Antioxidant potential of peptides from poultry hemoglobin via probiotic-assisted hydrolysis: Deciphering mechanisms at the cellular level and through molecular dynamics simulations.

Achieving the therapeutic goal of treating diseases by effectively controlling the excessive accumulation of intracellular free radicals is still very challenging, which motivates researchers to develop efficient novel antioxidant peptides from sustainable resources continuously. This study first pioneered a probiotic-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis of hemoglobin, which obtained 149 peptides. Two antioxidant peptides were rapidly screened using advanced molecular dynamics simulation techniques, revealing their molecular interaction mechanisms with Keap1.

Ready-to-Cook Foods: Technological Developments and Future Trends-A Systematic Review.

Ready-to-cook (RTC) foods can significantly improve the cooking experience of busy or unskillful consumers, based on production involving technical combinations of food processing and packaging. Initialized by a market survey of 172 products in Beijing, this systematic review analyzes RTC foods' development status according to ingredients, packaging, and storage conditions to further clarify the scope of RTC foods. The working principles and efficacy of various food processing techniques, such as washing, cutting, marinating, and frying, and packaging design or innovations such as modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) were both summarized in detail, with attention to their ability to extend shelf life, reduce safety risks, and maximize production efficiency in RTC food production.

Tipping points of evolving epidemiological networks: Machine learning-assisted, data-driven effective modeling.

We study the tipping point collective dynamics of an adaptive susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) epidemiological network in a data-driven, machine learning-assisted manner. We identify a parameter-dependent effective stochastic differential equation (eSDE) in terms of physically meaningful coarse mean-field variables through a deep-learning ResNet architecture inspired by numerical stochastic integrators. We construct an approximate effective bifurcation diagram based on the identified drift term of the eSDE and contrast it with the mean-field SIS model bifurcation diagram.

Influence of electrodeposition parameters on the fabrication of Ni-Co/SiC + TiN composite films through pulse current electrodeposition.

In this investigation, pulsed current electro-deposition (PCE) was used to prefabricate Ni-Co/SiC + TiN composite coatings (NCSTCCs) on mild steel surfaces. The research focused on the influence of two electrodeposition parameters, pulse frequency (PF) and duty cycle (DC), on NCSTCF features including microscopic surface morphology, crystal orientation, grain size, microhardness, SiC and TiN nanoparticles (NPs), deposition quantity, and corrosion resistance properties. The results indicated that NCSTCCs produced under a 10% DC showed minimal SiC and TiN contents with a percent volume of just 5.

Task-oriented machine learning surrogates for tipping points of agent-based models.

We present a machine learning framework bridging manifold learning, neural networks, Gaussian processes, and Equation-Free multiscale approach, for the construction of different types of effective reduced order models from detailed agent-based simulators and the systematic multiscale numerical analysis of their emergent dynamics. The specific tasks of interest here include the detection of tipping points, and the uncertainty quantification of rare events near them. Our illustrative examples are an event-driven, stochastic financial market model describing the mimetic behavior of traders, and a compartmental stochastic epidemic model on an Erdös-Rényi network.

The lack of PPARα exacerbated the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice with spleen deficiency syndrome by triggering an inflammatory response.

Background: In addition to abnormal liver inflammation, the main symptoms of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are often accompanied by gastrointestinal digestive dysfunction, consistent with the concept of spleen deficiency (SD) in traditional Chinese medicine. As an important metabolic sensor, whether peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) participates in regulating the occurrence and development of NASH with SD (NASH-SD) remains to be explored.

Methods: Clinical liver samples were collected for RNA-seq analysis.

Hepatic Zbtb18 (Zinc Finger and BTB Domain Containing 18) alleviates hepatic steatohepatitis via FXR (Farnesoid X Receptor).

A lasting imbalance between fatty acid synthesis and consumption leads to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), coupled with hepatitis and insulin resistance. Yet the details of the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we unraveled that the expression of the transcription factor Zbtb18 is markedly decreased in the livers of both patients and murine models of NAFLD.

Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Self-Assembly Spermidine-Capped Carbon Dots against .

This paper investigated the antibacterial mechanism of spermidine-capped carbon dots (S-PCDs) against . The results showed that there were a large number of amino groups on the surface of S-PCDs and they had a high positive charge (+47.06 mV), which could be adsorbed on the negatively charged bacterial surface through electrostatic interaction and changed the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane.

Synthesizing Carbon Quantum Dots via Hydrothermal Reaction to Produce Efficient Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Nanomaterials.

This study aimed to synthesize antibacterial carbon quantum dots (SP-CDs) from polyethyleneimine and spermidine via hydrothermal reaction. It was revealed that SP-CDs, with small size (7.18 nm) and high positive charge (+31.

Development of a bacterial gene transcription activating strategy based on transcriptional activator positive feedback.

Introduction: Transcription of biological nitrogen fixation (nif) genes is activated by the NifA protein which recognizes specific activating sequences upstream of σ-dependent nif promoters. The large quantities of nitrogenase which can make up 20% of the total proteins in the cell indicates high transcription activating efficiency of NifA and high transcription level of nifHDK nitrogenase genes.

Objectives: Development of an efficient gene transcription activating strategy in bacteria based on positive transcription regulatory proteins and their regulating DNA sequences.

Construction and properties of a carbon dots-decorated gelatin-dialdehyde starch hydrogel with pH response release and antibacterial activity.

An antibacterial carbon dot hydrogel (GDS) was constructed based on gelatin, dialdehyde starch (DS) and carbon dots (S-PCDs). The formation mechanism of GDS hydrogels was attributed to the synergistic cross-linking of hydrogen bonds and dynamic covalent bonds. With increasing S-PCD content, the mechanical and rheological properties of GDS hydrogels can be improved, and the micropore size becomes denser.

Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Ginsenoside Rd for Activating SIRT6 in Treating a Mouse Model of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent global condition and a common precursor to liver cancer, yet there is currently no specific medication available for its treatment. Ginseng, renowned for its medicinal and dietary properties, has been utilized in NAFLD management, although the precise underlying mechanism remains elusive. To investigate the effectiveness of ginsenoside Rd, we employed mouse and cell models to induce NAFLD using high-fat diets, oleic acid, and palmitic acid.

Hepatic Clstn3 Ameliorates Lipid Metabolism Disorders in High Fat Diet-Induced NAFLD through Activation of FXR.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become serious liver disease all over the world. At present, NAFLD caused by high calorie and fat diet is increasing. Calsyntenin-3 (Clstn3) is a transmembrane protein that has recently been found to participate in lipid energy metabolism.

Preparation and Characterization for the Thermal Stability and Mechanical Property of PLA and PLA/CF Samples Built by FFF Approach.

Currently, the mechanical performances of polylactic acid (PLA) samples prepared using the fused filament fabrication (FFF) technique are relatively poor. Hence, the carbon fiber (CF) is used to improve the thermal stability and mechanical property of FFF-ed PLA samples in this paper. The crystalline structure, thermal stability, melt flow rate, tensile strength and fractured surface morphology of PLA and PLA/CF samples were investigated with an X-ray diffraction device, differential scanning calorimeter, thermogravimetric analyzer, melt flow rate equipment, universal tensile test machine and scanning electron microscope, respectively.

Hepatic ZBTB22 promotes hyperglycemia and insulin resistance via PEPCK1-driven gluconeogenesis.

Excessive gluconeogenesis can lead to hyperglycemia and diabetes through as yet incompletely understood mechanisms. Herein, we show that hepatic ZBTB22 expression is increased in both diabetic clinical samples and mice, being affected by nutritional status and hormones. Hepatic ZBTB22 overexpression increases the expression of gluconeogenic and lipogenic genes, heightening glucose output and lipids accumulation in mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs), while ZBTB22 knockdown elicits opposite effects.

