Ultra-small quercetin-based nanotherapeutics ameliorate acute liver failure by combatting inflammation/cellular senescence cycle.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is marked by a substantial generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can induce both cellular senescence and a pronounced inflammatory response. Senescent cells secrete factors collectively termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which exacerbate inflammation, while inflammation can reciprocally promote cellular senescence. Quercetin (Que), recognized for its ROS-scavenging capabilities, holds the potential for anti-inflammatory and anti-senescent effects.

Triple-mode sensing platform for acetylcholinesterase activity monitoring and anti-Alzheimer's drug screening based on a highly stable Cu (I) compound.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and AChE inhibitors play critical roles in the early diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, a fluorescence/colorimetry/smartphone triple-mode sensing platform was constructed for both AChE activity monitoring and AChE inhibitor screening by exploring a Cu (I) compound, CuI (SR) (R = CHCHNH), as a fluorescent probe. In comparison of most other fluorescent probes, CuI (SR) presented exceptional stability against pH, temperature, UV irradiation, redox agents, and metal ions, as well as good recyclability due to its unique chemical structure.

A Pathological Diagnosis Method for Fever of Unknown Origin Based on Multipath Hierarchical Classification: Model Design and Validation.

Background: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a significant challenge for the medical community due to its association with a wide range of diseases, the complexity of diagnosis, and the likelihood of misdiagnosis. Machine learning can extract valuable information from the extensive data of patient indicators, aiding doctors in diagnosing the underlying cause of FUO.

Objective: The study aims to design a multipath hierarchical classification algorithm to diagnose FUO due to the hierarchical structure of the etiology of FUO.

Real-world clinical data-driven modelling on the initiation time of antiviral prophylaxis among pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B infection.

Background & Aims: The risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) for pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) still exists, especially for those with high HBV DNA levels. The guidelines for initiating prophylaxis for pregnant women with CHB vary across countries. We aimed to explore the latest prophylaxis initiation time for these women.

Tenofovir and Hepatitis B Virus Transmission During Pregnancy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Standard care for preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in highly viremic mothers consists of maternal antiviral prophylaxis beginning at gestational week 28 combined with an HBV vaccine series and HBV immune globulin (HBIG) at birth. However, HBIG is unavailable in some resource-limited areas.

Objective: To determine whether initiating tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) at gestational week 16 combined with HBV vaccinations for infants is noninferior to the standard care of TDF at gestational week 28 combined with HBV vaccinations and HBIG for infants in preventing MTCT in mothers with HBV and high levels of viremia.

Development and validation of a multivariable nomogram predictive of hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion after pregnancy in hepatitis B virus-infected mothers.

Background And Aims: Current guidelines are controversial regarding the continuation of nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) therapy after delivery in Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected pregnant women. The postpartum period may be an opportune moment for achieving hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion earlier with constant NAs therapy due to the restoration of immune function after delivery. We investigated prenatal and pregnant factors associated with HBeAg seroconversion after pregnancy and developed a nomogram to predict HBeAg seroconversion rates, aiding decision-making for optimal management in women.

Biocompatible Metal-Organic Framework-Based Fabric Composite as an Efficient Personal Protective Equipment for Particulate Matter-Induced Pulmonary Injury.

Efficient personal protection has emerged as a crucial approach for reducing pulmonary injury induced by particulate matter (PM). However, current personal protective equipments usually lack essential biosafety concerns and fail to own adsorbing/antioxidant/antibacterial function together, making it a challenge to develop an integrated platform with the above characteristics. Herein, a facile oxygen-free hydrothermal strategy is proposed to synthesize new copper-based metal-organic frameworks, Cu-HHTPs, (HHTP: 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene), with great adsorbing/antioxidant/antibacterial activity and high biosafety.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their derivatives as emerging biomaterials for the treatment of osteoarthritis.

As a novel class of smart biomaterials with promising potentials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely utilized in the field of biomedicine. Current researches indicate that the therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis (OA) are highly limited to achieving symptom improvement and reducing both pain and inflammation. Together, the introduction of MOFs into the treatment of OA holds the potential to offer significant benefits.

A high functional cure rate was induced by pegylated interferon alpha-2b treatment in postpartum hepatitis B e antigen-negative women with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: an exploratory study.

Background And Aims: Limited data have been reported on achieving functional cure using pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) alpha-2b treatment for postpartum hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative women with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of Peg-IFN alpha-2b in HBV postpartum women without HBeAg and identify factors linked to the functional cure.

Methods: A total of 150 HBeAg-negative postpartum women were retrospectively recruited.

Artificial Bacteriophages for Treating Oral Infectious Disease via Localized Bacterial Capture and Enhanced Catalytic Sterilization.

With the rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, nanomaterial-assisted catalytic sterilization has been well developed to combat pathogenic bacteria by elevating the level of reactive oxygen species including hydroxyl radical (·OH). Although promising, the ultra-short lifetime and limited diffusion distance of ·OH severely limit their practical antibacterial usage. Herein, the rational design and preparation of novel virus-like copper silicate hollow spheres (CSHSs) are reported, as well as their applications as robust artificial bacteriophages for localized bacterial capture and enhanced catalytic sterilization in the treatment of oral infectious diseases.

