A MPET-mPBPK model for subcutaneous injection of biotherapeutics with different molecular weights: From local scale to whole-body scale.

Background And Objective: Subcutaneous injection of biotherapeutics has attracted considerable attention in the pharmaceutical industry. However, there is limited understanding of the mechanisms underlying the absorption of drugs with different molecular weights and the delivery of drugs from the injection site to the targeted tissue.

Methods: We propose the MPET-mPBPK model to address this issue.

Topological Band Engineering of One-Dimensional π- Conjugated Metal-Organic Frameworks.

One-dimensional (1D) conjugated metal-organic frameworks (c-MOFs) have garnered widespread research interest in chemical energy storage and conversion. In this work, we introduce a universal principle to engineer the topological bands of 1D c-MOFs. Connected by orbitals of transition metals, two equivalent hidden molecular π orbitals in 1D c-MOFs can generate a staggered hopping within and between the organic ligands, forming Su-Schrieffer-Heeger-shaped 1D topological bands.

A two-front nutrient supply environment fuels small intestinal physiology through differential regulation of nutrient absorption and host defense.

The small intestine contains a two-front nutrient supply environment created by luminal dietary and microbial metabolites (enteral side) and systemic metabolites from the host (serosal side). Yet, it is unknown how each side contributes differentially to the small intestinal physiology. Here, we generated a comprehensive, high-resolution map of the small intestinal two-front nutrient supply environment.

Gasdermin D-mediated metabolic crosstalk promotes tissue repair.

The establishment of an early pro-regenerative niche is crucial for tissue regeneration. Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-dependent pyroptosis accounts for the release of inflammatory cytokines upon various insults. However, little is known about its role in tissue regeneration followed by homeostatic maintenance.

Metadielectrics for high-temperature energy storage capacitors.

Dielectric capacitors are highly desired for electronic systems owing to their high-power density and ultrafast charge/discharge capability. However, the current dielectric capacitors suffer severely from the thermal instabilities, with sharp deterioration of energy storage performance at elevated temperatures. Here, guided by phase-field simulations, we conceived and fabricated the self-assembled metadielectric nanostructure with HfO as second-phase in BaHfTiO relaxor ferroelectric matrix.

Association between Elastic Modulus of Foot Soft Tissues and Gait Characteristics in Young Individuals with Flatfoot.

Flatfoot is a common foot deformity, causing foot pain, osteoarthritis of the midfoot, and even knee and hip dysfunction. The elastic modulus of foot soft tissues and its association with gait biomechanics still remain unclear. For this study, we recruited 20 young individuals with flatfoot and 22 age-matched individuals with normal foot arches.

Comprehensive insights into the impact of magnetic biochar on protein hydrolysis in sludge anaerobic digestion: Protein structures, microbial activities and syntrophic metabolisms.

The addition of composite conductive materials is being increasingly recognized as a promising strategy to enhance anaerobic digestion (AD) performance. However, the influence of these materials on protein hydrolysis has been poorly documented. Here, a novel magnetic biochar derived from oil sludge and straw was synthesized using different iron sources and successfully applied in sludge AD.

More familiar, more credible? Distinguishing two types of familiarity on the truth effect using the drift-diffusion model.

Familiar information is more likely to be accepted as true. This illusory truth effect has a tremendous negative impact on misinformation intervention. Previous studies focused on the familiarity from repeated exposure in the laboratory, ignoring preexisting familiarity with real-world misinformation.

ZNF574 is a Quality Control Factor For Defective Ribosome Biogenesis Intermediates.

Eukaryotic ribosome assembly is an intricate process that involves four ribosomal RNAs, 80 ribosomal proteins, and over 200 biogenesis factors that take part in numerous interdependent steps. This complexity creates a large genetic space in which pathogenic mutations can occur. Dead-end ribosome intermediates that result from biogenesis errors are rapidly degraded, affirming the existence of quality control pathway(s) that monitor ribosome assembly.

A polarization double-enhancement strategy to achieve super low energy consumption with ultra-high energy storage capacity in BCZT-based relaxor ferroelectrics.

Due to dielectric capacitors' already-obtained fast charge-discharge speed, research has been focused on improving their . Increasing the polarization and enhancing the voltage endurance are efficient ways to reach higher , however simultaneous modification still seems a paradox. For example, in the ferroelectric-to-relaxor ferroelectric (FE-to-RFE) phase transition strategy, which has been widely used in the latest decade, electric breakdown strength () and energy storage efficiency () always increase, while at the same time, the maximum polarization () inevitably decreases.

