Independent and joint effect of central and brachial SBP on incident stroke in hypertensive adults.

Objective: It is unclear whether central SBP (cSBP) is an independent predictor of stroke above and beyond brachial SBP (bSBP). This study aimed to investigate the difference between cSBP and bSBP in predicting first stroke and the joint effect of cSBP and bSBP on the risk of first stroke in hypertensive adults.

Methods: A total of 8122 hypertensive adults without stroke history were included in this study.

Repeated high-dose esketamine in early postnatal rats leads to behavioural deficits with long-term modifications in white matter microstructural integrity.

Esketamine is commonly used for sedation or general anaesthesia in infants and young children. However, repeated esketamine administration during periods of rapid brain growth and development may result in various pathophysiological and cognitive changes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of recurrent esketamine exposure on long-term behavioural and white matter consequences.

Prime number factorization and degree of coherence of speckled light beams.

We discover a connection between a Gauss sum of number theory and the degree of coherence (DOC) of the field in a transverse plane of structured speckled light beams. We theoretically demonstrate and experimentally validate that prime number factorization can be achieved by manipulating the source beam's DOC in Young's double-slit experiment. The determination of whether a number can be factored is based solely on the visibility of the resulting interference patterns.

Rosiglitazone Promotes Oligodendrocyte Development and Myelin Formation of Repeated Neonatal Sevoflurane Exposure via PPARγ Signaling.

Sevoflurane is one of the most commonly used general anesthetics for children and infants. Recent research indicates that repeated exposure to sevoflurane in neonates induces cognitive and fine motor deficits. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) agonists have garnered significant attention as potential therapies for a variety of neurological conditions.

Depletion of TDP-43 exacerbates tauopathy-dependent brain atrophy by sensitizing vulnerable neurons to caspase 3-mediated endoproteolysis of tau in a mouse model of Multiple Etiology Dementia.

TDP-43 proteinopathy, initially disclosed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), coexists with tauopathy in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders, termed multiple etiology dementias (MEDs), including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). While such co-pathology of TDP-43 is strongly associated with worsened neurodegeneration and steeper cognitive decline, the pathogenic mechanism underlying the exacerbated neuron loss remains elusive. The loss of TDP-43 splicing repression that occurs in presymptomatic ALS-FTD individuals suggests that such early loss could facilitate the pathological conversion of tau to accelerate neuron loss.

EAF2 Downregulation Recruits Tumor-associated Macrophages in Prostate Cancer through Upregulation of MIF.

Background: The role of tumor inflammatory microenvironment in the advancement of cancer, particularly prostate cancer, is widely acknowledged. ELL-associated factor 2 (EAF2), a tumor suppressor that has been identified in the prostate, is often downregulated in prostate cancer. Earlier investigations have shown that mice with EAF2 gene knockout exhibited a substantial infiltration of inflammatory cells into the prostatic stroma.

miR-107 reverses the multidrug resistance of gastric cancer by targeting the CGA/EGFR/GATA2 positive feedback circuit.

Chemotherapy is still the main therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer (GC). However, most patients eventually acquire multidrug resistance (MDR). Hyperactivation of the EGFR signaling pathway contributes to MDR by promoting cancer cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis.

Application of Biosurfactants in Medical Sciences.

Biosurfactants derived from microorganisms have attracted widespread attention in scientific research due to their unique surface activity, low toxicity, biodegradability, antibacterial properties, and stability under extreme conditions. Biosurfactants are widely used in many fields, such as medicine, agriculture, and environmental protection. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively review and analyze the various applications of biosurfactants in the medical field.

Cancer SLC6A6-mediated taurine uptake transactivates immune checkpoint genes and induces exhaustion in CD8 T cells.

Taurine is used to bolster immunity, but its effects on antitumor immunity are unclear. Here, we report that cancer-related taurine consumption causes T cell exhaustion and tumor progression. The taurine transporter SLC6A6 is correlated with aggressiveness and poor outcomes in multiple cancers.

N6-methyladenosine reader hnRNPA2B1 recognizes and stabilizes NEAT1 to confer chemoresistance in gastric cancer.

Background: Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in gastric cancer (GC). Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1) is an N6-methyladenosine (mA)-binding protein involved in a variety of cancers. However, whether mA modification and hnRNPA2B1 play a role in GC chemoresistance is largely unknown.

Renin imprinted Poly(methyldopa) for biomarker detection and disease therapy.

Conventional molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) perform their functions principally depended on their three dimensional (3D) imprinted cavities (recognition sites) of templates. Here, retaining the function of recognition sites resulted from the imprinting of template molecules, the role of functional monomers is explored and expanded. Briefly, a class of dual-functional renin imprinted poly(methyldopa) (RMIP) is prepared, consisting of a drug-type function monomer (methyldopa, clinical high blood pressure drug) and a corresponding disease biomarker (renin, biomarker for high blood pressure disease).

Optimal folic acid dosage in lowering homocysteine: Precision Folic Acid Trial to lower homocysteine (PFAT-Hcy).

Background: While folic acid (FA) is widely used to treat elevated total homocysteine (tHcy), promoting vascular health by reducing vascular oxidative stress and modulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase, the optimal daily dose and individual variation by MTHFR C677T genotypes have not been well studied. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the efficacy of eight different FA dosages on tHcy lowering in the overall sample and by MTHFR C677T genotypes.

