Transitions in treatment: A systematic review and meta-aggregation of preferences and barriers in switching from oral to long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV and stakeholders.

Introduction: Antiretroviral treatment (ART) has significantly enhanced health outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH). With the evolution of treatment options, there is an increasing interest in the development of long-acting injectable formulations of antiretroviral drugs. These formulations present a promising alternative to oral ART.

Reducing the oil absorption and oil deterioration in fried apple slices by ultrasound integrated in infrared frying.

The effects of integrated ultrasonic infrared frying (USIF) on the oil absorption of apple slices and the oil deterioration were studied with frequency of 28 and 40 kHz, respectively. Results showed that the heat transfer and moisture migration was accelerated by the integrated ultrasound in IF. The soluble Gal-A content and esterification degree of pectin was increased, the damages of pectin crystal structure and chemical structure in side chain was aggravated.

Preparation and characterization of biochar from four different solid wastes and its ampicillin adsorption performance.

The integration of biochar (BC) production from organic waste with ampicillin (AMP), an emerging pollutant, adsorption is a novel and promising treatment approach. In this study, peanut shells, coffee grounds, digestates, and oyster shells were used for BC production. Among these, the use of anaerobic digestate from food waste fermentation to produce extracts for antibiotic adsorption is relatively unexplored.

miR-29b-triggered epigenetic regulation of cardiotoxicity following exposure to deltamethrin in zebrafish.

Deltamethrin is a classical pyrethroid insecticide that is frequently detected in aquatic environments and organisms. Furthermore, deltamethrin has been detected in samples related to human health and is a potential risk to public health. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of cardiotoxicity induced by deltamethrin.

The effect of city size on the disability rate of the older adults: empirical evidence from CHARLS data.

Background: Exploring the value orientation of city development from the perspective of people's well-being is key to clarifying the current debate on city size strategies.

Methods: Based on the survey data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in two phases, and by using the unbalanced panel-ordered logit model, stepwise analysis method, and KHB method, among others, we discuss the impact of city size on the disability rate of older adults.

Results: The study finds that city size significantly and positively affects the activities of daily living (ADL) of older adults, with odd ratios of 1.

Site 1 protease aggravates acute kidney injury by promoting tubular epithelial cell ferroptosis through SIRT3-SOD2-mtROS signaling.

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. Ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of oxidative cell death, is involved in the pathogenesis of renal I/R injury; however, the underlying mechanism remains to be explored. Here, we reported that site 1 protease (S1P) promotes ischemic kidney injury by regulating ferroptotic cell death of tubular epithelial cells.

Overview of tumor immunotherapy based on approved drugs.

Tumor immunotherapy has become a new hotspot for cancer treatment. Various immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, oncolytic viruses (OVs), cytokines, and cancer vaccines, have been used to treat tumors. They operate through different mechanisms, along with certain toxicities and side effects.

ER Stress-Perturbed Intracellular Protein O-GlcNAcylation Aggravates Podocyte Injury in Diabetes Nephropathy.

Diabetes nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, and podocyte injury is the central contributor to the progression of DN. Despite the emerging evidence that has established the importance of podocyte endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the pathogenesis of DN, abnormal protein O-GlcNAcylation is also augmented. Currently, the mechanism associating these two hyperglycemia-induced disorders remains poorly understood.

Correlation between air pollution and cognitive impairment among older individuals: empirical evidence from China.

Background: Little information is available regarding the impact of air pollution on cognitive impairment in older individuals in developing countries. This study empirically tested the impacts of the air quality index (AQI), air pollution intensity (quantified by the number of days of extreme air pollution in a year), and different pollutants on the cognitive abilities of older Chinese individuals.

Methods: A panel of 28,395 participants spanning 122 cities in 2015 and 2018 was used, based on 3-year follow-up survey data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database.

Incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, a multicenter cohort study in Shanghai, China.

During March 2022 to January 2023, two Omicron waves hit Shanghai and caused a massive number of reinfections. To better understand the incidence and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in Shanghai, China, we conducted a multicenter cohort study. COVID-19 patients first infected with BA.

Natural deep eutectic solvent-A novel green solvent for protein stabilization.

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) have been explored to provide a favorable environment for protein stabilization. In this context, NADESs were prepared with the molar ratio of trehalose to betaine ranging from 1:3 to 1:9 (NADES 1-3 to NADES 1-9). There was a strong hydrogen bond interaction between trehalose and betaine, and the interaction weakened with the reduction of trehalose.

The Interactive Effects of Deficit Irrigation and Inoculation on Growth and Physiology of Tomato Plant.

The effects of inoculating plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and soil water deficits on crop growth and physiology remain largely unknown. Here, the responses of leaf gas exchange, growth, and water use efficiency (WUE) of tomato plants to () inoculation under four irrigation strategies (I1-I4) were investigated in a greenhouse. Results showed that soil water deficits, especially at I4 (20%, /), significantly decreased leaf stomatal conductance (g), transpiration rate (T), and photosynthetic rate (A), and the decrease of g and T were more pronounced than A.

Unraveling the central and bridge psychological symptoms of people living with HIV: A network analysis.

Background: People living with HIV (PLWH) experience multiple psychological symptoms. Few studies have provided information on central and bridge psychological symptoms among PLWH. This information has implications for improving the efficiency and efficacy of psychological interventions.

Effects of β2 Integrins on Osteoclasts, Macrophages, Chondrocytes, and Synovial Fibroblasts in Osteoarthritis.