Prehabilitation in patients with cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation: protocol of a feasibility study.

Introduction: Patients with cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation (LT) are often frail, and malnourished. The period of time on the waitlist provides an opportunity to improve their physical fitness. Prehabilitation appears to improve the physical fitness of patients before major surgery.

Association of HBeAg decline rate from mid-pregnancy to delivery with HBeAg seroconversion after delivery in hepatitis B virus-infected mothers.

There is still controversy about whether to continue antiviral therapy (AVT) after delivery, especially for pregnant women in the immune tolerance (IT) phase. In this study, a retrospective cohort study was conducted to explore the relationship between hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) decline rate (%) from mid-pregnancy to delivery and HBeAg seroconversion postpartum among patients using nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), with the goal of identifying the ideal candidates for postpartum AVT continuation. This retrospective cohort study included 151 postpartum women.

The Strategies Used to Balance Health and Work Across the Solid Organ Transplantation Trajectory.

Workers who undergo solid organ transplantation report frequent conflicts between the unpredictable demands of their health condition and the rigid requirements of their employer and of health services. The present study aimed to describe the self-management strategies adopted by workers while staying at work before transplantation and during sustainable return-to-work posttransplantation. Fifteen employed kidney, liver, and lung transplant recipients were recruited from 2 large urban university health centers in Montreal, Canada.

Treatment response and clinical event-free survival in autoimmune hepatitis: A Canadian multicentre cohort study.

Background & Aims: Treatment outcomes for people living with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are limited by a lack of specific therapies, as well as limited well-validated prognostic tools and clinical trial endpoints. We sought to identify predictors of outcome for people living with AIH.

Methods: We evaluated the clinical course of people with AIH across 11 Canadian centres.

Bilateral effect of acupuncture on cerebrum and cerebellum in ischaemic stroke patients with hemiparesis: a randomised clinical and neuroimaging trial.

Background: Acupuncture involving the limb region may be effective for stroke rehabilitation clinically, but the visualised and explanatory evidence is limited. Our objectives were to assess the specific effects of acupuncture for ischaemic stroke (IS) patients with hemiparesis and investigate its therapy-driven modification in functional connectivity.

Methods: IS patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive 10 sessions of hand-foot 12 needles acupuncture (HA, n=30) or non-acupoint (NA) acupuncture (n=16), enrolling gender-matched and age-matched healthy controls (HCs, n=34).

E3 ligases MAC3A and MAC3B ubiquitinate UBIQUITIN-SPECIFIC PROTEASE14 to regulate organ size in Arabidopsis.

The molecular mechanisms controlling organ size during plant development ultimately influence crop yield. However, a deep understanding of these mechanisms is still lacking. UBIQUITIN-SPECIFIC PROTEASE14 (UBP14), encoded by DA3, is an essential factor determining organ size in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).

Case report: a case report and literature analysis on intestinal tuberculosis intestinal perforation complicated by umbilical intestinal fistula and bladder ileal fistula.

Background: Intestinal tuberculosis is a chronic and specific infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis invading the intestine. Due to the nonspecific clinical presentation, it is stressed that intestinal perforation complicates umbilical intestinal fistula and bladder ileal fistula is very rare and extremely difficult to be diagnosed. It is significant to identify the disease and take urgent intervene in the early stage.

Early application of metagenomics next-generation sequencing may significantly reduce unnecessary consumption of antibiotics in patients with fever of unknown origin.

Background: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a novel nucleic acid method for the detection of unknown and difficult pathogenic microorganisms, and its application in the etiological diagnosis of fever of unknown origin (FUO) is less reported. We aimed to comprehensively assess the value of mNGS in the etiologic diagnosis of FUO by the pathogen spectrum and diagnostic performance, and to investigate whether it is different in the time to diagnosis, length of hospitalization, antibiotic consumption and cost between FUO patients with and without early application of mNGS.

Methods: A total of 149 FUO inpatients underwent both mNGS and routine pathogen detection was retrospectively analyzed.

Retraction notice to "Study on the quality formation mechanism of Zao chili with enhanced fermentation by 5-1" [Food Chemistry: X 17 (2023) 100626].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.

Patients without Increased Lymphocyte Counts and Decreased CT Scores During the Early 2nd Week of Illness Onset may Develop to Severe COVID-19.

Background: Lymphopenia and high CT score is associated with COVID-19 severity. Herein we describe the change pattern in lymphocyte count and CT score during hospitalization and explore a possible association with the severity of COVID-19.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 13 non-severe COVID-19 patients diagnosed at admission were enrolled.

A High Viral Load in Urine Correlates With Acute Kidney Injury and Poor Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients With Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: A Noninvasive and Convenient Prognostic Marker.

Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease with an extensive geographical distribution and high mortality rate. To date, the role of SFTS virus (SFTSV) in urine is still elusive. We aimed to explore the relationship between urinary bunyavirus and acute kidney injury (AKI) and mortality in patients with SFTS.

Study on the quality formation mechanism of Zao chili with enhanced fermentation by 5-1.

Zao Chili (ZC) is a traditional fermented pepper, which plays an important role in Chinese cooking. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of 5-1 on the physicochemical properties, metabolite and microbiota profiling of ZC. The physicochemical factors changed regularly with the fermentation time.