Disease composition and epidemiological characteristics of primary care visits in Pudong New Area, Shanghai: a longitudinal study, 2016-2018.

Objectives: This study aims to analyse the disease composition of primary care visits rather than specialist visits, the former of which had scarcely been studied. We adopted specific disease classification (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision), disease system and communicable/non-communicable/injury disease classification, and variations of sex and age were also analysed.

Setting: We extracted data from all community health service centres (CHSCs) and community health service stations in Pudong, Shanghai, from 2016 to 2018 using the electronic health record systems of the Pudong health information centre.

The Potential Influence of Bone-Derived Modulators on the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease.

Bone, the major structural scaffold of the human body, has recently been demonstrated to interact with several other organ systems through the actions of bone-derived cells and bone-derived cell secretory proteins. Interestingly, the brain is one organ that appears to fall into this interconnected network. Furthermore, the fact that osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease are two common age-related disorders raises the possibility that these two organ systems are interconnected in terms of disease pathogenesis.

Inhibitory constituents from the aerial parts of Polygala tenuifolia on LPS-induced NO production in BV2 microglia cells.

Five new phenolic glycosides, tenuisides A-E (1-5), and a new megastigmane glycoside, tenuiside F (6), along with seventeen known compounds (7-23) were isolated from the aerial parts of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. Their structures were established by detailed analysis of NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic data, and the absolute configurations of compounds 5 and 6 were determined by CD spectra and in-NMR-tube Mosher's method. The inhibitory effects of these compounds were evaluated on NO production in LPS-activated BV-2 microglia cells.

Sibiricasaponins A-E, five new triterpenoid saponins from the aerial parts of Polygala sibirica L.

Five new triterpenoid saponins, named as sibiricasaponins A-E (1-5), were isolated and identified from the aerial parts of Polygala sibirica L., together with nine known triterpenoid saponins (6-14). The chemical structures of the five new triterpenoid saponins (1-5) were elucidated as 3β,19α-dihydroxyurso-12-ene-23,28-dioic acid 3-O-β-d-glucuronopyranoside (1), pomolic acid 3-O-(3-O-sulfo)-α-l-arabinopyranoside (2), pomolic acid 3-O-(4-O-sulfo)-β-d-xylopyranoside (3), pomolic acid 3-O-(2-O-acetyl-3-O-sulfo)-α-l-arabinopyranoside (4), and 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl medicagenic acid 28-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl (1→4)-β-d-xylopyranosyl (1→4)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-(4-O-acetyl)-[β-d-apiofuranosyl (1→3)]-β-d-fucopyranosyl ester (5), respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic data and physicochemical evidences.