Ameliorates Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Diabetic Mice by Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism via the Gut-Liver Axis.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic syndrome characterized by chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and islet cell damage. The prevention of T2DM and its associated complications is an urgent public health issue that affects hundreds of millions of people globally. Numerous studies suggest that disturbances in gut metabolites are important driving forces for the pathogenesis of diabetes.

Research progress in the role of gut microbiota in acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a global public health problem with high incidence, high mortality rates, expensive medical costs, and limited treatment options. AKI can further progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and eventually end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Previous studies have shown that trauma, adverse drug reactions, surgery, and other factors are closely associated with AKI.

Vaccarin alleviates septic cardiomyopathy by potentiating NLRP3 palmitoylation and inactivation.

Background: Sepsis often leads to significant morbidity and mortality due to severe myocardial injury. As is known, the activation of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome crucially contributes to septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) by facilitating the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. The removal of palmitoyl groups from NLRP3 is a crucial step in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Screening of Rice ( L.) Genotypes for Salinity Tolerance and Dissecting Determinants of Tolerance Mechanism.

Soil salinity imposes osmotic, ionic, and oxidative stresses on plants, resulting in growth inhibition, developmental changes, metabolic adaptations, and ion sequestration or exclusion. Identifying salinity-tolerant resources and understanding physiological and molecular mechanisms of salinity tolerance could lay a foundation for the improvement of salinity tolerance in rice. In this study, a series of salinity-tolerance-related morphological and physiological traits were investigated in 46 rice genotypes, including Sea Rice 86, to reveal the main strategies of rice in responding to salinity stress at the seedling stage.

Correction: Zhang et al. Genotype-Environment Interaction and Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Heartwood for R.Br. 2023, , 1299.

In the original publication [...

Genotype-Environment Interaction and Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Heartwood for R.Br.

(blackwood) is a valuable wood with excellent-quality heartwood extensively utilized worldwide. The main aim of this study was to confirm the horizontal and vertical variation and provide estimated values of genetic gains and clonal repeatabilities for improving breeding program of . Six blackwood clones at 10 years old were analyzed in Heyuan and Baise cities in China.

Antibacterial Activity and Possible Mechanism of Essential Oil Against and Its Application in Lettuce.

, the causative agents of bacillary dysentery, remains a significant threat to public health. essential oil (LC-EO), one of the natural essential oils, exhibited promising biological activities. In this study, the antibacterial effects and possible mechanisms of LC-EO on and its application in lettuce medium were investigated.

Identification of QTL for Stem Traits in Wheat ( L.).

Lodging in wheat ( L.) is a complicated phenomenon that is influenced by physiological, genetics, and external factors. It causes a great yield loss and reduces grain quality and mechanical harvesting efficiency.

Construction of High-Density Genetic Map and Identification of a Bruchid Resistance Locus in Mung Bean ( L.).

Mung bean ( L.) is an economically important grain legume cultivated in Asian countries. High-density genetic linkage is a valuable and effective tool for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL).

A new major QTL for flag leaf thickness in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).

Background: Carbohydrate accumulation of photosynthetic organs, mainly leaves, are the primary sources of grain yield in cereals. The flag leaf plays a vital role in seed development, which is probably the most neglected morphological characteristic during traditional selection processes.

Results: In this experiment, four flag leaf morphological traits and seven yield-related traits were investigated in a DH population derived from a cross between a wild barley and an Australian malting barley cultivar.

Sdr4 dominates pre-harvest sprouting and facilitates adaptation to local climatic condition in Asian cultivated rice.

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS), which reduces grain yield and quality, is controlled by seed dormancy genes. Because few dormancy-related genes have been cloned, the genetic basis of seed dormancy in rice (Oryza sativa L.) remains unclear.

Identification and allele mining of new candidate genes underlying rice grain weight and grain shape by genome-wide association study.

Background: Grain weight and grain shape are important agronomic traits that affect the grain yield potential and grain quality of rice. Both grain weight and grain shape are controlled by multiple genes. The 3,000 Rice Genomes Project (3 K RGP) greatly facilitates the discovery of agriculturally important genetic variants and germplasm resources for grain weight and grain shape.

Construction and integration of genetic linkage maps from three multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross populations in rice.

Background: The construction of genetic maps based on molecular markers is a crucial step in rice genetic and genomic studies. Pure lines derived from multiple parents provide more abundant genetic variation than those from bi-parent populations. Two four-parent pure-line populations (4PL1 and 4PL2) and one eight-parent pure-line population (8PL) were developed from eight homozygous indica varieties of rice by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI).

E3 ligase FBXW7 aggravates TMPD-induced systemic lupus erythematosus by promoting cell apoptosis.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease, and the pathogenesis of SLE has not been fully elucidated. The E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW7 has been well characterized in cancer as a tumor suppressor that can promote the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of various oncoproteins; however, the potential role of FBXW7 in autoimmune diseases is unclear. In the present study, we identified that FBXW7 is a crucial exacerbating factor for SLE development and progression in a mouse model induced by 2, 6, 10, 14-tetramethylpentadecane (TMPD).

Genome-wide association mapping of aluminum toxicity tolerance and fine mapping of a candidate gene for Nrat1 in rice.

Aluminum (Al) stress is becoming the major limiting factor in crop production in acidic soils. Rice has been reported as the most Al-tolerant crop and the capacity of Al toxicity tolerance is generally evaluated by comparing root growth under Al stress. Here, we performed an association mapping of Al toxicity tolerance using a core collection of 211 indica rice accessions with 700 K high quality SNP data.

Amplified Fluorescent Detection of Mercuric Ions by Conjugation of the ThT-induced G-Quadruplex Based Hybridization Chain Reaction.

A sensitive fluorescent method for the detection of Hg was developed based on triple-helix molecular switch (THMS)-induced hybridization chain reaction (HCR) amplification. THMS was composed of a T-rich mercury-specific probe and an initiator probe, designed by the Watson-Crick and Hoogsteen base pairings and employed as a signal trigger. Two hairpin probes containing the G-quadruplex sequence were used as signal amplification elements.

Identification and Fine Mapping of a Stably Expressed QTL for Cold Tolerance at the Booting Stage Using an Interconnected Breeding Population in Rice.

Cold stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that impede rice production. A interconnected breeding (IB) population consisted of 497 advanced lines developed using HHZ as the recurrent parent and eight diverse elite indica lines as the donors were used to identify stably expressed QTLs for CT at the booting stage. A total of 41,754 high-quality SNPs were obtained through re-sequencing of the IB population.