Nanoceria-Mediated Cyclosporin A Delivery for Dry Eye Disease Management through Modulating Immune-Epithelial Crosstalk.

Dry eye disease (DED) affects a substantial worldwide population with increasing frequency. Current single-targeting DED management is severely hindered by the existence of an oxidative stress-inflammation vicious cycle and complicated intercellular crosstalk within the ocular microenvironment. Here, a nanozyme-based eye drop, namely nanoceria loading cyclosporin A (Cs@P/CeO), is developed, which possesses long-term antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capacities due to its regenerative antioxidative activity and sustained release of cyclosporin A (CsA).

Impact of co-substrate molecular weight on methane production potential, microbial community dynamics, and metabolic pathways in waste activated sludge anaerobic co-digestion.

Proteins and carbohydrates are important organics in waste activated sludge, and greatly affect methane production and microbial community composition in anaerobic digestion systems. Here, a series of co-substrates with different molecular weight were applied to investigate the interactions between microbial dynamics and the molecular weight of co-substrates. Biochemical methane production assays conducted in batch co-digesters showed that feeding high molecular weight protein and carbohydrate substrates resulted in higher methane yield and production rates.

Artificial kagome lattices of Shockley surface states patterned by halogen hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks.

Artificial electronic kagome lattices may emerge from electronic potential landscapes using customized structures with exotic supersymmetries, benefiting from the confinement of Shockley surface-state electrons on coinage metals, which offers a flexible approach to realizing intriguing quantum phases of matter that are highly desired but scarce in available kagome materials. Here, we devise a general strategy to construct varieties of electronic kagome lattices by utilizing the on-surface synthesis of halogen hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (XHOFs). As a proof of concept, we demonstrate three XHOFs on Ag(111) and Au(111) surfaces, which correspondingly deliver regular, breathing, and chiral breathing diatomic-kagome lattices with patterned potential landscapes, showing evident topological edge states at the interfaces.

[Effects of Biochar Application Two Years Later on NO and CH Emissions from RiceVegetable Rotation in a Tropical Region of China].

The effects of biochar application on soil nitrous oxide （NO） and methane （CH） emissions in a typical rice-vegetable rotation system in Hainan after two years were investigated. The aim was to clarify the long-term effects of biochar on greenhouse gas emissions under this model， and it provided a theoretical basis for NO and CH emission reduction in rice-vegetable rotation systems in tropical regions of China. Four treatments were set up in the field experiment， including no nitrogen fertilizer control （CK）； nitrogen， phosphorus， and potassium fertilizer （CON）； nitrogen， phosphorus， and potassium fertilizer combined with 20 t·hm biochar （B1）； and nitrogen， phosphorus， and potassium fertilizer combined with 40 t·hm biochar （B2）.

Mechanistic insight into the aggregation ability of anammox microorganisms: Roles of polarity, composition and molecular structure of extracellular polymeric substances.

The chemical characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) play a crucial role in the rapid enrichment of AnAOB and the stable operation of wastewater anammox processes. To clarify the influential mechanisms of sludge EPS on AnAOB aggregation, multiple parameters, including the polarity distribution, composition, and molecular structure of EPS, were selected, and their quantitative relationship with AnAOB aggregation was analyzed. Compared to typical anaerobic sludge (anaerobic floc and granular sludge), the anammox sludge EPS exhibited higher levels of tryptophan-like substances (44.

Atomic-Limit Mott Insulator in [4]Triangulene Frameworks.

Triangulene, one unique class of zigzag-edged triangular graphene molecules, has attracted tremendous research interest. In this work, as an ultimate phase of the Mott insulator, we present the realization of the atomic-limit Mott insulator in experimentally synthesized [4]triangulene frameworks ([4]-TGFs) from first-principles calculations. The frontier molecular orbitals of the nonmagnetic [4]triangulene consist of three coupled corner modes.

Accuracy of routine external ventricular drain placement following a mixed reality-guided twist-drill craniostomy.

Objective: The traditional freehand placement of an external ventricular drain (EVD) relies on empirical craniometric landmarks to guide the craniostomy and subsequent passage of the EVD catheter. The diameter and trajectory of the craniostomy physically limit the possible trajectories that can be achieved during the passage of the catheter. In this study, the authors implemented a mixed reality-guided craniostomy procedure to evaluate the benefit of an optimally drilled craniostomy to the accurate placement of the catheter.