofibers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Undetectable occult liver metastases block the long-term survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aimed to develop a radiomics-based model to predict occult liver metastases and assess its prognostic capacity for survival.
Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent surgical resection and were pathologically proven with PDAC were recruited retrospectively from five tertiary hospitals between January 2015 and December 2020.
This paper examines the long-term effects of health insurance on children's educational attainment in a developing country. Utilizing the county-by-county rollout of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme in rural China, we find that exposure to the health insurance program in early life leads to improved educational attainment in adulthood. Empirical tests suggest that a short-term increase in health care utilization is unlikely to be a potential channel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this paper, the adsorption behavior of group III nitrides (B12N12, Al12N12, and Ga12N12) nanocages to sulforaphane (SF) anticancer medicine were studied by density functional theory (DFT). The adsorption energy, solvation energy, desorption time and related quantum molecular descriptors were calculated in neutral and acidic solutions. When the drugs were adsorbed to nanocages, the structure of nanocages and drugs changed after adsorption, indicating that the process was effective adsorption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study investigated the influence of different surface treatments on unfiring or firing zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) glass-ceramics. Celtra Duo and IPS e.max CAD blocks were cut and process following manufacturer protocols.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmRNA vaccines have emerged as highly effective strategies in the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases, thanks largely although not totally to their extraordinary performance in recent years against the worldwide plague COVID-19. The huge superiority of mRNA vaccines regarding their efficacy, safety, and large-scale manufacture encourages pharmaceutical industries and biotechnology companies to expand their application to a diverse array of diseases, despite the nonnegligible problems in design, fabrication, and mode of administration. This review delves into the technical underpinnings of mRNA vaccines, covering mRNA design, synthesis, delivery, and adjuvant technologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. HCC exhibits strong inter-tumor heterogeneity, with different biological characteristics closely associated with prognosis. In addition, patients with HCC often distribute at different stages and require diverse treatment options at each stage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Aims: Distinct vascular patterns, including microvascular invasion (MVI) and vessels encapsulating tumour clusters (VETC), are associated with poor outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Imaging surrogates of these vascular patterns potentially help to predict post-resection recurrence. Herein, a prognostic model integrating imaging-based surrogates of these distinct vascular patterns was developed to predict postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with HCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To develop and validate a machine learning model based on contrast-enhanced CT to predict the risk of occurrence of the composite clinical endpoint (hospital-based intervention or death) in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding (AVB).
Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 330 cirrhotic patients with AVB between January 2017 and December 2020 from three clinical centers. Contrast-enhanced CT and clinical data were collected.
Cancer cell metabolism contributes to the establishment of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Aberrant expression of CD73, a critical enzyme in ATP metabolism, on the cell surface results in the extracellular accumulation of adenosine, which exhibits direct inhibitory effects on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. However, little is known about the influence of CD73 on negative immune regulation-associated signaling molecules and transduction pathways inside tumor cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) may help determine treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Purpose To develop a radiomics approach for predicting MVI status based on preoperative multiphase CT images and to identify MVI-associated differentially expressed genes. Materials and Methods Patients with pathologically proven HCC from May 2012 to September 2020 were retrospectively included from four medical centers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper employs a difference-in-differences strategy to examine the causal effect of exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic on interpersonal trust amidst zero-COVID policies in China. Using a nationally representative panel survey, we find that COVID-19 exposure leads to a decrease in the levels of generalized trust. We also show that the change in interpersonal trust varies across domains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF