PCSK9 aggravated carotid artery stenosis in ApoE mice by promoting the expression of tissue factors in endothelial cells via the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease, is the most relevant cause of carotid artery stenosis. Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) play a significant role in the development of atherosclerosis. In this chronic inflammatory environment, we aimed to investigate whether PCSK9 could mitigate atherosclerosis progression by reducing tissue factor expression in ECs via in vivo and in vitro assays.

Vectorizing Pro-Insecticide: Influence of Linker Length on Insecticidal Activity and Phloem Mobility of New Tralopyril Derivatives.

To improve the proinsecticidal activity and phloem mobility of amino acid-tralopyril conjugates further, nine conjugates were designed and synthesized by introducing glutamic acid to tralopyril, and the length of the linker between glutamic acid and tralopyril ranged from 2 atoms to 10 atoms. The results of insecticidal activity against the third-instar larvae of showed that conjugates , , ,and (straight-chain containing 2-5 atoms) exhibited good insecticidal activity, and their LC values were 0.2397 ± 0.