Circulating Tumor DNA in Conjunctival Melanoma: Landscape and Surveillance Value.

Purpose: To evaluate the surveillance value of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for detecting distant metastasis and indicating systemic therapeutic efficacy in conjunctival melanoma (CoM).

Design: Retrospective, observational case series.

Methods: From July 2021 to June 2023, 30 CoM patients in our center underwent plasma ctDNA assessment, out of which 12 individuals presented with distant metastases.

Single-cell sequencing depicts tumor architecture and empowers clinical decision in metastatic conjunctival melanoma.

Conjunctival melanoma (CoM) is a potentially devastating tumor that can lead to distant metastasis. Despite various therapeutic strategies for distant metastatic CoM, the clinical outcomes remain unfavorable. Herein, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of 47,017 cells obtained from normal conjunctival samples (n = 3) and conjunctival melanomas (n = 7).

Safety and efficacy of anlotinib combined with taxane and lobaplatin in neoadjuvant treatment of clinical stage II/III triple-negative breast cancer in China (the neoALTAL trial): a single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: Anlotinib is a new type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1/2/3, platelet-derived growth factor receptors α/β, and fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4 and c-Kit, with a broad spectrum of inhibitory effects on tumor angiogenesis and growth. It has been proven effective in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, but its efficacy in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unknown. This phase 2 study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding anlotinib to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with TNBC.

High-throughput discovery of highly selective reversible hMAO-B inhibitors based on at-line nanofractionation.

Human monoamine oxidase B (hMAO-B) has emerged as a pivotal therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease. Due to adverse effects and shortage of commercial drugs, there is a need for novel, highly selective, and reversible hMAO-B inhibitors with good blood-brain barrier permeability. In this study, a high-throughput at-line nanofractionation screening platform was established with extracts from Chuanxiong Rhizoma, which resulted in the discovery of 75 active compounds, including phenolic acids, volatile oils, and phthalides, two of which were highly selective novel natural phthalide hMAO-B inhibitors that were potent, selective, reversible and had good blood‒brain permeability.

High-risk histopathologic features in local advanced conjunctival melanoma.

Purpose: To identify high-risk histopathologic and molecular features of local recurrence, nodal metastasis, distant metastasis (DM) and disease-specific death (DSD) in conjunctival melanoma (CoM).

Methods: Ninety patients with pathologically diagnosed CoM between 2008 and 2023 were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry staining of BRAF, NRAS, CD117, PD-1 and PD-L1 was performed in 65 and 45 patients, respectively.

Genetic landscape and prognosis of conjunctival melanoma in Chinese patients.

Aims: Conjunctival melanoma (CoM) is a rare but highly lethal ocular melanoma and there is limited understanding of its genetic background. To update the genetic landscape of CoM, whole-exome sequencing (WES) and targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) were performed.

Methods: Among 30 patients who were diagnosed and treated at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, from January 2018 to January 2023, WES was performed on 16 patients, while targeted NGS was conducted on 14 patients.

RGDAN: A random graph diffusion attention network for traffic prediction.

Traffic Prediction based on graph structures is a challenging task given that road networks are typically complex structures and the data to be analyzed contains variable temporal features. Further, the quality of the spatial feature extraction is highly dependent on the weight settings of the graph structures. In the transportation field, the weights of these graph structures are currently calculated based on factors like the distance between roads.

CypD induced ROS output promotes intracranial aneurysm formation and rupture by 8-OHdG/NLRP3/MMP9 pathway.

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are widely accepted as a pernicious factor in the progression of intracranial aneurysm (IA), which is eminently related to cell apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation, but the mechanism remains to be elucidated. Recent evidence has identified that enhancement of Cyclophilin D (CypD) under stress conditions plays a critical role in ROS output, thus accelerating vascular destruction. However, no study has confirmed whether cypD is a detrimental mediator of cell apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation in the setting of IA development.

Silicon bowtie structure based adjustable nonrigid all-nonmetal metamaterial terahertz filter.

An all-nonmetal metamaterial (ANM) terahertz device with a silicon bowtie structure has been developed, which has comparable efficiency to that of its metallic counterparts, and better compatibility with modern semiconductor fabrication processes. Moreover, a highly tunable ANM with the same structure was successfully fabricated through integration with a flexible substrate, which demonstrated large tunability over a wide frequency range. Such a device can be used in terahertz systems for numerous applications, and is a promising substitute for conventional metal-based structures.

High Durability of Fe-N-C Single-Atom Catalysts with Carbon Vacancies toward the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Media.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted extensive interest to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells and metal-air batteries. However, the development of SACs with high selectivity and long-term stability is a great challenge. In this work, carbon vacancy modified Fe-N-C SACs (Fe -N-C) are practically designed and synthesized through microenvironment modulation, achieving high-efficient utilization of active sites and optimization of electronic structures.

Safety and feasibility assessment of extending the flushing interval in totally implantable venous access port flushing during the non-treatment stage for patients with breast cancer.

Aim: To investigate the safety and feasibility of extending the flushing interval for the totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) during the non-treatment stage in patients with breast cancer (BC) by retrospectively analyzing the patients' clinical data, including the incidence of TIVAP-related complications.