β2 integrins are transmembrane receptors that exist widely in human immune cells and participate in pathological processes such as chronic inflammation, thrombosis, and malignant tumor formation. They mainly mediate intercellular adhesion, coordinate the ingestion of extracellular matrix components, and regulate cytoskeleton formation, thereby regulating cell signaling. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease that causes joint pain and increases disease burden; it has a high prevalence among populations worldwide.

Impact of socioeconomic status and health risk on fall inequality among older adults.

Socio-economic status (SES) is one of the important indicators reflecting individual social participation and resource allocation, and it plays an important role in individual health shock. Health shock indicates the body being in a non-healthy state, such as illness, injury and death. This study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study conducted in 2013, 2015 and 2018 and utilised the panel logit model, causal step-by-step analysis and path analysis to empirically test the impact of SES on fall inequality among the elderly and the mediating effect of health shock.

Prolonged exposure of azocyclotin induced inter- and transgenerational endocrine disruption on Danio rerio linked to transcriptomic and DNA methylomic alterations.

The transgenerational effect assessment linked to epigenetic analysis of environmental pollutants on eco (toxico)logical relevant species is regarded as a potential future risk-assessment tool. As an organotin acaricide widely used in China, azocyclotin can lead to endocrine disrupting effect on directly exposed environmental organisms, but whether it has transgenerational negative impact remains unknown. In order to illustrate this issue, in the present study, zebrafish, an aquatic model animal, was exposed to azocyclotin at less than μg/L level in a time span of embryonic stage to adult stage.

Prophylactic Effect of TKSN02 on Gastric Injury Induced by Hydrochloric Acid/Ethanol in Mice Through Its Antioxidant Capacity.

In this article, the preventive and protective effect of a new , ( TKSN02: LF-N2), which was isolated and identified from Xinjiang naturally fermented yogurt, on hydrochloric acid (HCl)/ethanol induced gastric injury in mice was studied. A total of 40 mice were divided into the following five groups: normal, model, LF-N2, LB (), and Ranitidine groups. Except for the normal and model groups, mice in the other groups were treated with LF-N2, LB ( bulgaricus), and Ranitidine separately, and the injury of the gastric tissue was observed by taking photos and pathological sections.

Impact of Air Pollution on Residents' Medical Expenses: A Study Based on the Survey Data of 122 Cities in China.

With the development of the social economy, air pollution has resulted in increased social costs. Medical costs and health issues due to air pollution are important aspects of environmental governance in various countries. This study uses daily air pollution monitoring data from 122 cities in China to empirically investigate the impact of air pollution on residents' medical expenses using the Heckman two-stage and instrumental variable methods, matching data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) survey.

Evaluating the long-term care insurance policy from medical expenses and health security equity perspective: evidence from China.

Background: Since the national long-term care (LTCI) policy pilot in 2016 of China, the LTCI policy has had significant impact on the residents in the pilot area.

Methods: From the perspective of medical expenses and health security equity, this study selects tracking survey data from the CHARLS database in 2013, 2015, and 2018 and empirically investigates the effect of LTCI policy pilot by using differences-in-differences method (DID). Moreover, this study measures the economic distribution and health equity of the treated and untreated groups using the concentration and Theil indices.

Prokaryotic expression of human-sourced and zebrafish-sourced protein kinase A alpha catalytic subunits combined with in vitro and in silico assay.

The extensively studied cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) is involved in the regulation of critical cell processes, including metabolism, gene expression, and cell proliferation. Therefore, PKA has been viewed increasingly as potential target for variety of drugs and environmental endocrine disruptors. Consequentially, the preparation of PKA protein became an important initial step for the subsequent exploration of PKA's character in endocrine disrupting effects of pesticides.

Estrogen receptor: A potential linker of estrogenic and dopaminergic pathways in zebrafish larvae following deltamethrin exposure.

Deltamethrin (DM), a type II pyrethroid insecticide, is widely used to control agricultural pests. However, its excessive use exerts a detrimental effect on the ecological environment and human health, indicating the need to study its potential risks in detail. In the present study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to varying concentrations of DM (0.

Interventional effect of dietary fiber on blood glucose and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.

To investigate the effect of dietary fiber on blood glucose and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). One hundred and twelve patients with GDM in the second trimester of pregnancy were recruited from Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Patients were randomized into two groups with 56 in each group: the control group received basic nutrition support; while the dietary fiber group were given additional dietary fiber ( total dietary fiber per day) before meals in addition to basic nutrition support.

Enhanced nutrient removal and facilitating granulation via intermittent aeration in simultaneous partial nitrification endogenous denitrification and phosphorus removal (SPNEDpr) process.

A novel simultaneous partial nitrification, endogenous denitrification and phosphorus removal (SPNEDpr) system was operated for 213 days in a sequencing batch reactor to treat real domestic sewage. The nutrient removal was achieved under an operation mode of intermittent aeration at unequal intervals with low oxygen concentrations. Through optimizing intermittent aeration conditions, the removal efficiencies of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN), POP and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reached 78.

How does air quality affect residents' life satisfaction? Evidence based on multiperiod follow-up survey data of 122 cities in China.

Since entering the new era, China's socialist contradiction has been transformed into the contradiction between the people's growing need for a better life and the unbalanced and inadequate development. How to improve the quality of people's life through the improvement of air quality has become an important content restricting social development and a key problem to be solved. Based on the life satisfaction (LS) method, this study takes air quality into the individual utility function, and through matching China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), two phases of microindividual tracking data with 122 urban environmental quality data innovatively investigate the impact of air quality on residents' LS and its income substitution effect.