All-optical high-sensitivity resonant photoacoustic sensor for remote CH gas detection.

This paper presents an all-optical high-sensitivity resonant photoacoustic (PA) sensor to realize remote, long-distance and space-limited trace gas detection. The sensor is an integration of a T-type resonant PA cell and a particular cantilever-based fiber-optic acoustic sensor. The finite element simulations about the cantilever vibration mode and the PA field distributions are carried out based on COMSOL.

Ppb-level detection of methane based on an optimized T-type photoacoustic cell and a NIR diode laser.

This paper presents an optimized T-type resonant photoacoustic (PA) cell for methane (CH) gas detection. The noise transmission coefficients and PA field distributions of the T-type resonant PA cell have been evaluated using the finite element method and thermoviscous acoustic theory. The optimized T-type resonant PA cell, together with a near-infrared (NIR) distributed feedback (DFB) laser source, a high-speed spectrometer and a fiber-optic acoustic sensor constitutes a PAS system for CH detection.

Ultrahigh Proton Conduction in Two Highly Stable Ferrocenyl Carboxylate Frameworks.

Nowadays, although research of proton conductive materials has been extended from traditional sulfonated polymers to novel crystalline solid materials such as MOFs, COFs, and HOFs, research on crystalline ferrocene-based carboxylate materials is very limited. Herein, we selected two hydrogen-bonded and π-π interactions-supported ferrocenyl carboxylate frameworks (FCFs), [FcCO(CH)COOH] (FCF ) and [FcCOOH] (FCF ) (Fc = (η-CH)Fe(η-CH)) to fully investigate their water-mediated proton conduction. Their excellent thermal, water, and chemical stabilities were confirmed by the means of thermogravimetric analyses, PXRD, and SEM determinations.

Circulating APP, NCAM and Aβ serve as biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and the early diagnosis and intervention are important for valid treatment of AD. However, there are few biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of AD. In the present study, circulating APP, NCAM, Aβ40, and Aβ42 were measured in order to identify which marker or combination of markers could be useful, cost-effective and noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing and continuously monitoring AD.

Synergic interaction between amyloid precursor protein and neural cell adhesion molecule promotes neurite outgrowth.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases worldwide. The main features of AD are the pathological changes of density and distribution of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and extracellular amyloid plaques. The processing of amyloid beta precursor protein (APP) to β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) is one of the critical events in the pathogenesis of AD.

Mechanisms of ischemic stroke in patients with intracranial atherosclerosis: A high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging study.

High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) has a unique ability to provide an evaluation of the intracranial artery wall. This study aimed to investigate the possible mechanisms of ischemic stroke in patients with intracranial atherosclerosis using HRMRI. HRMRI was performed on 55 patients (38 male and 17 female) with acute cerebral infarction to investigate the lumen-intruding plaque at the stenotic portion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and basilar artery (BA) and to attempt to identify the mechanisms of stroke.

Atherosclerotic plaque pathohistology and classification with high-resolution MRI.

Objective: A series of research works had proven that high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was an effective tool to identify the morphological appearance of atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque. We performed further study to compare ex vivo vascular morphology with MRI and histological examination using the specimens of carotid endarterectomy and femoral artery (FA) prosthetic reconstruction, and described the detailed histology and immunohistochemistry features of plaque.

Methods: Eight consecutive patients (five males, mean age 67.

Hemorrhage and large lipid-rich necrotic cores are independently associated with thin or ruptured fibrous caps: an in vivo 3T MRI study.

Objective: Histological studies suggest associations between hemorrhage and large lipid-rich/necrotic cores with thin or ruptured fibrous caps in advanced atherosclerosis. We investigated these associations in carotid arteries with mild to severe stenosis by in vivo 3T MRI.

Methods And Results: Seventy-seven patients with >or=50% carotid stenosis in at least one side by duplex ultrasound underwent bilateral multi-contrast carotid MRI scans.

Atherosclerotic carotid vulnerable plaque and subsequent stroke: a high-resolution MRI study.

Background: High-resolution contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CEMRI) has been proven to be an effective tool for the identification of carotid atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque, such as a large lipid core and thin fibrous cap. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between carotid plaque characteristics and the types of stroke in patients who had carotid artery (CA) stenosis > or =50%.

Methods: 102 consecutive subjects (mean age 67.

Silent cerebral microbleeds on susceptibility-weighted imaging of patients with ischemic stroke and leukoaraiosis.

Objective: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are an increasingly recognized in patients with cerebrovascular disease who undergo the new MRI techniques. Susceptibility-weighted MRI is sensitive to detect silent microbleeds which are associated with microangiopathy from atherosclerosis, amyloid angiopathy or asymptomatic elderly individuals. CMBs are intracerebral old hemosiderin deposits in the perivascular space, and the clinical significance of such 'microbleeds' remains controversy.