Assessment of bovine milk exosome preparation and lyophilized powder stability.

Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles that play a crucial role in intercellular communication, presenting promising potential as biomarkers and therapeutic agents. Bovine milk exosomes (MK-Exo) show production scalability and cost-effectiveness, offering distinct advantages over cell-derived exosomes. However, exosome storage and transportation are challenging owing to their unstable nature, necessitating preservation at ultralow temperatures.

Exosome-drug conjugates delivery: a promising strategy for ameliorating the pharmacokinetic profile of artesunate.

Artesunate (ATS) is considered the most widely employed artemisnin derivative in the treatment of malaria. However, poor solubility and low bioavailability of ATS limit its further clinical application. Herein, we developed a new strategy based on the exosome (exo) - drug conjugation (EDC) using the milk-derived exosomes for ATS delivery.

Design and synthesis of matrine derivatives for anti myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by promoting angiogenesis.

Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) is a common cardiovascular disease that seriously affects the quality of life and prognosis of patients. In recent years, matrine has attracted widespread attention in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This study designed, synthesized, and characterized 20 new matrine derivatives and studied their protective effects on ischemia-reperfusion injury through in vivo and in vitro experiments.

Mesenchymal stem cells derived from CHIR99021 and TGF‑β induction remained on the colicomentum and improved cardiac function of a rat model of acute myocardium infarction.

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been regarded as a potential stem cell source for cell therapy. However, the production of cells with mesenchymal potential from hiPSCs through spontaneous differentiation is time consuming and laborious. In the present study, the combined use of the GSK-3 inhibitor CHIR99021 and TGF-β was used to obtain mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like cells from hiPSCs.

Identifying IDH-mutant and 1p/19q noncodeleted astrocytomas from nonenhancing gliomas: Manual recognition followed by artificial intelligence recognition.

Background: The T2-FLAIR mismatch sign (T2FM) has nearly 100% specificity for predicting IDH-mutant and 1p/19q noncodeleted astrocytomas (astrocytomas). However, only 18.2%-56.

Mechanism of action of vinegared Cornu Cervi Degelatinatum in suppressing spleen kidney yang deficient ulcerative colitis through NCK2-JNK pathway.

Unlabelled: As a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Cornu Cervi Degelatinatum (CCD) has the effect of warming the kidney to support yang, astringing, and stopping bleeding, and is used for spleen kidney yang deficient (SKYD). This experiment was to investigate the therapeutic effects of different processes of CCD on SKYD type ulcerative colitis (UC) rats and to explore its impact on the intestinal flora of rats.

Methods: ELISA was used to study the anti-inflammatory activity of Cornu Cervi Degelatinatum processed with water (WCCD) and Cornu Cervi Degelatinatum processed with vinegar (VCCD).

Comparative studies on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of vinegar-processed antler glue modified from Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun and traditional water-processed antler glue.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Antler glue is a classic medicinal to enhance sexual function in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which was first recorded in Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (Shennong's Classic of the Materia Medica). Vinegar-processing is a classic method of processing traditional Chinese medicine. The method of preparing antler glue by boiling antlers in vinegar and then concentrating them is recorded in Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun (Master Lei's Discourse on Medicinal Processing).

Distinguishing Tumor Cell Infiltration and Vasogenic Edema in the Peritumoral Region of Glioblastoma at the Voxel Level via Conventional MRI Sequences.

Rationale And Objectives: The peritumoral region of glioblastoma (GBM) is composed of infiltrating tumor cells and vasogenic edema, which are difficult to distinguish manually on MRI. To distinguish tumor cell infiltration and vasogenic edema in GBM peritumoral regions, it is crucial to develop a method that is precise, effective, and widely applicable.

Materials And Methods: We retrieved the image characteristics of 379,730 voxels (marker of tumor infiltration) from 28 non-enhanced gliomas and 365,262 voxels (marker of edema) from the peritumoral edema region of 14 meningiomas on conventional MRI sequences (T1-weighted image, the contrast-enhancing T1-weighted image, the T2-weighted image, the T2-fluid attenuated inversion recovery image, and the apparent diffusion coefficient map).

Characteristics of Microstructural Changes Associated with Glioma Related Epilepsy: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Study.

(1) Background: Glioma is the most common primary tumor in the central nervous system, and glioma-related epilepsy (GRE) is one of its common symptoms. The abnormalities of white matter fiber tracts are involved in attributing changes in patients with epilepsy (Rudà, R, 2012).This study aimed to assess frontal lobe gliomas' effects on the cerebral white matter fiber tracts.

Image-Based Differentiation of Intracranial Metastasis From Glioblastoma Using Automated Machine Learning.

Purpose: The majority of solitary brain metastases appear similar to glioblastomas (GBMs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study aimed to develop and validate an MRI-based model to differentiate intracranial metastases from GBMs using automated machine learning.

Materials And Methods: Radiomics features from 354 patients with brain metastases and 354 with GBMs were used to build prediction algorithms based on T2-weighted images, contrast-enhanced (CE) T1-weighted images, or both.

Development and validation of a novel survival prediction model for newly diagnosed lower-grade gliomas.

Objective: Diffuse gliomas are the most common primary gliomas with a poor prognosis. This study aimed to develop and validate prognostic models for predicting the survival probability in newly diagnosed lower-grade glioma (LGG) patients.

Methods: Detailed data were obtained for newly diagnosed LGG from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) cohorts.

Management of central nervous system Rosai-Dorfman disease: A single center treatment experience.

