Rational Design of Dual-Functionalized Gd@C Nanoparticles to Relieve Neuronal Cytotoxicity in Alzheimer's Disease via Inhibition of Aβ Aggregation.

The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides is a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and plays a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Particularly, the structured oligomeric species rich in β-sheet formations were implicated in neuronal organelle damage. Addressing this formidable challenge requires identifying candidates capable of inhibiting peptide aggregation or disaggregating preformed oligomers for effective antiaggregation-based AD therapy.

Lactic acid production with two types of feedstocks from food waste: Effect of inoculum, temperature, micro-oxygen, and initial pH.

Lactic acid (LA) is an important chemical with broad market applications. To optimize LA production, food waste has been explored as feedstock. Due to the wide variety of food waste types, most current research studies have obtained different conclusions.

Establishment and Evaluation of a Risk Prediction Model for Pathological Escalation of Gastric Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia.

The study aims to explore the risk factors for pathological escalation after endoscopic surgery for gastric low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) and to establish and evaluate a risk prediction model for LGIN. A total of 120 patients diagnosed with gastric LGIN by biopsy and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) between November 2020 and June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Gender, age, Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, lesion size, lesion location, morphology, gastric mucosal congestion, nodules status, surface ulceration and erosion, and ME-observation of all patients were collected and divided into upgraded and non-upgraded groups according to the biopsy and ESD postoperative pathological diagnosis results.

CDK4 as a Prognostic Marker of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and CDK4 Inhibitors as Potential Therapeutics.

Background: The proteins CDK4 and CDK6, which are extremely homologous, control cell cycle entry. For the treatment of breast tumors that include hormone receptors, CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors have been authorized. The link between CDK4 and liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), however, has not yet been established.

The Effect of Acetylation on the Physicochemical Properties of Chickpea Starch.

The effect of acetylation on the physicochemical properties of chickpea starch was studied. After the chickpea starch was acetylated, the basic properties were measured. When the degree of substitution (DS) was 0.

Effects of self-produced lactic fermentation (SPLF) on GHG and VSC emissions during swine slurry storage.

Self-produced lactic fermentation (SPLF) is a new valued utilization technology, but its impact on gas emission remains unclear. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of replacing the HSO additive with SPLF on greenhouse gas (GHG), and volatile sulfur compound (VSC) emissions from swine slurry storage in a laboratory-scale study. In this study, SPLF is directed toward producing lactic acid (LA) through the anaerobic fermentation of slurry and apple waste under the most suitable conditions, with the LA concentration kept at 10,000-52000 mg COD/L and the pH remaining within 4.

Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Improves Memory Function in Alzheimer's Mice by Ameliorating Abnormal Gamma Oscillation.

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is considered to have a positive effect on the rehabilitation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as an intervention method that matches stimulation frequency to neurogenesis frequency. However, when tACS intervention is delivered to a single target, the current received by brain regions outside the target may be insufficient to trigger neural activity, compromising the effectiveness of stimulation. Therefore, it is worth studying how single-target tACS restores gamma-band activity in the whole hippocampal-prefrontal circuit during rehabilitation.

Control of odor emissions from livestock farms: A review.

Odor emission seriously affects human and animal health, and the ecological environment. Nevertheless, a systematic summary regarding the control technology for odor emissions in livestock breeding is currently lacking. This paper summarizes odor control technology, highlighting its applicability, advantages, and limitations, which can be used to evaluate and identify the most appropriate methods in livestock production management.

Long-term gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation improves the memory function of mice with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The main manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in patients and animal models is impaired memory function, characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and impairment of gamma oscillations that play an important role in perception and cognitive function. The therapeutic effect of gamma band stimulation in AD mouse models has been reported recently. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is an emerging non-invasive intervention method, but at present, researchers have not completely understood the intervention effect of tACS.

Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of multiple primary malignant neoplasms in female patients with breast cancer or genitalia malignancies.

Background: As public awareness of health has increased and diagnostic and treatment options have improved, the survival of patients with malignant tumors has continued to extend, and the population has been aging, the number of multiple primary malignant neoplasms has gradually increased in recent years. There are few reports concerning female patients with multiple primary malignant neoplasms of breast cancer or genitalia malignancies. In this study, we aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of multiple primary malignant neoplasms in female patients with breast cancer or genitalia malignancies, as well as further explore the factors that affect the survival.

