The whole-genome dissection of root system architecture provides new insights for the genetic improvement of alfalfa ( L.).

Appropriate root system architecture (RSA) can improve alfalfa yield, yet its genetic basis remains largely unexplored. This study evaluated six RSA traits in 171 alfalfa genotypes grown under controlled greenhouse conditions. We also analyzed five yield-related traits in normal and drought stress environments and found a significant correlation (0.

Enhances the Tolerance of PEG-Simulated Drought Stress by Boosting Antioxidant Capacity in L.

Drought is a major abiotic stress that limits the growth and yield of alfalfa, a vital forage legume. The plant metalloproteinase Filamentation temperature-sensitive H (FtsH) is an ATP- and Zn-dependent enzyme that plays a significant character in the plant's response to environmental stress. However, its functional role in drought resistance remains largely unexplored.

A genome-wide association study reveals novel loci and candidate genes associated with plant height variation in Medicago sativa.

Background: Plant height (PH) is an important agronomic trait influenced by a complex genetic network. However, the genetic basis for the variation in PH in Medicago sativa remains largely unknown. In this study, a comprehensive genome-wide association analysis was performed to identify genomic regions associated with PH using a diverse panel of 220 accessions of M.

Sudden cardiac arrest during endovascular embolization of carotid artery aneurysm: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Endovascular embolization has been widely applied in carotid artery aneurysm due to less trauma and simpler procedures than open surgery. Sudden cardiac arrest is a rare event that may cause severe consequences during endovascular embolization. Risk factors of perioperative cardiac arrest include cardiac surgery, younger age, comorbid conditions, and emergency surgery.

FtsH proteases confer protection against salt and oxidative stress in Medicago sativa L.

Plant filamentation temperature-sensitive H (FtsH) proteins are ATP-dependent zinc proteases that play an important role in regulating abiotic stress adaptions. Here we explore their potential role in abiotic stress tolerance in alfalfa, an important legume crop. Genomic analysis revealed seventeen MsFtsH genes in five clusters, which generally featured conserved domains and gene structures.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals that methyl jasmonate confers salt tolerance in alfalfa by regulating antioxidant activity and ion homeostasis.

Introduction: Alfalfa, a globally cultivated forage crop, faces significant challenges due to its vulnerability to salt stress. Jasmonates (JAs) play a pivotal role in modulating both plant growth and response to stressors.

Methods: In this study, alfalfa plants were subjected to 150 mM NaCl with or without methyl jasmonate (MeJA).

Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis identifies candidate genes involved in jasmonic acid-mediated salt tolerance of alfalfa.

Soil salinity imposes a major threat to plant growth and agricultural productivity. Despite being one of the most common fodder crops in saline locations, alfalfa is vulnerable to salt stress. Jasmonic acid (JA) is a phytohormone that influences plant response to abiotic stimuli such as salt stress.

Exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are a potential treatment for ischemic stroke.

Exosomes derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo) are characterized by easy expansion and storage, low risk of tumor formation, low immunogenicity, and anti-inflammatory effects. The therapeutic effects of MSC-Exo on ischemic stroke have been widely explored. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Transcriptome and GWAS Analyses Reveal Candidate Gene for Root Traits of Alfalfa during Germination under Salt Stress.

Alfalfa growth and production in China are negatively impacted by high salt concentrations in soils, especially in regions with limited water supplies. Few reliable genetic markers are currently available for salt tolerance selection. As a result, molecular breeding strategies targeting alfalfa are hindered.

Case report: Gene mutation analysis and skin imaging of isolated café-au-lait macules.

Café-au-lait macules (CALMs) are common birthmarks associated with several genetic syndromes, such as neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Isolated CALMs are defined as multiple café-au-lait macules in patients without any other sign of NF1. Typical CALMs can have predictive significance for NF1, and non-invasive techniques can provide more accurate results for judging whether café-au-lait spots are typical.

Overexpression of the elongation factor MtEF1A1 promotes salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula.

Background: Elongation factor 1 A (EF1A), an essential regulator for protein synthesis, has been reported to participate in abiotic stress responses and environmental adaption in plants. However, the role of EF1A in abiotic stress response was barely studied in Medicago truncatula. Here, we identified elongation factor (EF) genes of M.

Transition metal-doped germanium oxide nanozyme with enhanced enzyme-like activity for rapid detection of pesticide residues in water samples.

Designing highly active nanozymes for bioanalysis and environmental sensing remains a challenge. In this study, transition metal, palladium (Pd) and iron (Fe), doped germanium oxide (GeO) nanozyme was designed and optimized. Compared with the pristine GeO nanozyme, the transition metal doped GeO nanozyme have lower Michaelis-Menten constants and higher catalytic activity, indicating that the Pd and Fe doped GeO nanozyme not only enhance their affinity for the substrate but also improve its catalytic activity.

Efficient and recyclable degradation of organic dye pollutants by CeO@ZIF-8 nanozyme-based non-photocatalytic system.