Methods: This single-center retrospective study included patients with BC who underwent TIVAP implantation at our hospital between January 2018 and March 2021 during their non-treatment phase and visited the hospital regularly for TIVAP flushing. Among the 1013 patients with BC who received TIVAP implantation, 617 patients were finally included on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into three groups according to the length of the flushing interval: group 1 (≤30 days, n = 79), group 2 (31-90 days, n = 66), and group 3 (91-120 days, n = 472).

Rapid determination of 103 common veterinary drug residues in milk and dairy products by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

A multi-residue method has been developed for the identification and quantification of 103 common veterinary drug residues in milk and dairy Products. This method was based on QuEChERS with dispersive solid-phase where C18 sorbent and anhydrous sodium sulfate were used to sample purification. After evaporation and reconstitution, the samples were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Transcriptomic comparison of ovarian granulosa cells between adult sheep and prepubertal lambs.

Background: The oocyte development ability of prepubertal animals is significantly lower than that of adult animals. Granulosa cells (GCs) have an important function on regulation of follicular and oocyte development. Therefore, analysis of GC characteristics can be used to explore the developmental mechanism of follicles and oocytes.

A Metal-Phenolic Nanosensitizer Performs Hydrogen Sulfide-Reprogrammed Oxygen Metabolism for Cancer Radiotherapy Intensification and Immunogenicity.

Radiotherapy (RT) is hampered by the limited oxygen in tumors, which could be potentiated via reprogramming the oxygen metabolism and increasing the oxygen utilization efficiency. Herein, a metal-phenolic nanosensitizer (Hf-PSP-DTC@PLX) was integrated via an acid-sensitive hydrogen sulfide (H S) donor (polyethylene glycol-co-polydithiocarbamates, PEG-DTC) and a hafnium-chelated polyphenolic semiconducting polymer (Hf-PSP) in an amphiphilic polymer (poloxamer F127, PLX). Hf-PSP-DTC@PLX elicited a high imaging performance for precise RT and generated H S to reduce the cellular oxygen consumption rate via mitochondrial respiration inhibition, which reprogrammed the oxygen metabolism for improvement of the tumor oxygenation.

Regulation of epigenetic homeostasis in uveal melanoma and retinoblastoma.

Uveal melanoma (UM) and retinoblastoma (RB), which cause blindness and even death, are the most frequently observed primary intraocular malignancies in adults and children, respectively. Epigenetic studies have shown that changes in the epigenome contribute to the rapid progression of both UM and RB following classic genetic changes. The loss of epigenetic homeostasis plays an important role in oncogenesis by disrupting the normal patterns of gene expression.

A metal-polyphenolic nanosystem with NIR-II fluorescence-guided combined photothermal therapy and radiotherapy.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) achieves substantive therapeutic progress in certain tumor types without exogenous agents but is hampered by the over-activated inflammatory response or tumor recurrence in some cases. Herein, we technically developed the metal-polyphenolic nanosystem with precise NIR-II fluorescence-imaging guidance for combining hafnium (Hf)-sensitized radiotherapy with PTT to regress tumor growth.

Engineering a Hydrogen-Sulfide-Based Nanomodulator to Normalize Hyperactive Photothermal Immunogenicity for Combination Cancer Therapy.

Photothermal therapy (PTT), one of the most-potent cancer therapeutic strategies known, is highlighted with excessive inflammatory response, while ablating cancer with immunogenic death. This hyperactive immune response may override PTT-triggered immunogenicity, exacerbate skin empyrosis, and incur permanent tissue injury and high-profile tumor regeneration. Therefore, an anticancer balance between pathological and protective immune response is urgently needed for an advanced photothermal therapeutic tactic.

[Corrigendum] TUSC8 inhibits the development of osteosarcoma by sponging miR‑197‑3p and targeting EHD2.

Subsequently to the publication of this article, the authors have realized that Fig. 2D contained a duplication error, which arose during the assembly of the figures; specifically, the upper-left panel in Fig. 2D, showing the results of the MG‑63/pcDNA3.

TUSC8 inhibits the development of osteosarcoma by sponging miR‑197‑3p and targeting EHD2.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant bone tumours and generally occurs in children and adolescents. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that dysregulated long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the progression of various human neoplasms. Among these, tumour suppressor candidate 8 (TUSC8) is a novel lncRNA and has been reported to function as a tumour suppressor in cervical cancer.

Aberrant Kank1 expression regulates YAP to promote apoptosis and inhibit proliferation in OSCC.

The kidney ankyrin repeat-containing protein 1 (Kank1) gene is one of the most important members of the KANK family. Kank1 has hybridity deletion and promoter methylation in the cancer tissues of the brain, lung, kidney and the corresponding cell lines, leading to downregulation of the gene expression. Meanwhile, Kank1 also plays a key role in the occurrence and development of various types of tumors, suggesting that Kank1 may be an anti-oncogene.

[Characteristics of soil respiration in Phyllostachys edulis forest in Wanmulin Natural Reserve and related affecting factors].

By using Li-Cor 8100 open soil carbon flux system, the dynamic changes of soil respiration rate in Phyllostachys edulis forest in Wanmulin Natural Reserve in Fujian Province of China were measured from January 2009 to December 2009, with the relationships between the dynamic changes and related affecting factors analyzed. The monthly variation of soil respiration rate in the forest presented a double peak curve, with the peaks appeared in June 2009 (6. 83 micromol x m(-2) x s(-1)) and September 2009 (5.