Empagliflozin attenuates cardiac microvascular ischemia/reperfusion through activating the AMPKα1/ULK1/FUNDC1/mitophagy pathway.

Mitophagy preserves microvascular structure and function during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Empagliflozin, an anti-diabetes drug, may also protect mitochondria. We explored whether empagliflozin could reduce cardiac microvascular I/R injury by enhancing mitophagy.

Cervical cerclage in twin pregnancies: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Data on the prevention of preterm birth in twin pregnancies with cervical cerclage remain inconsistent. Thus, this study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the value of cervical cerclage as a treatment strategy to prevent preterm birth in twin pregnancies with regard to both maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Study Design: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant studies and trials from their inception up to December 2020.

Mechanistic investigation of elemental mercury adsorption over silver-modified vanadium silicate: A DFT study.

Ag-modified vanadium silicate (EVS-Ag) has been regarded as a superior sorbent for elemental mercury (Hg) capture from coal-fired flue gas. However, the atomic-level reaction mechanism which determines Hg adsorption capacity of EVS-Ag sorbent remains elusive. Reaction mechanism and active sites of Hg adsorption over EVS-Ag sorbent were studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations systematically.

Fabrication of noble metal nanoparticles decorated on one dimensional hierarchical polypyrrole@MoS microtubes.

MoS-based hybrids have aroused great interest for their outstanding performance in the application fields of biochemical sensing, catalysis and energy storage. Herein, we present a facile strategy to fabricate hierarchical microtubes by cultivating a MoS sheet-like nanostructure on polypyrrole microtubes (designated as PPy@MoS microtubes) using MoO@PPy micro-cables as self-sacrificial templates. Such a dissolution-regrowth mechanism is demonstrated for the formation of hierarchical PPy@MoS microtubes by studying the morphology of the intermediate products in the process of the sulfidation reaction.

Plasticity of Sniffing Pattern and Neural Activity in the Olfactory Bulb of Behaving Mice During Odor Sampling, Anticipation, and Reward.

The olfactory bulb (OB) is the first relay station in the olfactory system. In the OB, mitral/tufted cells (M/Ts), which are the main output neurons, play important roles in the processing and representation of odor information. Recent studies focusing on the function of M/Ts at the single-cell level in awake behaving mice have demonstrated that odor-evoked firing of single M/Ts displays transient/long-term plasticity during learning.

Task-Demand-Dependent Neural Representation of Odor Information in the Olfactory Bulb and Posterior Piriform Cortex.

In awake rodents, the neural representation of olfactory information in the olfactory bulb is largely dependent on brain state and behavioral context. Learning-modified neural plasticity has been observed in mitral/tufted cells, the main output neurons of the olfactory bulb. Here, we propose that the odor information encoded by mitral/tufted cell responses in awake mice is highly dependent on the behavioral task demands.

Fullerene Derivative-Modified SnO Electron Transport Layer for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency over 21.

Tin dioxide (SnO) has been widely applied as an electron transport layer (ETL) for the n-i-p-type perovskite solar cells (Pero-SCs). However, the existence of defects at the surface of SnO and the hysteresis behavior of the devices with SnO ETL limit its application in the Pero-SCs. In this study, a fullerene derivative pyrrolidinofullerene C-substituted phenol (NPC-OH) was synthesized and applied to modify the SnO ETL in Pero-SCs for the first time.

Leptin modulates olfactory discrimination and neural activity in the olfactory bulb.

Aim: Leptin is an important peptide hormone that regulates food intake and plays a crucial role in modulating olfactory function. Although a few previous studies have investigated the effect of leptin on odor perception and discrimination in rodents, research on the neural basis underlying the behavioral changes is lacking. Here we study how leptin affects behavioral performance during a go/no-go task and how it modulates neural activity of mitral/tufted cells in the olfactory bulb, which plays an important role in odor information processing and representation.

Vanadium silicate (EVS)-supported silver nanoparticles: A novel catalytic sorbent for elemental mercury removal from flue gas.

Vanadium silicate (EVS) is a vanadium-substituted form of titanosilicate that has a high potential for use as a sorbent for mercury removal. In the present study, EVS with supported silver nanoparticles (EVS-Ag100) as the catalytic sorbent was synthesized for elemental mercury (Hg°) capture. The physical and chemical properties of the sorbents were investigated.