Synergistic variation in abscisic acid and brassinolide treatment signaling component alleviates fruit quality of 'Shine Muscat' grape during cold storage.

Grape fruit are harvested in the late summer or early fall and need to be stored at low temperatures to prevent enfeeblement and prolong their shelf-life. This study aimed to determine the effects of abscisic acid (ABA), brassinolide (BR) and ABA + BR (ABR) treatment on the berry quality of 'Shine Muscat' under low temperatures. ABA and BR maintained fruit appearance, cellular structure, weight, firmness.

Cause of nocturnal surface ozone enhancement in the North China Plain.

The North China Plain (NCP), known for its dense population, extensive urbanization, and developed industry and agriculture, faces one of the foremost ozone (O) pollution issues nationwide and even globally. Currently, most studies focus on daytime peak O levels, with insufficient understanding of the increase in nighttime O concentrations. Based on data from 204 national atmospheric composition monitoring sites in the NCP from 2015 to 2023, we investigated the characteristics of nocturnal surface O enhancement (NSOE) events and explored potential formation mechanisms.

Investigating the impact of weather on stroke in summer.

The objective of this study is to explore how changes in weather contribute to an increase in hospital admissions for stroke in summer. We collected 96,509 cases of stroke hospitalization data in Tianjin from 2016 to 2022 summer, along with corresponding meteorological data. The generalized additive model and distributed lag nonlinear model were used to analyze the lag and cumulative effects of temperature on stroke hospitalization.

A Novel Method to Characterize the Damping Capacity of EPDM/CIIR Blends Using Vibrating Rubber Balls.

An experimental device fixed with a laser displacement sensor was assembled to investigate the rebound behaviors and damping mechanism of rubber balls prepared with ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM)/chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR) blends. The result showed that a prediction model was proposed to characterize the damping capacity by using the rebound height of the rubber balls. The lower rebound height corresponded to better damping capacity.

Land-sea difference of the planetary boundary layer structure and its influence on PM - Observation and numerical simulation.

A comprehensive set of observations were collected along a sea-coast-inland area. According to these observations, the planetary boundary layer heights (PBLH) during winter and summer for sampling locations in sea, coast, and inland areas were 737 m, 483 m and 372 m, and 450 m, 645 m and 646 m, respectively. Little seasonal difference was observed for the daily variation of sensible heat flux over the sea, with the maximum of 55 W/m at 12:00 in winter and 27 W/m at 13:00 in summer.

Directional coupling with parity-time symmetric Bragg gratings.

Parity-time symmetric Bragg gratings produce unidirectional reflection around the exceptional point. We propose and explore directional coupling of gain and loss modulated waveguide Bragg gratings operating at around 880 nm with long-range surface plasmon polaritons. Step-in-width modulation of a Ag stripe supporting long-range plasmons combined with a periodic modulation of the cladding were used to balance the real and imaginary index perturbation of the gratings.

Systematic analysis reveals O-methyltransferase gene family members involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in grape.

O-methyltransferases (OMTs) are an important group of enzymes involved in the methylation of various secondary metabolites, including flavonoids. However, the features and functions of OMTs have not been comprehensively studied in grape (Vitis vinifera), a rich source of methylated flavonoids. Here, 47 OMT members were identified in grape genome.

[Impact of Air Humidity on PM Mass Concentration and Visibility During Winter in Tianjin].

Air humidity is a key meteorological factor in regulating visibility changes and haze episodes. Based on multi-year historical data of PM mass concentration, visibility, relative humidity(RH), and specific humidity() during winter in Tianjin, the impact of air humidity on PM mass concentration and visibility was investigated. Between 2015 and 2020, the PM mass concentration showed an overall decline of 28.

[Advances in metabolic engineering of macrolide antibiotics].

