Enlarged choroid plexus related to atrophy of hippocampal subfield volumes and glymphatic dysfunction in benzodiazepine use disorder.

Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship of choroid plexus (CP) volume with hippocampal subregion volume and glymphatic system in patients with benzodiazepine use disorders (BUD).

Methods: Eighty-four participants were recruited including 23 patients with BUD, 29 patients with chronic insomnia (CI) and 32 healthy controls (HC). The morphological alterations in CP, hippocampal subfield volumes and diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index were compared between the three groups and the relationships between CP volume and hippocampal subfield volumes and the glymphatic system were further investigated.

Development of a Novel Peptide-Based PET Tracer [Ga]Ga-DOTA-BP1 for BCMA Detection in Multiple Myeloma.

B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) has emerged as a promising tumor marker for the diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma. The noninvasive and rapid detection of BCMA expression in vivo provides significant value in screening and evaluating multiple myeloma patients receiving BCMA-targeted therapy. We identified the BCMA-targeting peptide BP1 from a one-bead-one-compound (OBOC) peptide library using a high-throughput microarray strategy.

A molecular imprinted ratiometric fluorescence sensor based on blue/orange MXene quantum dots for visual detection of histamine.

Histamine is a highly toxic biogenic amine in food, making its sensitive and rapid detection methods vital for the assurance of edible safety and human health. Here, we explored for the first time a smartphone-enabled ratiometric imprinted fluorescence sensor based on blue/orange MXene quantum dots (MQDs) for fluorescence and visual detection of histamine. A linear relationship between the concentration of histamine and the fluorescence response of the sensor was found in the range of 1-60 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 21.

Alterations in structural integrity of superior longitudinal fasciculus III associated with cognitive performance in cerebral small vessel disease.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the alterations in structural integrity of superior longitudinal fasciculus subcomponents with increasing white matter hyperintensity severity as well as the relationship to cognitive performance in cerebral small vessel disease.

Methods: 110 cerebral small vessel disease study participants with white matter hyperintensities were recruited. According to Fazekas grade scale, white matter hyperintensities of each subject were graded.

Enhanced Theranostic Efficacy of Zr and Lu-Labeled Aflibercept in Renal Cancer: A Viable Option for Clinical Practice.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeted therapy serves as an important therapeutic approach for renal cancer, but its clinical effectiveness is unsatisfactory. Moreover, there is a lack of reliable biomarkers for preoperative assessment of tumor VEGF expression. This study aimed to explore the potential for further applications of Lu/Zr-labeled aflibercept (Abe), a VEGF-binding agent, in imaging visualization of VEGF expression and therapy for renal cancer.

Theranostic role of Zr- and Lu-labeled aflibercept in breast cancer.

Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis due to the absence of effective therapeutic targets. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family are expressed in 30-60% of TNBC, therefore providing potential therapeutic targets for TNBC. Aflibercept (Abe), a humanized recombinant fusion protein specifically bound to VEGF-A, B and placental growth factor (PIGF), has proven to be effective in the treatment in some cancers.

FAP expression in adipose tissue macrophages promotes obesity and metabolic inflammation.

Adipose tissue macrophages (ATM) are key players in the development of obesity and associated metabolic inflammation which contributes to systemic metabolic dysfunction. We here found that fibroblast activation protein α (FAP), a well-known marker of cancer-associated fibroblast, is selectively expressed in murine and human ATM among adipose tissue-infiltrating leukocytes. Macrophage FAP deficiency protects mice against diet-induced obesity and proinflammatory macrophage infiltration in obese adipose tissues, thereby alleviating hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance.

Phase patterning of metallic glasses through superfast quenching of ion irradiation-induced thermal spikes.

Amorphous metallic glasses (MGs) convert to crystalline solids upon annealing at a high temperature. Such a phase change, however, does not occur with the local melting caused by damage cascades introduced by ion irradiation, although the resulting thermal spikes can reach temperatures > 1000 K. This is because the quenching rate of the local melting zone is several orders of magnitude higher than the critical cooling rate for MG formation.

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of four benzimidazole residues in food by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometrics.

In this study, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) combined with chemometric methods were developed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of four benzimidazole (BMZs) residues in corn. Sulfhydryl functionalized FeO@SiO@Ag-SH magnetic SERS substrates were prepared to obtain the SERS spectra of four BMZs for chemometric analysis. The partial least squares regression discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) model performed best, with a recall rate upwards 99.

Prediction of Stroke Onset Time With Combined Fast High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic and Quantitative T Mapping.

