Publications by authors named "Tianyu Lei"

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy represents a pivotal advancement in tumor immunotherapy by restoring the cytotoxic lymphocytes' anti-tumor activity through the modulation of immune checkpoint functions. Nevertheless, many patients experience suboptimal therapeutic outcomes, likely due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, drug resistance, and other factors. Single-cell RNA sequencing has assisted to precisely investigate the immune infiltration patterns before and after ICB treatment, enabling a high-resolution depiction of previously unrecognized functional interaction among immune checkpoints.

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The use of digital tools has become essential for quantifying and predicting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), enabling the development of operational regimes with a high probability of achieving net-zero targets. However, comprehensive studies documenting validation of model predictions-such as effluent quality, process economics, and emission factors-remain scarce within full-scale industrial settings. This paper aims to develop a decision support tool (DST) for (dynamically) predicting nitrous oxide (NO) emissions in full-scale industrial activated sludge reactors (ASRs) and suggesting mitigation strategies.

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P-selectin (SELP) expression in tumor cells has been implicated in promoting tumor progression and treatment resistance across various cancers. However, our prior study identified SELP expression in a specific subpopulation of endothelial cells within cervical cancer (CC) and potentially linked to anti-cancer immune response. The precise mechanisms by which SELP influences anti-cancer immunity and its involvement in radiotherapy response in CC, however, remain elusive.

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Swine Glasser's disease, instigated by (), is a significant bacterial infection that causes substantial economic losses in pig farming operations. The role of mucosal immunity is pivotal in defending against . This study focused on the construction of PLGA microspheres that encapsulate the outer membrane protein OMP16 from (PLGA-OMP16) and evaluated their immunological effectiveness in a mouse model.

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Article Synopsis
  • RNA modifications are epigenetic changes that impact RNA structure and function, influencing cancer development and treatment strategies.
  • Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies, like PD-1 blockade and anti-CTLA-4, have revolutionized cancer treatment but show variable effectiveness among patients.
  • This review details the roles of four key RNA modifications, especially m6A, in immune cell function and their implications for enhancing immunotherapy outcomes, gene editing, cancer vaccines, and T cell therapies.
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Background: Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) primarily affects poultry, particularly chickens, leading to tumourigenesis and immunosuppression, which results in substantial economic losses. It is important to note that ALV-J is commonly found in indigenous chicken breeds in China, and the virus's vertical transmission characteristics present a significant threat to the preservation of local chicken breeds.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the characteristics and effects of the recombinant ALV-J strain LY2021J, with a focus on its genetic composition and its potential influence on virulence and pathogenicity.

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Article Synopsis
  • PODXL is a protein found in tumor cells, especially in cervical cancer, but its exact role in cancer growth after treatment is not clear.
  • Researchers studied samples from 180 cervical cancer patients and found that PODXL is mostly present in special blood vessel cells called tumor endothelial cells (TECs).
  • Higher levels of PODXL in these cells were linked to worse survival rates for patients after they received radiation or chemotherapy, suggesting that targeting PODXL could help in treatment.
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Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) play a critical role in cancer immunity by offering quick and effective immune responses. However, the cellular heterogeneity of TRMs and their significance in cervical cancer (CC) remain unknown. In this study, we generated and analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data from 12,945 TRMs (ITGAE CD3D) and 25,627 non-TRMs (ITGAE CD3D), derived from 11 CC tissues and 5 normal cervical tissues.

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Introduction: Avian leukosis, a viral disease affecting birds such as chickens, presents significant challenges in poultry farming due to tumor formation, decreased egg production, and increased mortality. Despite the absence of a commercial vaccine, avian leukosis virus (ALV) infections have been extensively documented, resulting in substantial economic losses in the poultry industry. This study aimed to develop alginate-chitosan composite microspheres loaded with ALV-J Gp85 protein (referred to as aCHP-gp85) as a potential vaccine candidate.

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All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) based on inorganic solid electrolytes fascinate a large body of researchers in terms of overcoming the inferior energy density and safety issues of existing lithium-ion batteries. To date, the cathode designs in the ASSBs achieve remarkable achievements, adding the urgency of scaling up the battery system toward inorganic solid-state pouch cell configuration for the application market. Herein, the recent developments of cathode materials and the design considerations for their application in the pouch cell format are reviewed to straighten out the roadmap of ASSBs.

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As indicated by longitudinal observation, autism has difficulty controlling emotions to a certain extent in early childhood, and most children's emotional and behavioral problems are further aggravated with the growth of age. This study aimed at exploring the correlation between white matter and white matter fiber bundle connectivity characteristics and their emotional regulation ability in children with autism using machine learning methods, which can lay an empirical basis for early clinical intervention of autism. Fifty-five high risk of autism spectrum disorder (HR-ASD) children and 52 typical development (TD) children were selected to complete the skull 3D-T1 structure and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

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While layered metal oxides remain the dominant cathode materials for the state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries, conversion-type cathodes such as sulfur present unique opportunities in developing cheaper, safer, and more energy-dense next-generation battery technologies. There has been remarkable progress in advancing the laboratory scale lithium-sulfur (Li-S) coin cells to a high level of performance. However, the relevant strategies cannot be readily translated to practical cell formats such as pouch cells and even battery pack.