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is an idiopathic histiocytic proliferation disease with various clinical manifestations. A retrospective study of patients with pathological diagnosed RDD primarily involved in the central nervous system was conducted from January 2011 to December 2020 at a tertiary center. The clinical profile, imaging, and treatment data were collected.

Ischemic Infarction of Pituitary Apoplexy: A Retrospective Study of 46 Cases From a Single Tertiary Center.

Objective: Ischemic infarction of pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare type of pituitary apoplexy. This study aims to characterize ischemic PA via clinical presentations, imaging data, histopathological manifestations, and focus on the management and prognosis of the disease.

Methods: This study retrospectively identified 46 patients with ischemic PA confirmed using histopathology at a single institution from January 2013 to December 2020.

Acupuncture Reduces the Risk of Dysphagia in Stroke Patients: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study.

Post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) affects the quality of life in stroke patients, impairs their rehabilitation ability, and causes other complications following stroke. Currently, there is currently some understanding of PSD risk factors, but its protective factors remain largely unknown. To analyze the effects of acupuncture (AP) on dysphagia in stroke patients and explore its potential as a preventive therapy.

Characterization, Classification, and Authentication of Samples by Volatile Profiles and Flavor Properties.

The importance of monitoring key aroma compounds as food characteristics to solve sample classification and authentication is increasing. The rhizome of (PR, Huangjing in Chinese) has great potential to serve as an ingredient of functional foods owing to its tonic effect and flavor properties. In this study, we aimed to characterize and classify PR samples obtained from different processing levels through their volatile profiles and flavor properties by using electronic nose, electronic tongue, and headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

The utility of intraoperative ECoG in tumor-related epilepsy: Systematic review.

Object: Epilepsy is one of the most common clinical manifestations of primary brain tumors. Intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) has been widely used in tumor resection. We aim to describe the indication and utility of ECoG during brain tumor surgery.

MicroRNA-18a-5p represses scar fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition through regulating Smad2 expression.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and role of microRNA-18a-5p (miR-18a-5p) during the formation of hypertrophic scar (HS), and to further explore the molecular mechanisms involved. Downregulation of miR-18a-5p in HS tissues and human HS fibroblasts (hHSFs) was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The binding sites between miR-18a-5p and the 3'-untranslated region of SMAD family member 2 (Smad2) were predicted by TargetScan and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay.

What makes people install a COVID-19 contact-tracing app? Understanding the influence of app design and individual difference on contact-tracing app adoption intention.

Smartphone-based contact-tracing apps are a promising solution to help scale up the conventional contact-tracing process. However, low adoption rates have become a major issue that prevents these apps from achieving their full potential. In this paper, we present a national-scale survey experiment ( ) in the U.

Preoperative Radiomics Analysis of 1p/19q Status in WHO Grade II Gliomas.

Purpose: The present study aimed to preoperatively predict the status of 1p/19q based on radiomics analysis in patients with World Health Organization (WHO) grade II gliomas.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 157 patients with WHO grade II gliomas (76 patients with astrocytomas with mutant IDH, 16 patients with astrocytomas with wild-type IDH, and 65 patients with oligodendrogliomas with mutant IDH and 1p/19q codeletion). Radiomic features were extracted from magnetic resonance images, including T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and contrast T1-weighted images.

Radiomics Features Predict Promoter Mutations in World Health Organization Grade II Gliomas a Machine-Learning Approach.

The detection of mutations in telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (p) is important since preoperative diagnosis of p status helps with evaluating prognosis and determining the surgical strategy. Here, we aimed to establish a radiomics-based machine-learning algorithm and evaluated its performance with regard to the prediction of mutations in p in patients with World Health Organization (WHO) grade II gliomas. In total, 164 patients with WHO grade II gliomas were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Aspirin Reduces Cardiac Interstitial Fibrosis by Inhibiting Erk1/2-Serpine2 and P-Akt Signalling Pathways.

Background/aims: Cardiac interstitial fibrosis is an abnormality of various cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, hypertrophy, and atrial fibrillation, and it can ultimately lead to heart failure. However, there is a lack of practical therapeutic approaches to treat fibrosis and reverse the damage to the heart. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term aspirin administration on pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis in mice and reveal the underlying mechanisms of aspirin treatment.

Overexpression of SerpinE2/protease nexin-1 Contribute to Pathological Cardiac Fibrosis via increasing Collagen Deposition.

Although increases in cardiovascular load (pressure overload) are known to elicit ventricular remodeling including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis, the molecular mechanisms of pressure overload or AngII -induced cardiac interstitial fibrosis remain elusive. In this study, serpinE2/protease nexin-1 was over-expressed in a cardiac fibrosis model induced by pressure-overloaded via transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mouse. Knockdown of serpinE2 attenuates cardiac fibrosis in a mouse model of TAC.

Acetyl salicylic acid attenuates cardiac hypertrophy through Wnt signaling.

Ventricular hypertrophy is a powerful and independent predictor of cardiovascular morbid events. The vascular properties of low-dose acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin) provide cardiovascular benefits through the irreversible inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase 1; however, the possible anti-hypertrophic properties and potential mechanism of aspirin have not been investigated in detail. In this study, healthy wild-type male mice were randomly divided into three groups and subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham operation.

[Restoration of partial penile defect by scrotal skin flap in combination with penile lengthening].

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of a scrotal skin flap in combination with penile lengthening for repairing penile defects.

Methods: From 1999 to 2008, 7 cases (19 to 42 years old) of penile defects were treated by scrotal skin flap in combination with penile lengthening. The average preoperative length of stubbed penis was 2.