Erhong Jiangzhi Decoction Inhibits Lipid Accumulation and Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Nrf2 Restoration Under Obesity.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to the liver pathological changes caused by excessive fat accumulation in hepatocytes owing to various reasons, which has become an emerging health challenge. Erhong Jiangzhi Decoction (EHJD) is a traditional Chinese medicine decoction. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of EHJD on NAFLD.

Transcriptomic analysis of epicardial adipose tissue reveals the potential crosstalk genes and immune relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation.

Background: The complex relationship between atrial fibrillation (AF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suggests a potential role for epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) that requires further investigation. This study employs bioinformatics and experimental approaches to clarify EAT's role in linking T2DM and AF, aiming to unravel the biological mechanisms involved.

Method: Bioinformatics analysis initially identified common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in EAT from T2DM and AF datasets.

Targeting myocardial inflammation: investigating the therapeutic potential of atrial natriuretic peptide in atrial fibrosis.

Background: Atrial Fibrillation (AF), a prevalent arrhythmic condition, is intricately associated with atrial fibrosis, a major pathological contributor. Central to the development of atrial fibrosis is myocardial inflammation. This study focuses on Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) and its role in mitigating atrial fibrosis, aiming to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which ANP exerts its effects, with an emphasis on fibroblast dynamics.

Monolithic PMN-39PT nanograting-assisted second harmonic generation enhancement.

Second harmonic generation plays a vital role in frequency conversion which mutually promotes the laser technology and allows the wavebands extension of new coherent source. The monolithic crystals are supposed to be a superior choice for harmonic generation due to long interaction distance, however, the phase-mismatch brought a sharp reduction in the conversion efficiency. Although birefringent phase-matching and quasi-phase-matching techniques are commonly utilized to fill the phase gap in monolithic crystals, these techniques are limited by the natural refractive index of crystal and the domain engineering, respectively.

[Discussion on the status quo and solutions to the prevention and control of birth defects among primary obstetricians and gynecologists in the era of molecular genetic testing].

Birth defects are an important factor for the quality of newborn population. With the development of molecular genetic technology, an increasing number of genetic disorders leading to birth defects can now be detected. The lack of the knowledge for the basics and clinical applications of molecular genetic techniques have emerged as a shortcoming for primary care physicians who have formed the first tier prevention for birth defects.

Optical single-channel color image encryption based on chaotic fingerprint phase mask and diffractive imaging.

An optical single-channel color image encryption scheme based on chaotic fingerprint phase mask and diffractive imaging is proposed. In this proposed encryption scheme, the fingerprint used to generate the random phase masks is served as a secret key directly. Additionally, the random phase masks generated by the fingerprint, chaotic Lozi map, and secure hash algorithm (SHA-256) are used only as interim variables.

Asymmetric double-image encryption based on chaotic random phase encoding.

An asymmetric double-image encryption scheme based on chaotic random phase encoding (CRPE) is proposed. In this proposed encryption scheme, two grayscale images to be encrypted are first Fresnel transformed and combined into a complex image. Then, the amplitude and phase components are obtained by conducting phase-amplitude truncation on the complex image.

Zoom optical system design for acousto-optic tunable filter camera assisted by programming multidimensional analysis.

A medium infrared 12× continuous zoom optical system serving for an acousto-optic tunable filter spectral camera has been designed covering a 25-300 mm zooming range. Instead of relying on past experience for roughly determining the initial optical structure, a simulation programming based on Gaussian principle has been composed via MATLAB to accurately calculate the initial designing parameters, which is confirmed to be extremely close to the optimized results using Zemax. The relative design results have been multidimensionally analyzed in detail, which offers fresh thinking for future zoom optical design covering broadband operation wave band.

Multi-modulation compatible miniaturization system for FSO communication assisted by chirp-managed laser.

In recent years, the thriving satellite laser communication industry has been severely hindered by the limitations of incompatible modulation formats and restricted Size Weight and Power (SWaP). A multi-modulation compatible method serving for free-space optical (FSO) communication has been proposed assisted by chirp-managed laser (CML). The corresponding demonstration system has been established for realizing free-switching between intensity (OOK) and phase modulation (RZ-DPSK).

