Objectives: Early disease activity control with targeted therapies may improve long-term outcomes in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Here, we evaluated the efficacy of upadacitinib in patients with axSpA with shorter versus longer symptom durations.
Methods: SELECT-AXIS 1 and 2 studies enrolled patients with radiographic axSpA (r-axSpA) and non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA) naïve to biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD-naïve) and with an intolerance or inadequate response to bDMARD therapy.
CD146 plays a key role in cancer progression and metastasis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor initiation, drug resistance, metastasis, and recurrence. In this study, we explored the role of CD146 in the regulation of liver CSCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Portal vein system thrombosis (PVST) is a frequent and possibly fatal concurrent disorder following splenectomy. The optimal anticoagulant to prevent PVST following splenectomy remains unclear.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of apixaban versus aspirin in preventing PVST after laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) for cirrhotic hypersplenism.
Patients suffering from chronic stress develop numerous symptoms, including emotional and cognitive deficits. The precise circuit mechanisms underlying different symptoms remain poorly understood. We identified two distinct basal forebrain cholinergic subpopulations in mice projecting to the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) or ventral hippocampus (vHPC), which exhibited distinct input organizations, electrophysiological characteristics, transcriptomics, and responses to positive and negative valences of stimuli and were critical for cognitive and emotional modulation, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch (Wash D C)
October 2024
Psychedelics have long been recognized not only for their profound impact on human consciousness but also for their potential therapeutic applications. This perspective explores the multifaceted relationship between psychedelics and consciousness, emphasizing their capacity to alter sensory perceptions, disrupt self-referential thought processes, and catalyze profound spiritual and existential experiences. As research advances, psychedelics are being integrated into therapeutic settings, challenging existing psychiatric models and offering new insights into the complex nature of consciousness and mental health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
November 2024
Lysosomes are important cellular structures for human health as centers for recycling, signaling, metabolism and stress adaptation. However, the potential role of lysosomes in stress-related emotions has long been overlooked. Here, it is found that lysosomal morphology in astrocytes is altered in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of susceptible mice after chronic social defeat stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
August 2024
Recent years have witnessed increasing attempts to track trade flows of critical materials across world regions and along the life cycle for renewable energy and the low carbon transition. Previous studies often had limited spatiotemporal coverage, excluded end-use products, and modeled different life cycle stages as single-layer networks. Here, we integrated material flow analysis and complex network analysis into a multilayer framework to characterize the spatiotemporal and multilayer trade network patterns of the global cobalt cycle from 1988 to 2020.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(), a common opportunistic pathogen, is highly prone to chronic infection and is almost impossible to eradicate, especially attributed to virulence factors and adaptive mutations. In the present study, pseudomonas effector candidate 1 (Pec 1), a novel virulence factor of , was investigated, which inhibited bacterial clearance by the host and aggravated lung injury. Further, it demonstrated that Pec 1 inhibited miR-155 via suppressing integrin β3 expression, thereby activating PI3K-AKT-mTOR and inhibiting autophagy in macrophages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnxiety-related disorders respond to cognitive behavioral therapies, which involved the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Previous studies have suggested that subregions of the mPFC have different and even opposite roles in regulating innate anxiety. However, the specific causal targets of their descending projections in modulating innate anxiety and stress-induced anxiety have yet to be fully elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPretreatment, the initial step in recycling spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), efficiently separates cathode and anode materials to facilitate key element recovery. Despite brief introductions in existing research, a comprehensive evaluation and comparison of processing methods is lacking. This study reviews 346 references on LIBs recycling, analyzing pretreatment stages, treatment conditions, and method effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenetic mechanisms bridge genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of major depression disorder (MDD). However, the cellular specificity and sensitivity of environmental stress on brain epitranscriptomics and its impact on depression remain unclear. Here, we found that ALKBH5, an RNA demethylase of N6-methyladenosine (m6A), was increased in MDD patients' blood and depression models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuronal activity is the basis of information encoding and processing in the brain. During neuronal activation, intracellular ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is generated to meet the high-energy demands. Simultaneously, ATP is secreted, increasing the extracellular ATP concentration and acting as a homeostatic messenger that mediates cell-cell communication to prevent aberrant hyperexcitability of the nervous system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been widely applied in neuroscience research, enabling the investigation of cellular heterogeneity at the transcriptional level, the characterization of rare cell types, and the detailed analysis of the stochastic nature of gene expression. Isolation of single nerve cells in good health, especially from the adult rodent brain, is the most difficult and critical process for scRNA-seq. Here, we describe methods to optimize protease digestion of brain slices, which enable yield of millions of cells in good health from the adult brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigating eco-hydrology in desert grasslands is pivotal to comprehend the dynamic evolution patterns of vegetation. Nonetheless, a research void persists in understanding the eco-hydrological mutual feedback mechanisms associated with hydrological connectivity and the corresponding health index evaluation of a small watershed. This study is centered on the Shangdong River watershed in Inner Mongolia and uses SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) to simulate hydrological processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Pharm Sin B
February 2024
Studies have suggested that the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is implicated in the pathophysiology of major depression; however, the regulatory strategy that targets the NAc to achieve an exclusive and outstanding anti-depression benefit has not been elucidated. Here, we identified a specific reduction of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the subset of dopamine D1 receptor medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) in the NAc that promoted stress susceptibility, while the stimulation of cAMP production in NAc D1-MSNs efficiently rescued depression-like behaviors. Ketamine treatment enhanced cAMP both in D1-MSNs and dopamine D2 receptor medium spiny neurons (D2-MSNs) of depressed mice, however, the rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine solely depended on elevating cAMP in NAc D1-MSNs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Although laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection (LSD) can significantly decrease portal vein pressure and even the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension (CPH), postoperative HCC inevitably occurs in certain patients. The purpose of this study was to seek a novel preoperative non-invasive predictive indicator to predict the occurrence of postoperative HCC.
Patients And Methods: From April 2012 to April 2022, we collected clinical data of 178 hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related CPH patients.