Structurally diverse monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from as well as their potential anti-inflammatory and anti-HIV effects.

A phytochemical investigation on the stems and leaves of caused the isolation and characterisation of a new monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, damnahainanline (), as well as seven known analogues (-). The molecular structure of was determined in the light of comprehensive spectroscopic data analyses and the known analogues - were determined comparing their experimental spectroscopic data with the reported spectroscopic data in the literature. The anti-inflammatory effects as well as anti-HIV activities of all isolates - were assessed.

Model-based analysis for investigating the impact of tumor size, lymphocyte and neutrophil on the survival of breast cancer 4T1 tumor-bearing mice.

Survival is one of the foremost endpoints in cancer therapy, and parametric survival analysis could comprehensively demonstrate the overall result of various different baseline and longitudinal factors. In this study, the survival of triple negative breast cancer 4T1 tumor-bearing mice treated by gemcitabine (GEM) and dexamethasone (DEX) was investigated with model-based analysis. The tumor size, lymphocyte (LY) and neutrophil (NE) of 4T1 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice were collected, and the PK/PD models of these longitudinal data were established in a sequential manner, respectively.

Effect of Slow-Release Urea on Yield and Quality of .

Slow-release urea, as an environmentally friendly fertiliser, can provide a continuous and uniform supply of nutrients needed by the crop, reduce the amount and frequency of fertiliser application, and promote the uptake and utilisation of nitrogen in crops. The production of is often dominated by the application of quick-acting fertilisers, resulting in serious problems of over-fertilisation, inappropriate periods of fertilisation, eutrophication of soil and water due to fertilisation, and difficulties in applying fertilisers. Therefore, in this study, different amounts (CK, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) of SRU (Slow-release Urea) were first applied, and T3 (18.

iGATTLDA: Integrative graph attention and transformer-based model for predicting lncRNA-Disease associations.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as significant contributors to the regulation of various biological processes, and their dysregulation has been linked to a variety of human disorders. Accurate prediction of potential correlations between lncRNAs and diseases is crucial for advancing disease diagnostics and treatment procedures. The authors introduced a novel computational method, iGATTLDA, for the prediction of lncRNA-disease associations.

2-Arylbenzofurans from the stems and leaves of and their potential antiproliferative activities.

Phytochemical study on the stems and leaves of led to the isolation of a new 2-arylbenzofuran, artocartone (), as well as seven known 2-arylbenzofurans (). The chemical structure of was established by means of comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and the known compounds were determined by comparing their MS and NMR data with those reported data in literature. The antiproliferative activities of all isolates against five human cancer cell lines: HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-375, MCF-7 and SW480 were evaluated.

Beyond weight loss: the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for treating heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous syndrome with various phenotypes, and obesity is one of the most common and clinically relevant phenotypes of HFpEF. Obesity contributes to HFpEF through multiple mechanisms, including sodium retention, neurohormonal dysregulation, altered energy substrate metabolism, expansion of visceral adipose tissue, and low-grade systemic inflammation. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a hormone in the incretin family.

Eosinophil extracellular traps in respiratory ailment: Pathogenic mechanisms and clinical translation.

Background: Eosinophilic extracellular traps (EETs) are reticular complexes comprising deoxyribonucleic-Acid (DNA) fibers and granule proteins.

Aims: EETs play a crucial role in antimicrobial host responses and are pathogenic when overproduced or under degraded. EETs created by eosinophils appear to enable vital immune responses against extra-cellular pathogens, nevertheless, trap overproduction is evident in pathology.

Continuous batch synthesis with atmospheric-pressure microwave plasmas.

Plasmas under atmospheric pressure offer a high-temperature environment for material synthesis, but electrode ablation compromises purity. Here, we introduce an atmospheric-pressure microwave plasma (AMP) operated without electrodes to overcome the existing limitations in pure material synthesis. The distribution of the electrostatic field intensity inside a waveguide during AMP excitation was examined via electrostatic field simulations.

[Chemical constituents from stems and leaves of Artocarpus tonkinensis and their inhibitory effects on proliferation of synovioblasts in vitro].

The chemical constituents from the stems and leaves of Artocarpus tonkinensis in Artocarpus of Moraceae were systematically studied by means of silica gel, octadecylsilyl(ODS), and Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatographies, as well as preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(Pre-HPLC) and a variety of chromatographic separation techniques. The spectral data and physicochemical properties of the compounds were obtained from separation and compared with those of the compounds reported in the literature. As a result, 11 compounds isolated from the 90% ethanol extract of the stems and leaves of A.

Engineering an enzyme-like catalytic sensor for on-site dual-mode evaluation of total antioxidant capacity.

A novel Fe-MoO nanozyme, engineered with enhanced peroxidase (POD)-like activity through strategic doping and the creation of oxygen vacancies, is introduced to catalyze the oxidation of TMB with high efficiency. Furthermore, Fe-MoO is responsive to single electron transfer (SET) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanisms related to antioxidants and can serve as a desirable nanozyme for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) determination. The TAC colorimetric platform can reach a low LOD of 0.

Identification of DNase I hypersensitive sites in the human genome by multiple sequence descriptors.

DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs) are chromatin regions highly sensitive to DNase I enzymes. Studying DHSs is crucial for understanding complex transcriptional regulation mechanisms and localizing cis-regulatory elements (CREs). Numerous studies have indicated that disease-related loci are often enriched in DHSs regions, underscoring the importance of identifying DHSs.

The Prediction of Recombination Hotspot Based on Automated Machine Learning.

