Glutathione depletion-based pH-responsive injectable hydrogels for synergistic treatment of colon tumor.

In this paper, a pH-sensitive chitosan-grafted phenylboronic acid (CS-BA)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel was constructed based on dynamic borate bonding for loading chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin (CDDP) and divalent Cu (CS-BA/PVA-Cu-CDDP). The hydrogel can respond and degrade specifically in the simulative acidic tumor microenvironment (TME), and the released Cu can deplete glutathione (GSH) in tumor cells and generate Cu. It is worth noting that, Cu can further catalyze the Fenton-like reaction to generate cancer cell-toxic hydroxyl radicals (OH•).

Evaluating and refining undersea cable path planning algorithms: A comparative study.

This paper compares three automated path-planning algorithms based on publicly available data. The algorithms include a Dijkstra-based algorithm (DBA) that improves on the straightforward application of Dijkstra's algorithm, which restricts the path only to the grid edges. We present a fair and comprehensive comparison method for evaluating multiple algorithms-DBA, the Fast Marching Method (FMM), and a great circle-based method.

Hydrogen production from seawater electrolysis.

The world's energy landscape is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by the urgent need to address the climate issues and growing sustainable energy demand. Hydrogen can be produced from renewable sources and may play a crucial role in the zero-carbon economy, which is regarded as a promising alternative to fossil fuels. Currently, hydrogen production water electrolysis still relies on high-purity water, while seawater electrolysis benefits from the abundance of seawater, which can be particularly beneficial for water-scarce countries, and deep-sea applications, such as floating platforms or islands.

Humanizing cancer: The role of anthropomorphism and perceived efficacy in melanoma prevention.

This study investigates how melanoma anthropomorphism (i.e., the attribution of humanlike qualities to melanoma) interacts with individual differences in perceived efficacy to influence attitudes and intentions to perform preventive health behaviors.

Circadian rhythm disruption: a potential trigger in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn), and activation of microglia leading to neuroinflammation. Disturbances in circadian rhythm play a significant role in PD, with most non-motor symptoms associated with disruptions in circadian rhythm. These disturbances can be observed years before motor symptoms appear and are marked by the emergence of non-motor symptoms related to PD, such as rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), restless leg syndrome (RLS), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), depression and anxiety, changes in blood pressure, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and urinary problems.

Effects of immune response on different nano-adjuvants combined with H11 antigen of Haemonchus contortus.

The intestinal native protein H11 is one of the most immunodominant antigen of Haemonchus contortus. However, H11 combined with QuilA adjuvant shows only short-lived protection for animals. Nano-adjuvants have the huge potential to extend the immune response in human and animals.

Stress Distribution in Traumatized Teeth Splinted With Fiber Localizing on Incisal/Cervical Positions: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis.

Background/aim: The fiber splint represents an advanced treatment for traumatized dental injuries. The complete understanding of the localization of a splint on traumatized teeth remains elusive. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the incisal/cervical positions of the fiber splint on the stress distribution of traumatized dental roots in various occlusal relationships.

Overexpression of USP35 enhances the protective effect of hUC-MSCs and their extracellular vesicles in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced SH-SY5Y cells via stabilizing FUNDC1.

Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is associated with neurological disorders such as stroke. The therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) and their secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) in alleviating IR injury across various cell types including neuronal cells has been documented. However, the underlying mechanisms through which hUC-MSCs and hUC-MSC-EVs protect neuronal cells from IR-triggered damage are not well understood.

Recent advances in AIE-based platforms for cancer immunotherapy.

Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) possess the unique property of enhanced fluorescence and photostability in aggregated states, making them exceptional materials for the convergence of imaging and phototherapy. With their inherent advantages, AIEgens are propelling the field of nanomedicine into a vibrant frontier in the phototheranostics of a spectrum of diseases, particularly in the realm of cancer immunotherapy. AIEgens-based therapeutics enhance the cancer immune response through a variety of approaches, including real-time image-guided precise therapy, induction of programmed cell death, metabolic reprogramming, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment.

Ambient-pressure alkoxycarbonylation for sustainable synthesis of ester.

Alkoxycarbonylation reactions are common in the chemical industry, yet process sustainability is limited by the inefficient utilization of CO. In this study, we address this issue and demonstrate that significant improvements can be achieved by adopting a heterogeneously catalyzed process, using a Ru/NbO catalyst. The Ru/NbO catalyst enables the direct synthesis of methyl propionate, a key industrial commodity, with over 98% selectivity from CO, ethylene and methanol, without any ligands or acid/base promoters.

Risk factors for bronchiolitis obliterans complicating adenovirus pneumonia in children: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To preliminarily explore the risk factors for post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) complicating adenovirus pneumonia (ADVP) in children through a meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on three English-language databases (PubMed, Web of Science and The National Library of Medicine) and two Chinese-language databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure and the Wanfang Database) between database inception and 1 January 2023. Data analysis was conducted using Stata 15.

Toxic and essential metals: metabolic interactions with the gut microbiota and health implications.

Human exposure to heavy metals, which encompasses both essential and toxic varieties, is widespread. The intestine functions as a critical organ for absorption and metabolism of heavy metals. Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in heavy metal absorption, metabolism, and related processes.

Quantifying microplastics in sediments of Jinzhou Bay, China: Characterization and ecological risk with a focus on small sizes.

Small-sized microplastics (MPs) pose greater ecological toxicity due to their larger surface area, which makes them more likely to act as carriers for other pollutants and to be ingested by aquatic organisms. However, traditional visual analysis often neglects small-sized MPs and their associated ecological risk. This study utilized Laser Direct Infrared (LDIR) spectroscopy and traditional visual analysis to examine MPs in 31 sediment samples from Jinzhou Bay, a typical semi-enclosed bay located at the economic center of Dalian, China.