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Tumor-infiltrating T cells recognize, attack, and clear tumor cells, playing a central role in antitumor immune response. However, certain immune cells can impair this response and help tumor immune escape. Therefore, exploring the factors that influence T-cell infiltration is crucial to understand tumor immunity and improve therapeutic effect of cancer immunotherapy.

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Article Synopsis
  • Pseudogenes, once thought to be nonfunctional, can actually regulate gene expression and influence tumor growth; OR7E47P is identified as a key player in lung adenocarcinoma.
  • Clinical data were analyzed to associate OR7E47P with immune genes in lung squamous cell carcinoma, leading to the identification of two distinct OR7E47P clusters based on immune characteristics.
  • The findings reveal that one cluster (Cluster 2) shows higher immune cell infiltration and better immune responses, and a predictive model (ORPScore) based on select immune-related genes was developed for assessing immunotherapy outcomes.
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Dendritic cells (DCs) serve as a pivotal link connecting innate and adaptive immunity by processing tumor-derived antigens and activating T cells. The advent of single-cell sequencing has revolutionized the categorization of DCs, enabling a high-resolution characterization of the previously unrecognized diversity of DC populations infiltrating the intricate tumor microenvironment (TME). The application of single-cell sequencing technologies has effectively elucidated the heterogeneity of DCs present in the tumor milieu, yielding invaluable insights into their subpopulation structures and functional diversity.

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The LiPSCl electrolyte gains significant attention due to its ultrahigh ionic conductivity and cost-effectiveness in halogen-rich lithium argyrodite solid electrolytes. The conventional synthetic method for obtaining the electrolyte involves mechanical milling followed by post-annealing. However, these synthesis methods typically involve high milling speeds, elevated temperatures, and prolonged durations, resulting in both high energy consumption and potential damage to the electrolyte.

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The safe operation of rechargeable batteries is crucial because of numerous instances of fire and explosion mishaps. However, battery chemistry involving metallic lithium (Li) as the anode is prone to thermal runaway in flammable organic electrolytes under abusive conditions. Herein, an in situ encapsulation strategy is proposed to construct nonflammable quasi-solid electrolytes through the radical polymerization of a hexafluorobutyl acrylate (HFBA) monomer and a pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETEA) crosslinker.

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Cancer treatment has evolved rapidly due to major advances in tumor immunity research. However, due to the complexity, heterogeneity, and immunosuppressive microenvironment of tumors, the overall efficacy of immunotherapy is only 20%. In recent years, nanoparticles have attracted more attention in the field of cancer immunotherapy because of their remarkable advantages in biocompatibility, precise targeting, and controlled drug delivery.

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An ancient hexaploidization event in the most but not all Asteraceae plants, may have been responsible for shaping the genomes of many horticultural, ornamental, and medicinal plants that promoting the prosperity of the largest angiosperm family on the earth. However, the duplication process of this hexaploidy, as well as the genomic and phenotypic diversity of extant Asteraceae plants caused by paleogenome reorganization, are still poorly understood. We analyzed 11 genomes from 10 genera in Asteraceae, and redated the Asteraceae common hexaploidization (ACH) event ~70.

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Article Synopsis
  • Lithium metal batteries could replace lithium-ion batteries due to their high energy storage but face issues with instability in the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and dendrite growth.
  • The study introduces a composite SEI (C-SEI) combining a fluorine doped boron nitride (F-BN) inner layer and a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) outer layer, which improves ionic transport and prevents electrolyte breakdown.
  • Results show the C-SEI enables a dendrite-free lithium anode with over 1200 hours of stable cycling and 62.3% better capacity retention after 100 cycles, suggesting a promising solution for lithium metal battery applications.
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Lithium metal batteries are intensively studied due to the potential to bring up breakthroughs in high energy density devices. However, the inevitable growth of dendrites will cause the rapid failure of battery especially under high current density. Herein, the utilization of tetrachloroethylene (C Cl ) is reported as the electrolyte additive to induce the formation of the LiCl-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI).

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Radiochemotherapy (RCT) is a powerful treatment for cervical cancer, which affects not only malignant cells but also the immune and stromal compartments of the tumor. Understanding the remodeling of the local ecosystem induced by RCT would provide valuable insights into improving treatment strategies for cervical cancer. In this study, we applied single-cell RNA-sequencing to paired pre- and post-RCT tumor biopsies from patients with cervical cancer and adjacent normal cervical tissues.

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The intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity of epithelial cells in human papillomavirus (HPV ) cervical adenocarcinoma (CEAD) remains largely unknown. To investigate this issue, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on 19 229 epithelial cells sorted from three tumor samples of three patients with HPV CEAD. Six epithelial subclusters (Epi1-Epi6) were identified that showed distinct gene expression.

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Viral infections trigger a wide range of immune responses thought to drive tumorigenesis and malignant progression. Dissecting virus-induced changes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is therefore crucial to identify key leukocyte populations that may represent novel targets for cancer therapy. Single-cell sequencing approaches have now been widely applied to the analysis of various tumors, thus enabling multiomics characterization of the highly heterogeneous TIME that bulk-sequencing cannot fully elucidate.

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