Meiotic recombination plays a pivotal role in genetic evolution. Genetic variation induced by recombination is a crucial factor in generating biodiversity and a driving force for evolution. At present, the development of recombination hotspot prediction methods has encountered challenges related to insufficient feature extraction and limited generalization capabilities.

SIRT5 exacerbates eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis by promoting polarization of M2 macrophage.

Background: Previous studies implied that local M2 polarization of macrophage promoted mucosal edema and exacerbated T2 type inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, the specific pathogenic role of M2 macrophages and the intrinsic regulators in the development of CRS remains elusive.

Objective: We sought to investigate the regulatory role of SIRT5 in the polarization of M2 macrophages and its potential contribution to the development of CRSwNP.

Prediction of blood-brain barrier penetrating peptides based on data augmentation with Augur.

Background: The blood-brain barrier serves as a critical interface between the bloodstream and brain tissue, mainly composed of pericytes, neurons, endothelial cells, and tightly connected basal membranes. It plays a pivotal role in safeguarding brain from harmful substances, thus protecting the integrity of the nervous system and preserving overall brain homeostasis. However, this remarkable selective transmission also poses a formidable challenge in the realm of central nervous system diseases treatment, hindering the delivery of large-molecule drugs into the brain.

Predicting the role of the human gut microbiome in type 1 diabetes using machine-learning methods.

Gut microbes is a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, it is still unclear which gut microbiota are the key factors affecting T1D and their influence on the development and progression of the disease. To fill these knowledge gaps, we constructed a model to find biomarker from gut microbiota in patients with T1D.

Devastating the Supply Wagons: Multifaceted Liposomes Capable of Exhausting Tumor to Death via Triple Energy Depletion.

The anabolism of tumor cells can not only support their proliferation, but also endow them with a steady influx of exogenous nutrients. Therefore, consuming metabolic substrates or limiting access to energy supply can be an effective strategy to impede tumor growth. Herein, a novel treatment paradigm of starving-like therapy-triple energy-depleting therapy-is illustrated by glucose oxidase (GOx)/dc-IR825/sorafenib liposomes (termed GISLs), and such a triple energy-depleting therapy exhibits a more effective tumor-killing effect than conventional starvation therapy that only cuts off one of the energy supplies.

A ferroptosis-reinforced nanocatalyst enhances chemodynamic therapy through dual HO production and oxidative stress amplification.

The existence of a delicate redox balance in tumors usually leads to cancer treatment failure. Breaking redox homeostasis by amplifying oxidative stress and reducing glutathione (GSH) can accelerate cancer cell death. Herein, we construct a ferroptosis-reinforced nanocatalyst (denoted as HBGL) to amplify intracellular oxidative stress via dual HO production-assisted chemodynamic therapy (CDT).

[Regulation Effects of Humus Active Components on Soil Cadmium Availability and Critical Threshold for Rice Safety].

Organic materials containing humic acids (HAs) play important roles in regulating the bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) in soils and thus its accumulation in crops. The effects of the two active components of HAs, humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA), in organic materials and their different ratios (HA/FA) on Cd uptake and accumulation in rice were investigated using a field plot experiment, and their relationships with the Cd fractions and availability in paddy soil as influenced by the use of these organic materials were analyzed in combination with the fractionation method of chemical continuous extraction. The results showed that the effects of HAs on Cd availability in soil and Cd accumulation in rice grains were controlled by the ratios of the active components in the organic materials.

[Comprehensive identification of metabolites and metabolic characteristics of luteolin and kaempferol in Simiao Yong'an Decoction in rats by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS/MS].

Simiao Yong'an Decoction is a classic prescription for treating gangrene. Modern medical evidence has proven that Si-miao Yong'an Decoction has therapeutic effects on atherosclerosis(AS), vascular occlusion angeitides, and hypertension, while its pharmacodynamic mechanism remains unclear. The evidence of network pharmacology, molecular docking, literature review, and our previous study suggests that luteolin and kaempferol are two major flavonoids in Simiao Yong'an Decoction and can inhibit macrophage inflammation and exert anti-AS effects.

Identification of Key Immune-Related Genes in the Treatment of Heart Failure After Myocardial Infarction with Empagliflozin Based on RNA-Seq.

Purpose: Heart failure is a serious complication after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is crucial to investigate the mechanism of action of empagliflozin in the treatment of heart failure.

Methods: A total of 20 wild type (WT) male C57BL6/J mice were used to establish a model of heart failure after myocardial infarction and randomly divided into 2 groups: treatment group and control group.

Integration of RNA-Seq and Machine Learning Identifies Hub Genes for Empagliflozin Benefitable Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the hub genes of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) treated with Empagliflozin using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatics methods, including machine learning.

Methods: From February 2021 to February 2023, nine patients with HFrEF were enrolled from our hospital's cardiovascular department. In addition to routine drug treatment, these patients received 10 mg of Empagliflozin once daily for two months.

Research on the game of manufacturing capacity sharing based on prospect theory.

In order to investigate the strategy choice of each player in capacity sharing, the article constructs a tripartite game model based on capacity provider-capacity demander-government, introduces the prospect theory and conducts numerical simulation analysis using MATLAB. The results show that capacity sharing in the manufacturing industry is related to three parties: capacity providers, capacity demanders and the government, and their strategies in the game process influence each other; the sensitivity of capacity providers and capacity demanders is higher than that of the government; the increase of risk-return coefficient and loss-avoidance coefficient is conducive to the evolution of subjects to the ideal state.