Removal and recovery of nitrogen from anaerobically treated leachate based on a neglected HNAD nitrogen removal pathway: NH stripping.

The heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrification (HNAD) process can withstand the environment with high NH-N concentration and complex components, and has the potential to be an effective scheme for nitrogen removal of anaerobically treated leachate from municipal solid waste incineration plant. But its mechanism is still unclear and the NH stripping process has received little attention. At the same time, the high concentration of NH-N in the anaerobically treated leachate also has great recycling potential.

High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputter Deposition of Ag on Self-Assembled Au Nanoparticle Arrays at Low-Temperature Dewetting Conditions.

Plasmons have facilitated diverse analytical applications due to the boosting signal detectability by hot spots. In practical applications, it is crucial to fabricate straightforward, large-scale, and reproducible plasmonic substrates. Dewetting treatment, applying direct thermal annealing of metal films, has been used as a straightforward method in the fabrication of such plasmonic nanostructures.

Decoding the Self-Assembly Plasmonic Interface Structure in a PbS Colloidal Quantum Dot Solid for a Photodetector.

Hybrid plasmonic nanostructures have gained enormous attention in a variety of optoelectronic devices due to their surface plasmon resonance properties. Self-assembled hybrid metal/quantum dot (QD) architectures offer a means of coupling the properties of plasmonics and QDs to photodetectors, thereby modifying their functionality. The arrangement and localization of hybrid nanostructures have an impact on exciton trapping and light harvesting.

Ionic Liquid-Induced Inversion of the Humidity-Dependent Conductivity of Thin PEDOT:PSS Films.

The humidity influence on the electronic and ionic resistance properties of thin post-treated poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films is investigated. In particular, the resistance of these PEDOT:PSS films post-treated with three different concentrations (0, 0.05, and 0.

Single-layered phase-change metasurfaces achieving efficient wavefront manipulation and reversible chiral transmission.

Efficient control of the phase and polarization of light is of significant importance in modern optics and photonics. However, traditional methods are often accompanied with cascaded and bulky designs that cannot fulfill the ongoing demand for further integrations. Here, a single-layered metasurface composed of nonvolatile phase-change material GeSbSeTe (GSST) is proposed with tunable spin-orbit interactions in subwavelength scale.

Multistate Nonvolatile Metamirrors with Tunable Optical Chirality.

Compared with conventional mirrors that behave as isotropic electromagnetic (EM) reflectors, metamirrors composed of periodically aligned artificial meta-atoms exhibit increased degrees of freedom for EM manipulations. However, the functionality of most metamirrors is fixed by design, and how to achieve active EM control is still elusive. Here, we propose a multistate metamirror based on the nonvolatile phase change material GeSbTe (GST) with four distinct functionalities that can be realized in the infrared region by exploiting the temperature-activated phase transition.

Reconfigurable Continuous Meta-Grating for Broadband Polarization Conversion and Perfect Absorption.

As promising building blocks for functional materials and devices, metasurfaces have gained widespread attention in recent years due to their unique electromagnetic (EM) properties, as well as subwavelength footprints. However, current designs based on discrete unit cells often suffer from low working efficiencies, narrow operation bandwidths, and fixed EM functionalities. Here, by employing the superior performance of a continuous metasurface, combined with the reconfigurable properties of a phase change material (PCM), a dual-functional meta-grating is proposed in the infrared region, which can achieve a broadband polarization conversion of over 90% when the PCM is in an amorphous state, and a perfect EM absorption larger than 91% when the PCM changes to a crystalline state.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Interface Modification of Methylammonium Lead Iodide for Surface Passivation of Perovskite Solar Cells.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been developed as a promising photovoltaic technology because of their excellent photovoltaic performance. However, interfacial recombination and charge carrier transport losses at the surface greatly limit the performance and stability of PSCs. In this work, the fabrication of high-quality PSCs based on methylammonium lead iodide with excellent ambient stability is reported.

Ultrathin Piezotronic Transistors with 2 nm Channel Lengths.

Because silicon transistors are rapidly approaching their scaling limit due to short-channel effects, alternative technologies are urgently needed for next-generation electronics. Here, we demonstrate ultrathin ZnO piezotronic transistors with a ∼2 nm channel length using inner-crystal self-generated out-of-plane piezopotential as the gate voltage to control the carrier transport. This design removes the need for external gate electrodes that are challenging at nanometer scale.

Stretchable Triboelectric-Photonic Smart Skin for Tactile and Gesture Sensing.

Smart skin is expected to be stretchable and tactile for bionic robots as the medium with the ambient environment. Here, a stretchable triboelectric-photonic smart skin (STPS) is reported that enables multidimensional tactile and gesture sensing for a robotic hand. With a grating-structured metal film as the bioinspired skin stripe, the STPS exhibits a tunable aggregation-induced emission in a lateral tensile range of 0-160%.