Light modulation based on the enhanced Kerr effect in molybdenum disulfide nanostructures with curved features.

A novel type of molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanoparticles (NPs) was chemically synthesized, which possessed curved features with three-dimensional (3D) freedom compared with planar two-dimensional (2D) materials. Due to the introduction of curved features, the synthesized NPs exhibited a strongly enhanced nonlinear refractive index ( ∼ 10 cm W) and third-order susceptibility ( ∼ 10 esu), which were experimentally verified by the spatial self-phase modulation effect in the visible wavelength range. Both the nonlinear parameters were two orders of magnitude higher than their planar MoS nanostructure counterparts.

Effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine in treating gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with acute stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 randomized controlled trials.

Background: Gastrointestinal dysfunction is one of the complications after stroke. If it is not treated in time, it will affect the rehabilitation process after stroke and reduce the quality of life of patients. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the reports on the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction after stroke with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in recent years to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Conical second harmonic generation in KDP crystal assisted by optical elastic scattering.

We observed the generation of phase-matching conical second harmonic generation (SHG) inside KDP crystal under anomalous dispersion condition, which is attributed to complete phase-matching assisted by fundamental wave (FW) and scattering wave. The double-ring pattern of the conical SHG implies that elastic scattering can stimulate two different polarization states of scattering wave. Furthermore, SH ring of KDP displays inhomogeneous intensity around the ring, which has relevance to effective nonlinear coefficient, and it can be used to investigate crystal symmetry.

Members of the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1 are implicated in anaerobic digestion of cellulose.

Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester. In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.

Detection of WWE2-related Lentisphaerae by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization in landfill leachate.

We collected samples of anaerobic landfill leachate from municipal solid waste landfill (Vert-le-Grand, France) and constructed 16S rRNA clone libraries using primers targeting Planctomycetes and relatives (Pla46F and 1390R). Analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences resulted in the abundant representation of WWE2-related Lentisphaerae, members of the phylum Lentisphaerae, in the clone library (98% of the retrieved sequences). Although the sequences that are phylogenetically affiliated with the cultured isolate Victivallis vadensis were identified (WWE2 subgroup II), the majority of the sequences were affiliated with an uncultured Lentisphaerae lineage (WWE2 subgroup I).

Towards the definition of a core of microorganisms involved in anaerobic digestion of sludge.

The microbial consortium involved in anaerobic digestion has not yet been precisely characterized and this process remains a 'black box' with limited efficiency. In this study, seven anaerobic sludge digesters were selected based on technology, type of sludge, process and water quality. The prokaryotic community of these digesters was examined by constructing and analysing a total of 9890 16S rRNA gene clones.

Insights into networks of functional microbes catalysing methanization of cellulose under mesophilic conditions.

DNA-SIP (stable isotope probing) was conducted on anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13)C-cellulose, (13)C-glucose and (13)C-acetate under mesophilic conditions. A total of 567 full-length bacterial and 448 1100-bp-length archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences were analysed. In the clone libraries derived from 'heavy' DNA fractions, the most abundant sequences were affiliated with the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, the gamma-subclass of Proteobacteria and methanogenic orders Methanomicrobiales and Methanosarcinales.

Simultaneous analysis of microbial identity and function using NanoSIMS.

Identifying the function of uncultured microbes in their environments today remains one of the main challenges for microbial ecologists. In this article, we describe a new method allowing simultaneous analysis of microbial identity and function. This method is based on the visualization of oligonucleotide probe-conferred hybridization signal in single microbial cells and isotopic measurement using high-resolution ion microprobe (NanoSIMS).

Methanogenic diversity and activity in municipal solid waste landfill leachates.

Archaeal microbial communities present in municipal solid waste landfill leachates were characterized using a 16S rDNA approach. Phylogenetic affiliations of 239 partial length 16S rDNA sequences were determined. Sequences belonging to the order Methanosarcinales were dominant in the clone library and 65% of the clones belonged to the strictly acetoclastic methanogenic family Methanosaetaceae.