14- to 16-membered macrolide antibiotics (MA) are clinically important anti-infective drugs. With the rapid emergence of bacterial resistance, there is an urgent need to develop novel MA to counter drug-resistant bacteria. The targeted optimization of MA can be guided by analyzing the interaction between the MA and its ribosomal targets, and the desired MA derivatives can be obtained efficiently when combining with the rapidly developed metabolic engineering approaches.

Estimating leaf chlorophyll content by laser-induced fluorescence technology at different viewing zenith angles.

Leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) is a key indicator of a plant's physiological status. Fast and non-destructive monitoring of chlorophyll content in plants through remote sensing is very important for accurate diagnosis and assessment of plant growth. Through the use of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technology, this study aims to compare the predictive ability of different single fluorescence characteristic and fluorescence characteristic combinations at various viewing zenith angles (VZAs) combined with multivariate analysis algorithms, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM), for estimating the LCC of plants.

Seasonal variation and secondary formation of size-segregated aerosol water-soluble inorganic ions in a coast megacity of North China Plain.

The aerosol samples of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIs), including SO, NO, NH, Cl, K, Na, Ca, and Mg in size-segregated particulate matter (PM), were collected by an Anderson sampler (with 8 nominal cut-sizes ranged from 0.43 to 9.0 μm) in urban Tianjin during 2013-2014.

The Role of Fnr Paralogs in Controlling Anaerobic Metabolism in the Diazotroph Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78.

Fnr is a transcriptional regulator that controls the expression of a variety of genes in response to oxygen limitation in bacteria. Genome sequencing revealed four genes (, , , and ) coding for Fnr proteins in WLY78. Fnr1 and Fnr3 showed more similarity to each other than to Fnr5 and Fnr7.

Combined Assembly and Targeted Integration of Multigene for Nitrogenase Biosynthetic Pathway in .

Biological nitrogen fixation, a process unique to diazotrophic prokaryote, is catalyzed by the nitrogenase complex. There has been a long-standing interest in reconstituting a nitrogenase biosynthetic pathway in a eukaryotic host with the final aim of developing N-fixing cereal crops. In this study, we report that a nitrogenase biosynthetic pathway (∼38 kb containing 15 genes) was assembled in two individual one-step methods via assembly and integrated at δ and sites in chromosome.

Vertical observation and analysis on rapid formation and evolutionary mechanisms of a prolonged haze episode over central-eastern China.

To clarify the rapid formation and evolutionary mechanisms of an extremely severe and persistent haze and fog (HF) episode that occurred in central-eastern China from Dec 20 to 25, 2015, a novel campaign was conducted and vertical profiles of wind, temperature, light extinction coefficient (LEC) and PM concentration were used to analyze the rapid formation and evolutionary mechanisms of this HF episode. The substantial downward transportation of regional pollution from high layers and stagnant weather conditions favorable for the local pollution accumulation were the two main causes of the rapid increase in pollutant concentration. Southwest wind speeds of 4m/s between 300 and 600m and obvious downward flows were observed, whereas the southwest wind speeds were low below 300m, and strong temperature inversion with intensity of 4.

Colonization and Maize Growth Promotion Induced by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterial Isolates.

Phosphorus (P) limits the production of maize, one of the major food crops in China. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) have the capacity to solubilize phosphate complexes into plant absorbable and utilizable forms by the process of acidification, chelation, and exchange reactions. In this study, six bacteria, including one sp.

Colonization of Wheat, Maize and Cucumber by Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78.

Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78 is a nitrogen fixer and it can be potentially applied to biofertilizer in agriculture. In this study, P. polymyxa WLY78 is labelled with gfp gene.

Genome-wide transcriptome profiling of nitrogen fixation in Paenibacillus sp. WLY78.

Background: Diazotrophic (nitrogen-fixing) Gram-positive and endospore-formed Paenibacillus spp. have potential uses as a bacterial fertilizer in agriculture. The transcriptional analysis of nitrogen fixation in Paenibacillus is lacking, although regulation mechanisms of nitrogen fixation have been well studied in Gram-negative diazotrophs.