Objective: The purpose of this work is to develop a multispectral imaging approach that combines fast high-resolution 3D magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and fast quantitative T mapping to capture the multifactorial biochemical changes within stroke lesions and evaluate its potentials for stroke onset time prediction.

Methods: Special imaging sequences combining fast trajectories and sparse sampling were used to obtain whole-brain maps of both neurometabolites (2.0 × 3.

Predicting the Onset of Ischemic Stroke With Fast High-Resolution 3D MR Spectroscopic Imaging.

Background: Neurometabolite concentrations provide a direct index of infarction progression in stroke. However, their relationship with stroke onset time remains unclear.

Purpose: To assess the temporal dynamics of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine, choline, and lactate and estimate their value in predicting early (<6 hours) vs.

Circulating Tumor Cells and Breast Cancer Metastasis: From Enumeration to Somatic Mutational Profile.

Aims: This study investigates the association between circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and breast cancer metastasis. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University during the period of August 2017−October 2020. We used adjusted logistic regression, the random forest algorithm, and sensitivity analysis to study the association between CTC enumeration and tumor metastasis.

Simultaneous Mapping of Water Diffusion Coefficients and Metabolite Distributions of the Brain Using MR Spectroscopic Imaging Without Water Suppression.

Objective: To simultaneously map water diffusion coefficients and metabolite distributions of the brain in magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) experiments within a clinically feasible time.

Methods: A diffusion-preparation module was introduced in water-unsuppressed MRSI acquisition sequence to generate diffusion weighting of the water signals. Fast spatiospectral encodings were achieved using echo-planar spectroscopic imaging readouts with blipped phase encodings for sparse sampling.

The Degree of Plasma Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Level Decrease Is Related to Clinical Outcomes for Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the decrease of plasma oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels and clinical outcomes in patients with acute atherosclerosis-related ischemic stroke.

Methods: We recruited acute ischemic stroke patients within 3 days of onset consecutively. Plasma oxLDL levels were measured on the second day after admission and before discharge (10-14 days after stroke onset).

Reduced Cerebral Blood Flow in Benign Oligemia Relates to Poor Clinical Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.

The imaging of cerebral blow flow (CBF) has shown great promise in predicting the tissue outcome or functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke patients. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) provides a noninvasive tool for quantitative CBF measurement and does not require a contrast agent, which makes it an attractive technology for perfusion imaging in clinical settings. Previous studies have shown the feasibility of using ASL for acute stroke imaging and its potential in stroke outcome prediction.

Soluble Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 Level is Related to Clinical Prognosis In Patients with Acute Atherosclerosis-related Ischemic Stroke.

To investigate the associations between soluble Lectin-like Oxidized Low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1) and clinical prognosis, especially infarct volume in patients with acute atherosclerosis-related ischemic stroke. We recruited acute ischemic stroke patients within 3 days after onset. Patients were stratified into 3 groups by sLOX-1 level.

Arcuate Fasciculus Subsegment Impairments Distinctly Associated with Memory and Language Deficits in Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients.

In acute mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), the injury-related axonal swelling leads to white matter fiber bundle impairments, closely related to the memory and language deficits commonly shown in the patients. The arcuate fasciculus (AF) plays a central role in verbal learning and language function but could be functionally heterogeneous along the fiber tract. In this study, 25 patients with acute mTBI (<48 h after trauma) and 33 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included.

Fast high-resolution metabolic imaging of acute stroke with 3D magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Impaired oxygen and cellular metabolism is a hallmark of ischaemic injury in acute stroke. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) has long been recognized as a potentially powerful tool for non-invasive metabolic imaging. Nonetheless, long acquisition time, poor spatial resolution, and narrow coverage have limited its clinical application.

Correlation between White Matter Hyperintensities Related Gray Matter Volume and Cognition in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Background And Aim: The relationship between severity of cerebral small vessel disease, as defined by white matter hyperintensities classification, and gray matter volume of different brain regions has not been well defined. This study aimed to investigate brain regions with significant differences in gray matter volume associated with different degrees of white matter hyperintensities in patients with cerebral small vessel disease. Meanwhile, we examined whether correlations existed between gray matter volume in different brain regions and cognitive ability.

Accelerating T mapping of the brain by integrating deep learning priors with low-rank and sparse modeling.

Purpose: To accelerate T mapping with highly sparse sampling by integrating deep learning image priors with low-rank and sparse modeling.

Methods: The proposed method achieves high-speed T mapping by highly sparsely sampling (k, TE)-space. Image reconstruction from the undersampled data was done by exploiting the low-rank structure and sparsity in the T -weighted image sequence and image priors learned from training data.