Atomically dispersed cobalt catalysts for tandem synthesis of primary benzylamines from oxidized β-O-4 segments.

This work presents an innovative approach focusing on fine-tuning the coordination environment of atomically dispersed cobalt catalysts for tandem synthesis of primary benzylamines from oxidized lignin model compounds. By meticulously regulating the Co-N coordination environment, the activity of these catalysts in the hydrogenolysis and reductive amination reactions was effectively controlled. Notably, our study demonstrates that, in contrast to cobalt nanoparticle catalysts, atomically dispersed cobalt catalysts exhibit precise control of the sequence of hydrogenolysis and reductive amination reactions.

Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis identifies SLC25A4 as a key predictor of prognosis in osteosarcoma.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is highly malignant and prone to local infiltration and distant metastasis. Due to the poor outcomes of OS patients, the study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in OS and explore their role in the carcinogenesis and progression of OS.

Methods: RNA sequencing was performed to identify DEGs in OS.

Development of esophagogastroduodenoscopy in China: results from the national census in 2013 and 2020.

Background: Given the significant burden of upper digestive diseases, there has been a substantial increase in the utilization of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in China from 2012 to 2019. The objective of this study is to investigate the development, practice, and factors influencing the widespread use of EGD during this period.

Methods: Two national censuses were conducted among all hospitals in mainland China that perform gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation on Thickening and Solubility Properties of Novel Thickener in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide.

Supercritical CO has wide application in enhancing oil recovery, but the low viscosity of liquid CO can lead to issues such as poor proppant-carrying ability and high filtration loss. Therefore, the addition of thickening agents to CO is vital. Hydrocarbon polymers, as a class of green and sustainable materials, hold tremendous potential for acting as thickeners in supercritical CO systems, and PVAc is one of the best-performing hydrocarbon thickeners.

[Environmental regulation of water use efficiency in in Mu Us Sandy Land: From leaf to ecosystem].

Water use efficiency (WUE) is a key indicator for predicting the impacts of climate change on ecosystem carbon and water cycles. Most studies have explored the changes in the response environment of WUE at a particular scale. Few studies have examined how WUE responds to environments at multiple scales, thus limiting our in-depth understanding of the cross-scale carbon and water cycles.

Lactylation of NAT10 promotes N-acetylcytidine modification on tRNA to boost oncogenic DNA virus KSHV reactivation.

N-acetylcytidine (acC), a conserved but recently rediscovered RNA modification on tRNAs, rRNAs and mRNAs, is catalyzed by N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10). Lysine acylation is a ubiquitous protein modification that controls protein functions. Our latest study demonstrates a NAT10-dependent acC modification, which occurs on the polyadenylated nuclear RNA (PAN) encoded by oncogenic DNA virus Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), can induce KSHV reactivation from latency and activate inflammasome.

Injectable hemostatic hydrogel adhesive with antioxidant, antibacterial and procoagulant properties for hemorrhage wound management.

In emergencies, uncontrolled severe bleeding can result in undesired complications and even death of the injured. Designing advanced hemostatic agents is a potential solution for emergency hemostasis, yet it remains challenging to realize the persistent adhesion in a wet wound environment. In this study, based on dynamic reversible Schiff base bond and photo-initiated double-bond polymerization, a novel injectable hemostatic hydrogel (L-COC) consisting of methacrylated carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCSMA), oxidized konjac glucomannan (OKGM) and (+)-catechin hydrate (CH) was synthesized for emergency hemostasis.

Identifying MAGE-A4-positive tumors for TCR T cell therapies in HLA-A∗02-eligible patients.

T cell receptor (TCR) T cell therapies target tumor antigens in a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted manner. Biomarker-defined therapies require validation of assays suitable for determination of patient eligibility. For clinical trials evaluating TCR T cell therapies targeting melanoma-associated antigen A4 (MAGE-A4), screening in studies NCT02636855 and NCT04044768 assesses patient eligibility based on: (1) high-resolution HLA typing and (2) tumor MAGE-A4 testing via an immunohistochemical assay in HLA-eligible patients.

Increasing Social Support for Women via Humanizing Postpartum Depression.

Women experiencing postpartum depression (PPD) often face the debilitating symptoms of depression as well as the stigmatization associated with having a mental health crisis during motherhood. Accordingly, there have been numerous calls for theoretical-based approaches to reduce the stigma and promote social support for women with PPD. Guided by stigma research, anthropomorphism literature, and attribution theory, this research explored the effect of PPD anthropomorphism (i.

Development and status quo of digestive endoscopy in China: An analysis based on the national census in 2013 and 2020.

Background And Objectives: Technique and practice of digestive endoscopy are undergoing speedy development all over the world. This study aimed to evaluate its status quo and development in China.

Methods: All hospitals performing digestive endoscopy in mainland China participated in the national census in 2013 and 2020.

Validation of an automated iron stain process for use with bone marrow aspirate smear slides.

The assessment of bone marrow iron stores is typically performed on an aspirate smear slide that has been manually stained by a technologist using a commercially available kit. This approach can contribute to inconsistent results and limit the broad use of iron staining in bone marrow specimens, particularly when laboratories have low staffing and/or high specimen volumes. Here, we describe the adaptation and validation of the Ventana Benchmark automated stainer and iron stain kit for routine clinical use of staining iron in bone marrow aspirate smear slides.