Hepatic ZBTB22-mediated detoxification ameliorates acetaminophen-induced liver injury by inhibiting pregnane X receptor signaling.

Overdose acetaminophen (APAP) can cause acute liver injury (ALI), but the underlying mechanism remains undetermined. This study explored the role of hepatic Zinc Finger And BTB Domain Containing 22 (ZBTB22) in defense against APAP-mediated hepatotoxicity. The results showed that hepatic ZBTB22 expression was significantly reduced in patients with ALI and mice.

Investigation of Carbon Fiber on the Tensile Property of FDM-Produced PLA Specimen.

Herein, the effect of carbon fibers (CFs) on the tensile property of a polylactic acid (PLA) specimen prepared by utilizing the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method, is investigated. The tensile property, crystal structure, and morphology of FDM-produced specimens were detected by universal testing machine, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Meanwhile, the reinforcement mechanism of CFs on the FDM-printed PLA specimens was also studied.

Ginsenoside Rc attenuates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, intestinal inflammatory, and barrier function by activating the farnesoid X receptor.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation is involved in ameliorating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis (UC), and inflammatory regulation may be involved in its mechanism. Ginsenoside Rc (Rc) is a major component of , and it plays an excellent role in the anti-inflammatory processes. Our aim is to explore the alleviative effect of Rc on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced inflammation and deficiencies in barrier function based on FXR signaling.

Ginsenoside Rc Modulates SIRT6-NRF2 Interaction to Alleviate Alcoholic Liver Disease.

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a serious worldwide health problem. Ginsenoside Rc is a major active ingredient isolated from , whose pharmacological effects counteract oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid accumulation. However, it is still unclear whether ginsenoside Rc might exert beneficial effects on alcohol-induced liver injury.

Ginsenoside Rc, as an FXR activator, alleviates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity relieving inflammation and oxidative stress.

Acetaminophen (APAP) intake leads to excessive NAPQI deposition, stimulating inflammatory and oxidative stress and causing fatal liver injury. However, the detailed molecular mechanism involved is unknown, and effective therapeutic approaches remain insufficient. In this study, we discovered that treatment with ginsenoside Rc can prevent the inflammatory response caused by APAP and oxidative stress in mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs), along with the corresponding changes in related genes.

[Advances in the biomedical application research of halophilic microorganisms].

In recent years, antibiotic resistance has become increasingly serious, and the number of cancer patients keeps increasing. There is an urgent need to develop new drugs with antibacterial and antitumor effects. Halophilic microorganisms are a special group of microorganisms living in extreme environment.

Hepatic SIRT6 Modulates Transcriptional Activities of FXR to Alleviate Acetaminophen-induced Hepatotoxicity.

Background & Aims: Excessive acetaminophen (APAP) intake causes oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to fatal hepatotoxicity; however, the mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to explore the protective effects and detailed mechanisms of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) in the defense against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.

Methods: Hepatocyte-specific SIRT6 knockout mice, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) knockout mice, and mice with genetic or pharmacological activation of SIRT6 were subjected to APAP to evaluate the critical role of SIRT6 in the pathogenesis of acute liver injury.

Whole genome sequencing of the halophilic Halomonas qaidamensis XH36, a novel species strain with high ectoine production.

Here, we report the whole genome of a novel halophilic Halomonas species strain XH36 with high ectoine production potential. The genome was 3,818,310 bp in size with a GC content of 51.97%, and contained 3533 genes, 61 tRNAs and 18 rRNAs.

Rheology and texture analysis of gelatin/dialdehyde starch hydrogel carriers for curcumin controlled release.

A hydrogel carrier was prepared by synergistic cross-linking of dynamic imine bonds and hydrogen bonds between gelatin and dialdehyde starch (DS). The dynamic gelation process and rheological and mechanical properties of hydrogels with different concentrations of DS were studied by dynamic rheology and texture analysis. By changing the content of DS, the gelation kinetics of the hydrogel were adjusted to determine the different gelation times and ensure good injectability.