Advanced oxidation processes-based catalysis system as the most typical pollutant degradation technology always suffer from poor durability and photo-dependent. Inspired by the fact that some nanomaterials exhibit catalytic properties closer to natural enzymes, a high peroxidase-like activity and stability CeO@ZIF-8 nanozyme was synthesized in this study for non-photodegradation of dyes pollution. Multiple characterization techniques were applied to prove the successful synthesis of the nanozyme.

Identification of QTL and candidate genes associated with biomass yield and Feed Quality in response to water deficit in alfalfa ( L.) using linkage mapping and RNA-Seq.

Biomass yield and Feed Quality are the most important traits in alfalfa ( L.), which directly affect its economic value. Drought stress is one of the main limiting factors affecting alfalfa production worldwide.

Combining QTL mapping and RNA-Seq Unravels candidate genes for Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) leaf development.

Background: Leaf size affects crop canopy morphology and photosynthetic efficiency, which can influence forage yield and quality. It is of great significance to mine the key genes controlling leaf development for breeding new alfalfa varieties. In this study, we mapped leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW), and leaf area (LA) in an F1 mapping population derived from a cultivar named ZhongmuNo.

A Genome-Wide Association Study Coupled With a Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Genetic Loci and Candidate Genes Governing the Flowering Time in Alfalfa ( L.).

The transition to flowering at the right time is very important for adapting to local conditions and maximizing alfalfa yield. However, the understanding of the genetic basis of the alfalfa flowering time remains limited. There are few reliable genes or markers for selection, which hinders progress in genetic research and molecular breeding of this trait in alfalfa.

In silico genome wide identification and expression analysis of the WUSCHEL-related homeobox gene family in Medicago sativa.

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is an important food and feed crop which rich in mineral sources. The WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) gene family plays important roles in plant development and identification of putative gene families, their structure, and potential functions is a primary step for not only understanding the genetic mechanisms behind various biological process but also for genetic improvement. A variety of computational tools, including MAFFT, HMMER, hidden Markov models, Pfam, SMART, MEGA, ProtTest, BLASTn, and BRAD, among others, were used.

RAD-Seq-Based High-Density Linkage Maps Construction and Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Flowering Time Trait in Alfalfa ( L.).

Alfalfa ( L.) is a perennial forage crop known as the "Queen of Forages." To dissect the genetic mechanism of flowering time (FT) in alfalfa, high-density linkage maps were constructed for both parents of an F1 mapping population derived from a cross between Cangzhou (P1) and ZhongmuNO.

Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 34 (GADD34) contributes to cerebral ischemic injury and can be detected in plasma exosomes.

Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 34 (GADD34), one of the key effectors of negative feedback loops, is induced by stress and subsequently attempts to restore homeostasis. It plays a critical role in response to DNA damage and endoplasmic reticulum stress. GADD34 has opposing effects on different stimulus-induced cell apoptosis events in many nervous system diseases, but its role in ischemic stroke is unclear.

Identification of Genetic Loci Associated With Crude Protein Content and Fiber Composition in Alfalfa ( L.) Using QTL Mapping.

Forage quality determined mainly by protein content and fiber composition has a crucial influence on digestibility and nutrition intake for animal feeding. To explore the genetic basis of quality traits, we conducted QTL mapping based on the phenotypic data of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and lignin of an F alfalfa population generated by crossing of two alfalfa parents with significant difference in quality. In total, 83 QTLs were identified with contribution to the phenotypic variation (PVE) ranging from 1.

β-1, 3-galactosyltransferase 2 ameliorates focal ischemic cerebral injury by maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage at the early stage of ischemic stroke is a vital cause of brain parenchymal injury. The mechanism of BBB disruption has been intensively investigated, but still not fully understood. β-1, 3-galactosyltransferase 2 (B3galt2) is expressed in the brain, but its role in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia remains unknown.

β-1, 3-galactosyltransferase 2 deficiency exacerbates brain injury after transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice.

Glycosyltransferases are enzymes that catalyze the formation of a variety of glycoconjugates. Glycoconjugates play vital roles in the nervous system. β-1, 3-Galactosyltransferase 2 (B3galt2) is one of the major types of glycosyltransferases, which has not been reported in ischemia induced-brain injury.

Removal of Cr(VI) and methyl orange by activated carbon fiber supported nanoscale zero-valent iron in a continuous fixed bed column.

The application of activated carbon fiber supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (ACF-nZVI) in the continuous removal of Cr(VI) and methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solution was studied in depth. The breakthrough curves of Cr(VI) in a fixed bed with ACF-nZVI were measured, and compared with those in the fixed bed with ACF. The catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) process for MO was also carried out using ACF-nZVI after reacting with Cr(VI) in the same fixed bed.

MicroRNA-30a regulates acute cerebral ischemia-induced blood-brain barrier damage through ZnT4/zinc pathway.

The mechanism of early blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption after stroke has been intensively studied but still not fully understood. Here, we report that microRNA-30a (miR-30a) could mediate BBB damage using both cellular and animal models of ischemic stroke. In the experiments in vitro, inhibition of miR-30a decreased BBB permeability, prevented the degradation of tight junction proteins, and reduced intracellular free zinc in endothelial cells.