Electrons dynamics control by shaping femtosecond laser pulses in micro/nanofabrication: modeling, method, measurement and application.

During femtosecond laser fabrication, photons are mainly absorbed by electrons, and the subsequent energy transfer from electrons to ions is of picosecond order. Hence, lattice motion is negligible within the femtosecond pulse duration, whereas femtosecond photon-electron interactions dominate the entire fabrication process. Therefore, femtosecond laser fabrication must be improved by controlling localized transient electron dynamics, which poses a challenge for measuring and controlling at the electron level during fabrication processes.

[Study the effects of flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae on gene level of rats without ovaries by technology of cDNA array].

Objective: To study the effects of flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae on gene level of rats without ovaries (OP) by technology of cDNA array.

Method: The models of rats without ovaries were made After. 24 weeks of treatment, put them to death and sampled 6 ml blood from the abdominal aorta and 4cm spinal cord.