Role of the circRNA_34414/miR-6960a-5p/SIRT3 axis in postoperative delirium via CA1 Vglut1+ neurons in older mice.

Aims: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common neurological complication in elderly patients after anesthesia/surgery. The main purpose of this study is to explore the effect of circRNA-targeted miRNA regulating SIRT3 on mitochondrial function through ceRNA mechanism under the surgical model of tibial fracture and to further explore the potential mechanism of postoperative delirium mediated by circRNA, so as to provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and prevention of POD.

Methods: The surgical model of tibial fracture under sevoflurane anesthesia caused acute delirium-like behavior in elderly mice.

Metabolomic Analysis in Saliva and Different Brain Regions of Older Mice with Postoperative Delirium Behaviors.

Objective: Postoperative delirium (POD) has become a critical challenge with severe consequences and increased incidences as the global population ages. However, the underlying mechanism is yet unknown. Our study aimed to explore the changes in metabolites in three specific brain regions and saliva of older mice with postoperative delirium behavior and to identify potential non-invasive biomarkers.

Effect of individualized positive end-expiratory pressure based on electrical impedance tomography guidance on pulmonary ventilation distribution in patients who receive abdominal thermal perfusion chemotherapy.

Background: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has been shown to be useful in guiding individual positive end-expiratory pressure titration for patients with mechanical ventilation. However, the appropriate positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level and whether the individualized PEEP needs to be adjusted during long-term surgery (>6 h) were unknown. Meanwhile, the effect of individualized PEEP on the distribution of pulmonary ventilation in patients who receive abdominal thermoperfusion chemotherapy is unknown.

Dexmedetomidine Promotes Angiogenesis and Vasculogenic Mimicry in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma through α -AR/HIF-1α/VEGFA Pathway.

Objective: Dexmedetomidine (DEX), the most specific α -adrenergic receptor agonist widely used for its sedative and analgesic properties, has been reported to upregulate HIF-1α expression to protect hypoxic and ischemic tissues. However, it is largely unclear whether DEX can also upregulate Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) expression and its downstream vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) in cancer tissues with oxygen-deficient tumor microenvironment.

Methods: We used SMMC-7721 cells, MHCC97-H cells, and a mouse model of orthotopic hepatic carcinoma to explore the effect of DEX on angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and its mechanism.

Morphine pretreatment protects against cerebral ischemic injury via a cPKCγ-mediated anti-apoptosis pathway.

It has been reported that morphine pretreatment (MP) can exert neuroprotective effects, and that protein kinase C (PKC) participates in the initiation and development of ischemic/hypoxic preconditioning in the brain. However, it remains unknown whether PKC is involved in MP-induced neuroprotection. The aim of the present study, which included and experiments, was to determine whether the conventional γ isoform of PKC (cPKCγ) was involved in the protective effects of MP against cerebral ischemic injury.

Repeated propofol exposure-induced neuronal damage and cognitive impairment in aged rats by activation of NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome.

Background: Elderly patients receive propofol at regular intervals for sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy. However, the link between cognition and intermittent propofol exposure remains unclear. Thus, we used aged rats to investigate the effect of propofol on cognition.

Fisetin Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via TLR4-Mediated NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Rats.

Acute lung injury (ALI), a common component of systemic inflammatory disease, is a life-threatening condition without many effective treatments. Fisetin, a natural flavonoid from fruits and vegetables, was reported to have wide pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. The aim of this study was to detect the effects of fisetin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury and investigate the potential mechanism.

Daidzein attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via toll-like receptor 4/NF-kappaB pathway.

Daidzein, a diphenolic isoflavone from many plants and herbs, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of daidzein on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury have not been determined. The aim of this study was to detect the effects of daidzein on LPS-induced acute lung injury and investigate the molecular mechanisms.

[The evaluation of Apneic anesthesia with intermittent ventilation for juvenile-onset recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis].

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of Apneic anesthesia with intermittent ventilation (AAIV) during laryngeal papillomatosis removal in children.

Methods: The clinical data of 30 patients with laryngeal papillomatosis treated in the Tong Ren Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences, between 10 - 12 2011 were analyzed. Thirty ASA physical status I or II patients who were scheduled for elective surgery.

[Effects of intraoperative application of radical scavenger edaravone in severe elderly cases].

Objective: To observe the effects of intraoperative application of radical scavenger edaravone in severe elderly cases.

Methods: A total of 400 severe elderly patients scheduled for surgery were randomly assigned to receive edaravone 60 mg/40 ml (Group Y) or an equal volume of normal saline (Group C). The arterial blood samples were harvested at immediately after pricking, 1 hour after the beginning of surgery and before saturation to determine the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA).

[Effects of cPKCβII/γ membrane translocation ischemic/hypoxic tolerance induced by morphine postconditioning in hippocampal slices].

Objective: To determine whether or not morphine postconditioning can induce ischemic/hypoxic tolerance in neurons subjected to reperfusion injury after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD).

Methods: Hippocampal slices of 400 µm thickness were prepared from healthy adult male BALB/c mice. The slices were incubated in oxygen-saturated ACSF without or with calcium, then were subjected to OGD for 20 min.

Shikani™ Seeing Optical Stylet-aided tracheal intubation in patients with a large epiglottic cyst.

Large epiglottic cysts can block the glottis, leading to serious consequences. This condition presents a challenge in terms of airway management for anesthesiologists during induction of anesthesia. We report the use of a Shikani™ Seeing Optical Stylet combined with a Macintosh laryngoscope to aid tracheal intubation in seven patients with large epiglottic cysts.

[Premedication with oral midazolam in children receive sevoflurane general anesthesia].

Objective: To investigate the effect of oral midazolam on sedation, on perioperative emotion and on behavior in children with sevoflurane general anesthesia.

Methods: 48 children undergoing cataract surgeries were randomly divided into two groups and respectively received 0.5 mg/kg oral midazolam (Group I)and placebo (Group II) 30 minutes before the operation.

[Evaluation of retropalatal mechanical loads in patients with obstructive sleep apnea].

Objective: To evaluate the mechanical load of retropalatal airway in obstructive sleep apnea patients, and to investigate the contributions of pharyngeal anatomy to upper airway collapsibility.

Methods: Static mechanical load of transpalatal pharynx was determined by opening pressure (Popen) of the segment during general anesthesia in 30 patients and 14 controls. Size of pharynx was measured while intraluminal pressure was controlled at 3-20 cm H2O (1 cm H2O = 0.