Construction of the Red Swamp Crayfish () Family Selection Population and Whole Genome Sequencing to Screen Candidate Genes Related to Growth.

is an important freshwater aquaculture species in China which has the characteristics of rich nutrition and delicious taste. However, the expansion of aquaculture scale, germplasm degradation, and other problems that have become increasingly prominent seriously restrict the sustainable development of the crayfish industry. Genetic improvement is an urgent need for the crayfish aquaculture industry, and selective breeding is an important way to improve the crayfish varieties.

Integration of network pharmacology, bioinformatics and experimental verification strategy to discover the pharmacological mechanisms of mogroside acts against pharyngitis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex Lu & Zhang, a popular herb in traditional Chinese materials, has been broadly employed in food and medicine homology. According to TCM, S.

Stamens enclosed by petals in (Rhamnaceae): a unique mechanism for pollen presentation.

Introduction: Pollen is usually presented by the anthers after maturity. However, in some plants, pollen is presented to pollinators on other floral structures (other than the anthers), or via particular expulsion mechanisms, resulting in secondary pollen presentation. The unusual petal morphology in mediates pollen presentation, characterised by a combination of secondary pollen presentation and primary pollen presentation.

Schisandraceae family fruits: Exploring chemophenetic significance, UPLC/MSn database, phytochemistry, and pharmacological potential.

Fruits from the Schisandraceae family are renowned for their exceptional medicinal and nutritional properties. These fruits exhibit distinctive shapes and are rich in nutrients, offering edible, ornamental, aesthetic, and therapeutic qualities. Traditional uses of Schisandraceae fruits include the treatment of conditions such as rheumatism, chronic diarrhea, chronic cough, and neurological disorders.

Soil legacies of genotypic diversity enhance population resistance to water stress.

While the positive relationship between plant diversity and ecosystem functioning is frequently observed and often attributed to direct plant-plant interactions, it remains unclear whether and how the effects of plant diversity endure through soil legacy effects, particularly at the level of genotypic diversity. We manipulated the genotypic diversity of Scirpus mariqueter and tested its soil legacy effects on a conspecific phytometer under low- and high-water availability conditions. We found that genotypic diversity enhanced phytometer productivity through soil legacies, with stronger effects under low-water availability conditions, improving its resistance to water stress.

Cannabidiol attenuates lipid metabolism and induces CB1 receptor-mediated ER stress associated apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most deadly gynecological tumor. OC cells utilize cellular metabolic reprogramming to gain a survival advantage, particularly through aberrant lipid metabolic process. As the primary ingredient in exogenous cannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) has been confirmed to exhibit antitumor activity in preclinical studies.

Fabrication of Ag based Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering substrates with periodic mask arrays by electron beam deposition.

Background: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has attracted much attention as a powerful detection and analysis tool with high sensitivity and fast detection speed. The intensity of the SERS signal mainly depended on the highly enhanced electromagnetic field of nanostructure near the substrate. However, the fabrication of high-quality SERS nanostructured substrates is usually complicated, makes many methods unsuitable for large-scale production of SERS substrates.

HBx Facilitates Drug Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via CD133-regulated Self-renewal of Liver Cancer Stem Cells.

Background And Aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis, drug resistance, and recurrence, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Recent studies suggest that HBV infection may be associated with liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs), but the exact mechanisms are yet to be resolved. In this study, we aimed to analyze the role of HBV infection in regulating the stemness of HCCs, which is closely linked to drug resistance.

Controlling crystal planes of biomass-derived carbon based Mo2C NPs and the electrochemical performance.

The electrochemical property of Mo2C nanoparticles (NPs) depends on the structure and crystal planes. Herein, Mo2C nanoparticles were prepared and dispersed on carbon nanosheets by the construction of a biomass-derived carbon precursor, and the exposed dual crystal planes were also controlled by optimal conditions. The structure, compositions, and morphology of the carbon-based Mo2C were characterized, and the Mo2C NPs were well dispersed on the carbon nanosheets.

Investigation of bidirectional causal association between temporomandibular disorders and five mental disorders.

Objective: This study utilized two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) to investigate the bidirectional causal associations between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and five mental disorders.

Methods: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to TMD were extracted from the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) database. The SNPs selected as instrumental variables (IVs) were required to have strong associations with the exposure phenotype and to meet the assumptions of Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Anisotropic hydrogel sensors with muscle-like structures based on high-absorbent alginate fibers.

Hydrogel sensors have attracted much attention as they play a critical role in health monitoring, multifunctional electronic skin, and human-machine interfaces. However, the isotropic structure makes existing hydrogel sensors exhibit isotropic sensing performance. Therefore, it is a challenge to fabricate hydrogels with human tissue-like structures to achieve anisotropic sensing performance.