Methods: This multicentered, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial included 2697 eligible hypertensive adults with elevated tHcy (≥ 10 mmol/L) and without history of stroke and cardiovascular disease.

Associations of total homocysteine and kidney function with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in hypertensive patients: a mediation and joint analysis.

Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and kidney function are both associated with mortality risk, but the degree to which kidney function modifies the impact of tHcy on mortality remains unknown. This prospective cohort study included a total of 14,225 hypertensive adults. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to analyze the separate and combined association of tHcy and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy triggers GSDME-mediated pyroptosis and sensitizes anti-PD-1 therapy in colorectal cancer.

Background: The effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer (CRC) is limited due to the low tumor neoantigen load and low immune infiltration in most microsatellite-stable (MSS) tumors. This study aimed to develop a mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) approach to provoke host antitumor immunity of MSS-CRC and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: The role and mechanism of mitochondria-targeted PDT in inhibiting CRC progression and inducing pyroptosis were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.

ROS-Activated TRPM2 Channel: Calcium Homeostasis in Cardiovascular/renal System and Speculation in Cardiorenal Syndrome.

The transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channel is a nonselective calcium channel that is sensitive to oxidative stress (OS), and is widely expressed in multiple organs, such as the heart, kidney, and brain, which is inextricably related to calcium dyshomeostasis and downstream pathological events. Due to the increasing global burden of kidney or cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), safe and efficient drugs specific to novel targets are imperatively needed. Notably, investigation of the possibility to regard the TRPM2 channel as a new therapeutic target in ROS-related CVDs or renal diseases is urgently required because the roles of the TRPM2 channel in heart or kidney diseases have not received enough attention and thus have not been fully elaborated.

TTC22 as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer: Insights into immune infiltration and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition.

The mortality rate of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is high, and the effect of traditional treatment is unsatisfactory, thus novel biomarkers are required. Although the important role of tetratricopeptide repeat domain 22 (TTC22) in colon cancer is well established, its precise role in pancreatic cancer remains unclear and requires further investigation. Pan-cancer analysis and single-cell sequencing revealed TTC22 was differentially expressed in various tumors, especially in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Fibroblasts in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: The soil of inflammation.

As one of the most abundant stromal cells, fibroblasts are primarily responsible for the production and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Traditionally, fibroblasts have been viewed as quiescent cells. However, recent advances in multi-omics technologies have demonstrated that fibroblasts exhibit remarkable functional diversity at the single-cell level.

Formylpeptide receptor 1 contributes to epidermal barrier dysfunction-induced skin inflammation through NOD-like receptor C4-dependent keratinocyte activation.

Background: Skin barrier dysfunction may both initiate and aggravate skin inflammation. However, the mechanisms involved in the inflammation process remain largely unknown.

Objectives: We sought to determine how skin barrier dysfunction enhances skin inflammation and molecular mechanisms.

Measurement of carbon effect in land consolidation projects and evaluation of low-carbon promotion paths: a case study of Wudi County, Shandong Province, China.

Against the backdrop of China's "double carbon" objective, the exploration of low-carbon land consolidation has become a prominent area of focus for enhancing the development of ecological civilization. In this study, three typical projects at different time points (2016, 2019, and 2022) in Wudi County were selected to measure the carbon effect of land consolidation from four perspectives: artificial and industrial materials, mechanical shift consumption, land use structure, and farmland ecosystem. Based on the calculation of carbon effect of land consolidation by using carbon emission coefficient method, the changes of land use structure and carbon storage of farmland ecosystem before and after land consolidation were corrected by using GIS tools and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) model based on remote sensing technology, and the carbon emission intensity of each land consolidation project was finally obtained.

Transcriptome profiling and ceRNA network of small extracellular vesicles from resting and degranulated mast cells.

This study aimed to investigate the transcriptomic characteristics and interactions between competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) within small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from mast cells (MCs). Transcriptome sequencing analyzed lncRNA, circRNA and mRNA expression in resting and degranulated MC-derived sEVs. Constructed ceRNA regulatory network through correlation analysis and target gene prediction.

Insights on therapeutic potential of clemastine in neurological disorders.

Clemastine, a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved compound, is recognized as a first-generation, widely available antihistamine that reduces histamine-induced symptoms. Evidence has confirmed that clemastine can transport across the blood-brain barrier and act on specific neurons and neuroglia to exert its protective effect. In this review, we summarize the beneficial effects of clemastine in various central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including neurodegenerative disease, neurodevelopmental deficits, brain injury, and psychiatric disorders.

High-performance and compact integrated photonic dichroic filters and triplexer realized by an efficient inverse design.

Integrated optical filters are key components in various photonic integrated circuits for applications of communication, spectroscopy, etc. The dichroic filters can be flexibly cascaded to construct filters with various channel numbers and bandwidths. Therefore, the development of high-performance and compact dichroic filters is crucial.

TECO: A Unified Feature Map Compression Framework Based on Transform and Entropy.

The massive memory accesses of feature maps (FMs) in deep neural network (DNN) processors lead to huge power consumption, which becomes a major energy bottleneck of DNN accelerators. In this article, we propose a unified framework named Transform and Entropy-based COmpression (TECO) scheme to efficiently compress FMs with various attributes in DNN inference. We explore, for the first time, the intrinsic unimodal distribution characteristic that widely exists in the frequency domain of various FMs.