Targeted isolation of lignans and triterpenoids from kadsura coccinea by molecular networking and anti-RA-FLS activity.

In this study, six compounds (four triterpenoids named heilaohutriterpenes A-D and two lignans name heilaohusuins F and G) together with 21 known compounds were isolated from roots of Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) A. C.

Calcium Alginate Fibers/Boron Nitride Composite Lithium-Ion Battery Separators with Excellent Thermal Stability and Cycling Performance.

As one of the most critical components in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), commercial polyolefin separators suffer from drawbacks such as poor thermal stability and the inability to inhibit the growth of dendrites, which seriously threaten the safety of LIBs. In this study, we prepared calcium alginate fiber/boron nitride-compliant separators (CA@BN) through paper-making technology and the surface coating method using calcium alginate fiber and boron nitride. The CA@BN had favorable electrolyte wettability, flame retardancy, and thermal dimensional stability of the biomass fiber separator.

Antioxidative hydrogel based on hyaluronic acid/polyethylene glycol loaded with shikonin-coated flexible liposome and evaluation of its therapeutic effect on eczema.

Eczema, a common skin condition, is gaining attention due to its increasing annual prevalence and severe influence on both bodily and mental health. Existing treatments for this disease often have significant side effects and safety concerns. Comfrey, a traditional Chinese herbal remedy, is commonly used to treat skin conditions.

The chain mediating role of parenting stress and child maltreatment in the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences and executive functions in preschool children: a longitudinal study.

Background: Previous researches found that maternal adverse childhood experiences not only affect the psychological behavior of preschool children, but also have direct or indirect negative effects on the executive functions and cognition of offspring. And, the possible social psychological mechanism between maternal adverse childhood experiences and preschool children's executive functions is still not clear.

Objectives: This study mainly tries to understand the association between parenting stress and child maltreatment in maternal adverse childhood experiences and children's executive functions through longitudinal cohort.

Integrating UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS, Network pharmacology and experimental validation to reveal the potential mechanism of Kadsuracoccinea roots in Colon Cancer.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Kadsura coccinea roots are a traditional folk medicine used to treat gastrointestinal diseases. In recent years, research on K. coccinea has predominantly focused on the analysis of chemical composition and screening for activity, but there is a scarcity of studies that employ mass spectrometry to analyze Kadsura coccinea roots.

Small ubiquitin-like modifier protease gene TaDSU enhances salt tolerance of wheat.

To identify efficient salt-tolerant genes is beneficial for coping with the penalty of salt stress on crop yield. Reversible conjugation (sumoylation and desumoylation) of Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier (SUMO) is a crucial kind of protein modifications, but its roles in the response to salt and other abiotic stress are not well addressed. Here, we identify salt-tolerant SUMO protease gene TaDSU for desumoylation from wheat, and analyze its mechanism in salt tolerance and evaluate its role in yield in saline-alkaline fields.

High performance filtering and high-sensitivity concentration retrieval of methane in photoacoustic spectroscopy utilizing deep learning residual networks.

A novel method is introduced to improve the detection performance of photoacoustic spectroscopy for trace gas detection. For effectively suppressing various types of noise, this method integrates photoacoustic spectroscopy with residual networks model which encompasses a total of 40 weighted layers. Firstly, this approach was employed to accurately retrieve methane concentrations at various levels.

An intelligent NIR fluorescent dye with dual response to pH and viscosity for investigating the interactions between LDs and mitochondria.

The interaction between lipid droplets and mitochondria plays a pivotal role in biological processes including cellular stress, metabolic homeostasis, cellular autophagy and apoptosis. Deciphering the complex interplay between lipid droplets and mitochondria is essential for gaining insights into the fundamental workings of the cell and can have broad implications for the development of therapeutic strategies for various diseases, including metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. In this study, we develop a pH and viscosity-responsive near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe PTOH to investigate the interaction between lipid droplets and mitochondria.

Alkaline shock protein 23 (Asp23)-controlled cell wall imbalance promotes membrane vesicle biogenesis in Staphylococcus aureus.

Membrane vesicles (MVs) are produced by species across all domains of life and have diverse physiological functions as well as promising applications. While the mechanisms for vesiculation in Gram-negative bacteria are well-established, the genetic determinants and regulatory factors responsible for MV biogenesis in Gram-positive bacteria remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that a Q225P substitution in the alternative sigma factor B (SigB) triggers MV production in Staphylococcus aureus strain Newman by hindering the specific binding of SigB to the asp23 promoter, thereby repressing expression of alkaline shock protein 23 (Asp23).